Hand chest percussion is a widely utilized airway clearance technique in medicine,providing significant auxiliary role in the treatment of lung diseases. Suitable airway clearance techniques for patients' diseases can improve their subjective symptoms,enhance their confidence in care,optimize their quality of life,reduce their disease course,and improve their pulmonary function status and prognosis. However,there is no medical setting or parent who uses mechanical sputum removal equipment. Hand chest percussion,as the primary method of airway clearance,presents challenges for elderly patients and children who are bedridden for extended periods or have communication difficulties. Improper application of this technique not only increases the burden on medical staff and families but also fails to achieve optimal sputum drainage,leading to patient discomfort and diminishing their overall experience during medical care. Therefore,the team of the department of critical care medicine of Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital designed a drum-press massage cup and obtained a National Utility Model Patent of China (ZL 202020856848.5) and Appearance Design Patent (ZL 202030236631.X). This drum-press massage cup is mainly composed of 2 parts:the massage cup and the handle. It can be disassembled and assembled,and the structure is simple and practical. It is suitable for manual chest percussion care for critically ill patients,which can also improve the efficiency of manual chest percussion for sputum drainage. It is also suitable for personal sputum drainage and treatment requirements of patients who can take care of themselves,thus saving the labor of medical and nursing staff and increasing their satisfaction. It improves the effect of airway clearance and the prognosis of patients.

Hand chest percussion is a widely utilized airway clearance technique in medicine,providing significant auxiliary role in the treatment of lung diseases. Suitable airway clearance techniques for patients' diseases can improve their subjective symptoms,enhance their confidence in care,optimize their quality of life,reduce their disease course,and improve their pulmonary function status and prognosis. However,there is no medical setting or parent who uses mechanical sputum removal equipment. Hand chest percussion,as the primary method of airway clearance,presents challenges for elderly patients and children who are bedridden for extended periods or have communication difficulties. Improper application of this technique not only increases the burden on medical staff and families but also fails to achieve optimal sputum drainage,leading to patient discomfort and diminishing their overall experience during medical care. Therefore,the team of the department of critical care medicine of Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital designed a drum-press massage cup and obtained a National Utility Model Patent of China (ZL 202020856848.5) and Appearance Design Patent (ZL 202030236631.X). This drum-press massage cup is mainly composed of 2 parts:the massage cup and the handle. It can be disassembled and assembled,and the structure is simple and practical. It is suitable for manual chest percussion care for critically ill patients,which can also improve the efficiency of manual chest percussion for sputum drainage. It is also suitable for personal sputum drainage and treatment requirements of patients who can take care of themselves,thus saving the labor of medical and nursing staff and increasing their satisfaction. It improves the effect of airway clearance and the prognosis of patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and associated risk factors for patients with mixed Candida/bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs).Methods A retrospective study was conducted in the Second Affiliated hHospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from February 2012 to June 2015.The clinical data of cases was collected,and the clinical characteristics,the microbiology data and outcomes in patients with mixed Candida/bacterial BSIs confirmed by blood culture were compared with those with candidaemia.A Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the independent risk factors.Results A total of 136 candidaemia cases were analyzed including 40 cases (29.4％) of mixed Candida/boacterial BSIs and 96 cases of candidaemia.Among the 136 candidas strains,the proportion of non-albicans exceeded the albicans (50.7％ vs 49.3％),although the later was still the predominant one.There was no significant difference in the distribution of candidas strains between patients with mixed Candida/bacterial BSIs and patients with candidaemia.In patients with mixed Candida/bacterial BSIs,25 strains (61.0％) of gram-positive cocci and 16 strains (39.0％) of gram-negative bacilli were isolated.Compared with patients with candidaemia,patients with mixed Candida/bacterial BSIs needed longer period of antifungal therapy [12.0 (4.0-25.0)days vs 7.0 (3.0-13.5) days,P=0.027],but the crude 30-day and 90-day mortality did not differ between the two groups (40.0％ vs 32.3％;45.0％ vs 36.5％;both P＞0.05).Univariate analysis revealed that the prior hospital stay,ICU admission at the onset of candidaemia,blood transfusion,human albumin infusion,mechanical ventilation,linezolid use and high SOFA score were related with the occurrence of mixed Candida/bacterial BSIs (all P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that only high SOFA score was the independent risk factor (P=0.003).Conclusions Gram-positive cocci were the predominant species in mixed Candida/bacterial BSIs.Compared with candidaemia,mixed Candida/bacterial BSIs needs a longer ICU stay,a longer hospital stay,and a prolonged antifungal therapy.High SOFA score is the independent risk factor for mixed Candida/ bacterial BSIs.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of prognosis in elderly patients with septic shock in ICU.Methods Clinical data of 113 elderly patients with septic shock admitted in the ICU of Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Eastern Hospital from November 2015 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 40 patients died ( death group) and 73 patients survived (survival group) within 28 d after diagnosis confirmed.The general information ,underlying disease,laboratory findings and invasive operations were compared between the two groups.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for prognosis of patients, and ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive value of risk factors for death . Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that APACHEII score ( OR ＝1.344, 95%CI 1畅187-1.520,P＜0.01) and lactic acid level at admission (OR＝1.311,95%CI 1.075-1.599,P＜0.01) were independent risk factors for prognosis ,while platelet counts (OR＝0.986,95%CI 0.976-0.996,P＜0畅01)and albumin level(OR＝0.812,95%CI 0.697-0.945,P＜0.01)were protective factors for prognosis. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of APACHEII score ,lactic acid level at admission and APACHEII score combined with lactic acid level at admission were 0.861(95%CI 0.784-0畅919,P＜0畅01),0.752(95%CI 0.662-0.828,P＜0.01) and 0.904(95%CI 0.834-0.951,P＜0.01),respectively. The predictive value of APACHEII score combined with lactic acid level at admission was better than those of APACHEII score and lactic acid level at admission ( Z ＝2.175 and 2.879, P ＜0.05 and P ＜0畅01). Conclusions Lower APACHEII score and lactic acid level ,increased platelet counts and albumin level may be associated with a favorable prognosis for elderly patients with septic shock .APACHEII score combined with lactic acid level at admission has better predictive value for prognosis .

Objective To analyze the risk factors of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in acute kidney injury (AKI) patients after liver transplantation, and to investigate the prognosis effect of initial RRT treatment time. Methods Clinical data of 132 recipients undergoing organ donation for cardiac death (DCD) allograft orthotopic liver transplantation admitted to Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital and Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Eastern Hospital from July 2014 to July 2018 was retrospectively analyzed. AKI was defined and staged by the criteria of Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guideline in the first 7 days. According to the implementation of RRT, the patients were divided into non-RRT group and RRT group. The differences in gender, age, body mass index (BMI), model for end-stage liver disease with serum sodium (MELD-Na) score, serum creatinine (SCr), and intraoperative norepinephrine (NE) dose, blood loss, fluid infusion, anhepatic phase time, duration of operation between two groups were compared. The statistically significant risk factors of AKI found by univariate analysis were selected and analyzed to find independent risk factors of RRT in AKI patients after liver transplantation with multivariate Logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the test efficiency of all risk factors of RRT implementation. According to the implementation of RRT on KDIGO stage-2, all the patients on KDIGO stage-2 and stage-3 were divided into early group (initial RRT on KDIGO stage-2) and delayed group (including self-improvement without RRT on KDIGO stage-2 and initial RRT on KDIGO stage-3). The duration of mechanical ventilation, the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, AKI duration, incidence of catheter related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) and 28-day mortality were compared between the two groups. Results All 132 receptors were enrolled in the final analysis, and 77 patients developed AKI, accounting for 58.3%, among which 52 cases were in RRT group (67.5%) and 25 were in non-RRT group (32.5%). As shown by univariate analysis, the MELD-Na score (21.6±4.4 vs. 18.0±4.3), intraoperative NE dose (μg·kg-1·h-1: 7.5±1.2 vs. 5.2±1.7), blood loss [mL: 3 000 (2 200, 4 000) vs. 2 600 (1 800, 3 200)], fluid infusion [mL: 6 400 (4 500, 7 800) vs. 5 600 (4 200, 6 800)], and anhepatic period (minutes: 65.6±4.5 vs. 63.0±5.0) were significantly increased in RRT group as compared with those in non-RRT group (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in gender, age, BMI, SCr before operation or the duration of operation. It was shown by multivariate Logistic regression analysis that MELD-Na score before operation [odds ratio (OR) = 1.398, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.062-1.841, P = 0.017], intraoperative NE dose (OR = 4.724, 95%CI = 2.036-10.961, P = 0.000) and fluid infusion (OR = 1.002, 95%CI = 1.001-1.004, P = 0.010) were independent risk factors of RRT implementation in AKI patients after liver transplantation. It was shown by ROC curve analysis that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of MELD-Na score, NE dose and fluid infusion for predicting the implementation of RRT in AKI patients after liver transplantation was 0.719, 0.867, and 0.670, respectively, which suggesting that NE dose had moderate predictive value, but MELD-Na score and fluid infusion had low predicative value. When the optimal cut-off value of NE dose was 6.5 μg·kg-1·h-1, the sensitivity was 84.6% and the specificity was 80.0%. The 28-day mortality was both 0 in early group (n = 25) and delayed group (n = 39). Compared with the early group, the duration of mechanical ventilation (hours: 41.0±1.0 vs. 35.8±6.7) and the length of ICU stay (hours: 98.8±6.6 vs. 94.2±7.3) were significantly increased in delayed group (both P < 0.05), there was no significant difference in AKI duration (days: 11.8±4.2 vs. 10.6±4.9) or the incidence of CRBSI [5.1% (2/39) vs. 4.0% (1/25), both P > 0.05]. Conclusions MELD-Na score, intraoperative NE dose and fluid infusion were the independent risk factors of RRT implementation in AKI patients after liver transplantation. NE dose had moderate predictive value, but MELD-Na score and fluid infusion had low predicative value. Initial RRT on KDIGO stage-2 could reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation and the length of ICU stay.

Objective To investigate the effect of ulinastatin on the expression of serum inflammatory mediators in pa tients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after thrombolysis. Methods 84 patients with AMIin our hospital from January 2017 to December 2017 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group with 42 cases in each group. The control group received recombinant streptokinase intravenous thrombolytic therapy, while the experimental group was given intravenous infusion of ulinastatin in the foundation of thrombolytic therapy. Two groups of patients were extracted venous blood to measure the expression levels of inflammatory mediators including hs-CRP, IL-1, IL-10 and TNF-a before treatment, 24 h and 72 h after treatment. Results 24 h after treatment, the expression levels of hs-CRP, IL-1, IL-10 and TNF-a in the two groups were higher than those before the treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0. 05). However, the increase in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (P＜0. 05). 72 h after treatment, the levels of inflammatory mediators in the two groups were significantly lower than those before and 24 h after the treatment(P＜0. 05). The decrease in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0. 05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions and adverse cardiovascular events between the two groups during hospitalization after thrombolysisP＞0. 05). Conclusion The use of ulinastatin before and after thrombolytic therapy can effectively inhibit the expression levels of inflammatory mediators and relieve myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in patients with AMI.

Objective To explore the incidence risk of postoperative delirium in different underlying diseases and the effective measures of postoperative recovery.Methods 978 cases of emergency surgery,included acute abdomen 324 cases,358 cases of cardiovascular disease,296 cases of cranial trauma.To analyze preoperative underlying diseases,we observed the incidence rate of postoperative delirium,and the efficacy of different care on delirium recovery was compared.Results There was a higher incidence rate of postoperative delirium in patients with coronary heart disease,high blood pressure and emphysema (P ＜ 0.05),especially in patients with multiple disease (P ＜0.01).And effective psychological intervention could increase the recovery rate of delirium.Conclusion The preoperative underlying diseases has a significant impact on the occurrence of postoperative delirium,and the psychological intervention has good effect on the recovery of delirium.