Objective To investigate the value of intraoperative ultrasound radiomics for predicting isocitrate dehydrogenase 1(IDH1)mutation of high-grade glioma.Methods Ninety-five patients with high-grade glioma(WHO grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ)who underwent craniotomy glioma resection and ultrasound assisted tumor localization during operation and then confirmed by pathology were retrospectively enrolled.The patients were divided into training set(n=66,including 24 IDH1 mutation type and 42 IDH1 wild type)and validation set(n=29,including 11 IDH1 mutation type and 18 IDH1 wild type)at the ratio of 7∶3.Based on intraoperative ultrasound,radiomics features were extracted,the best ones were screened,and a radiomics model was established for predicting IDH1 mutation of high-grade glioma using random forest algorithm.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted,the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model,and decision curve analysis(DCA)was used to evaluate the clinical value of the model.Results A total of 851 radiomics features were extracted based on intraoperative ultrasound,and finally 5 best ones were screened out to construct a radiomics model.The AUC of the radiomics model for predicting IDH1 mutation of high-grade glioma in training and validation sets was 0.902 and 0.707,respectively,with no significant difference(P=0.097).DCA maps showed that the clinical net benefit of the radiomics model was high.Conclusion Intraoperative ultrasound radiomics could effectively predict IDH1 mutation of high-grade glioma.

Objective:To elucidate the prognostic differences and risk factors associated with different patterns of recurrence and metastasis following pancreatic cancer (PC) resection.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. Clinicopathological data and follow-up information were retrospectively collected from 210 patients who underwent surgery for PC at the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, between January 2014 and December 2023. There were 114 males and 96 females; the age was (64.5±10.3) years (range: 29 to 89 years). Survival functions based on different times to recurrence and metastasis and different patterns of recurrence and metastasis were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and survival differences among groups were compared using the Log-rank test. Identifying the optimal cutoff for time to postoperative recurrence/metastasis predicting overall survival (OS) in pancreatic cancer patients via the minimum p-value approach. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors affecting OS following pancreatectomy.Results:A total of 210 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among them, 71 patients remained free of recurrence and metastasis, while 139 developed recurrence and metastasis. The patterns included local recurrence ( n=34), liver metastasis ( n=39), lung metastasis ( n=11), peritoneal metastasis ( n=13), multiple sites metastasis ( n=38), bone metastasis ( n=3), and kidney metastasis ( n=1). OS was significantly shorter in the group with postoperative recurrence and metastasis compared to the group without recurrence/metastasis (23.07 months vs.not reached, P<0.01). The optimal cut-off time distinguishing early from late recurrence and metastasis was 13 months. There was a significant difference in post-recurrence survival between patients with early and late recurrence and metastasis (16.03 months vs. 52.40 months, P=0.009). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that different postoperative recurrence and metastasis patterns had different impacts on OS, with lung metastasis showing the best prognosis compared to local recurrence, liver metastasis, peritoneal metastasis, and multiple sites metastasis ( P<0.01). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score 1, postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ≥15 μg/L, poor tumor differentiation, postoperative local recurrence, liver metastasis, peritoneal metastasis, and multiple sites metastases are independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence and metastasis (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Considerable prognostic heterogeneity exists in postoperative PC patients depending on the site and pattern of recurrence or metastasis. Specifically, lung metastasis portends a significantly more favorable prognosis than liver metastasis, peritoneal metastasis, local recurrence, or multiple sites metastases. ECOG score 1, postoperative CEA≥15 μg/L, poor tumor differentiation, postoperative local recurrence, liver metastasis, peritoneal metastasis, and multiple sites metastases are independent risk factors for OS in postoperative PC patients.

Objective To investigate the value of intraoperative ultrasound radiomics for predicting isocitrate dehydrogenase 1(IDH1)mutation of high-grade glioma.Methods Ninety-five patients with high-grade glioma(WHO grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ)who underwent craniotomy glioma resection and ultrasound assisted tumor localization during operation and then confirmed by pathology were retrospectively enrolled.The patients were divided into training set(n=66,including 24 IDH1 mutation type and 42 IDH1 wild type)and validation set(n=29,including 11 IDH1 mutation type and 18 IDH1 wild type)at the ratio of 7∶3.Based on intraoperative ultrasound,radiomics features were extracted,the best ones were screened,and a radiomics model was established for predicting IDH1 mutation of high-grade glioma using random forest algorithm.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted,the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model,and decision curve analysis(DCA)was used to evaluate the clinical value of the model.Results A total of 851 radiomics features were extracted based on intraoperative ultrasound,and finally 5 best ones were screened out to construct a radiomics model.The AUC of the radiomics model for predicting IDH1 mutation of high-grade glioma in training and validation sets was 0.902 and 0.707,respectively,with no significant difference(P=0.097).DCA maps showed that the clinical net benefit of the radiomics model was high.Conclusion Intraoperative ultrasound radiomics could effectively predict IDH1 mutation of high-grade glioma.

Objective:To elucidate the prognostic differences and risk factors associated with different patterns of recurrence and metastasis following pancreatic cancer (PC) resection.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. Clinicopathological data and follow-up information were retrospectively collected from 210 patients who underwent surgery for PC at the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, between January 2014 and December 2023. There were 114 males and 96 females; the age was (64.5±10.3) years (range: 29 to 89 years). Survival functions based on different times to recurrence and metastasis and different patterns of recurrence and metastasis were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and survival differences among groups were compared using the Log-rank test. Identifying the optimal cutoff for time to postoperative recurrence/metastasis predicting overall survival (OS) in pancreatic cancer patients via the minimum p-value approach. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors affecting OS following pancreatectomy.Results:A total of 210 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among them, 71 patients remained free of recurrence and metastasis, while 139 developed recurrence and metastasis. The patterns included local recurrence ( n=34), liver metastasis ( n=39), lung metastasis ( n=11), peritoneal metastasis ( n=13), multiple sites metastasis ( n=38), bone metastasis ( n=3), and kidney metastasis ( n=1). OS was significantly shorter in the group with postoperative recurrence and metastasis compared to the group without recurrence/metastasis (23.07 months vs.not reached, P<0.01). The optimal cut-off time distinguishing early from late recurrence and metastasis was 13 months. There was a significant difference in post-recurrence survival between patients with early and late recurrence and metastasis (16.03 months vs. 52.40 months, P=0.009). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that different postoperative recurrence and metastasis patterns had different impacts on OS, with lung metastasis showing the best prognosis compared to local recurrence, liver metastasis, peritoneal metastasis, and multiple sites metastasis ( P<0.01). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score 1, postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ≥15 μg/L, poor tumor differentiation, postoperative local recurrence, liver metastasis, peritoneal metastasis, and multiple sites metastases are independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence and metastasis (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Considerable prognostic heterogeneity exists in postoperative PC patients depending on the site and pattern of recurrence or metastasis. Specifically, lung metastasis portends a significantly more favorable prognosis than liver metastasis, peritoneal metastasis, local recurrence, or multiple sites metastases. ECOG score 1, postoperative CEA≥15 μg/L, poor tumor differentiation, postoperative local recurrence, liver metastasis, peritoneal metastasis, and multiple sites metastases are independent risk factors for OS in postoperative PC patients.

Objectives:To investigate the association between normal-weight central obesity with new-onset cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality risk. Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted,selecting a total of 93885 participants from the Kailuan Study who had their first physical examination in 2006-2007.According to waist circumference (central obesity:male waist circumference ≥90 cm,female waist circumference ≥85 cm;no central obesity:male waist circumference<90 cm,female waist circumference<85 cm) and body mass index (BMI,normal weight:18.5 kg/m2≤BMI<24.0 kg/m2;overweight/obesity:BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2),the participants were divided into 4 groups:normal weight no central obesity group (G1 group),normal weight central obesity group (G2 group),overweight/obesity no central obesity group (G3 group) and overweight/central obesity group (G4 group);Using the Kaplan-Meier method,the cumulative incidence of new-onset cardiovascular diseases (including hemorrhagic stroke,ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction) and all-cause mortality in different groups was calculated,and the Log-rank test was used for intergroup comparisons.Furthermore,the associations between the different groups and the risk of new-onset cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality were analyzed using the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results:After a median follow-up of 14.97 (14.55,15.17) years,the cumulative incidence of new-onset cardiovascular diseases in G1 group,G2 group,G3 group and G4 group was 7.62％,10.84％,8.67％,12.91％ respectively (log-rank P<0.05) and the cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality was 12.83％,19.72％,10.65％,16.33％ respectively (log-rank P<0.01).After adjusting for confounding factors,Cox regression analysis showed that the HR (95％CI) of new-onset cardiovascular diseases in G2 group,G3 group and G4 group were 1.14 (1.04-1.25),1.07 (1.01-1.14),1.27 (1.21-1.34),respectively compared with G1 group (all P<0.05).The HR (95％CI) of all-cause mortality were 1.06 (1.00-1.14),0.90 (0.85-0.95),0.97 (0.93-1.01) compared with G1 group,and P values were 0.07,<0.01,0.15,respectively.The results of sensitivity analysis were consistent with the above major studies after excluding overweight/obesity and cancer participants during follow-up. Conclusions:Normal-weight central obesity increases the risk of new-onset cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality.

BACKGROUND:Current studies have confirmed that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides can promote nerve regeneration in neurodegeneration-related diseases.The occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases is closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction,but the role of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on the regulation of apoptosis and mitochondrial function in neurodegenerative diseases is not yet clarified. OBJECTIVE:To explore the regulatory effects and mechanisms of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cells. METHODS:SH-SY5Y cells were divided into three groups:control group,H2O2 group,and Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group.Cells in the control group were normally cultured.Cells in the H2O2 group were treated with 300 μmol/L H2O2 for 24 hours.In the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group,the intervention with 300 μg/L Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides was conducted first for 1-2 hours,followed by the addition of 300 μmol/L H2O2 for 24 hours.The mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 kit.Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining kit.The activities of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase were detected by malondialdehyde test kit and superoxide dismutase test kit,respectively.The apoptosis and expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins were detected by immunofluorescence staining and western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the control group,the mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly reduced,as well as apoptotic rate and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased in the H2O2 group(P<0.05).After treatment with Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides,the membrane potential and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly increased,and apoptotic rate and malondialdehyde levels were significantly reduced compared with the H2O2 group(P<0.05).(2)The expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3 were significantly increased,but the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in the H2O2 group compared with the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the H2O2 group,the levels of Bax and Caspase-3 were significantly decreased,but the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly increased in the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the control group,the expression of mitochondrial splitting proteins Fis1 and p-Drp1 was significantly increased,but the expression of mitochondrial fusion proteins OPA1,Mfn1,and Mfn2 was decreased in the H2O2 group(P<0.05).Compared with the H2O2 group,Fis1 and p-Drp1 expression was significantly reduced,but the expression levels of OPA1,Mfn1,and Mfn2 were significantly increased in the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group(P<0.05).(4)The above results confirm that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides can attenuate H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction.

DNA methylation is a prevalent epigenetic modification in vertebrates, and it has been shown to be involved the regulation of gene expression and embryo development. However, it remains unclear how DNA methylation regulates sexual development, especially in species without sex chromosomes. To determine this, we utilized zebrafish to investigate DNA methylation reprogramming during juvenile germ cell development and adult female-to-male sex transition. We reveal that primordial germ cells (PGCs) undergo significant DNA methylation reprogramming during germ cell development, and the methylome of PGCs is reset to an oocyte/ovary-like pattern at 9 days post fertilization (9 dpf). When DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity in juveniles was blocked after 9 dpf, the zebrafish developed into females. We also show that Tet3 is involved in PGC development. Notably, we find that DNA methylome reprogramming during adult zebrafish sex transition is similar to the reprogramming during the sex differentiation from 9 dpf PGCs to sperm. Furthermore, inhibiting DNMT activity can prevent the female-to-male sex transition, sug-gesting that methylation reprogramming is required for zebrafish sex transition. In summary, DNA methylation plays important roles in zebrafish germ cell development and sexual plasticity.

Objective:To investigate the effects of different frequency sling exercise therapy (SET) on the balance of trunk control and walking ability in stroke patients.Methods:A total of 90 patients with stroke who were admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, from January 2018 to December 2018, received sling exercise therapy on a routine basis and were divided into 1 time/Day low frequency group, 2 time/Day medium frequency group, 3 time/Day high frequency group, 20 min/time, for a total of 3 months.After 1, 2 and 3 months, trunk control test (TCT), Berg balance scale(BBS), functional ambulation classification (FAC) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) were used to evaluate the three groups of patients.Results:There were significant differences in TCT, BBS, FAC and MBI between the low, middle and high frequency groups (all P < 0.05). The scores of TCT in the low, middle and high frequency groups were (36.21±6.31), (42.51±4.33), (49.52±4.90) and (41.23±6.31), (50.32±8.32), (58.12±7.23) respectively, and the scores of BBS were (15.11±4.31), (19.69±5.86), (24.56±8.74) and (21.43±5.37), (27.61 ± 7.50), (33.81±6.99) respectively, compared with those before treatment )The scores of (24.69±9.33), (22.84 ± 10.11) and (9.32 ± 3.11), (9.504.10), (9.47 ± 3.73) were significantly improved, and the differences between the high frequency group and the low frequency group and the medium frequency group were statistically significant (all P< 0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the three groups after three months of training ( P> 0.05). There was no significant difference between fAC and MBI in the low, medium and high frequency group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups after training for 2 and 3 months There were significant differences between fAC ((1.84±0.41), (2.39±0.44), (3.29 ± 0.33) and MBI ((27.32 ± 9.33), (34.45 ± 9.21), (44.77 ± 10.27) and (41.33±11.21), (52.73±12.31), (75.94±13.22)). There was significant difference between the high frequency group and the low frequency group ( P< 0.05). Conclusion:Multiple sling exercise therapy in one day can further improve the balance of trunk control and walking ability of stroke patients, and shorten the course of disease.

Objective: To investigate the expression of galectin-3 protein in human breast cancer tissues and the effect of silencing galectin-3 gene on the migration, invasion and apoptosis of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Methods: The relative expression of galectin-3 protein in 15 cases of breast cancer tissues and corresponding para-cancerous tissues were detected by Western blotting; The expression of galectin-3 protein in paraffin sections of 100 cases of breast cancer tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between galectin-3 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients was also analyzed. Galectin-3 siRNA were transfected into human breast cancer MCF-7 cells by liposome, then Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of galectin-3. The effect of galectin-3 gene silencing on cell migration and invasion ability of MCF-7 cells were detected by Transwell method. The effect of galectin-3 gene silencing on apoptosis of MCF-7 cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results: Western blotting detection showed that the relative expression of galectin-3 protein in breast cancer tissues were significantly higher than that in para-cancerous tissues (P<0.05); Immunohistochemistry detection showed that the positive expression rate of galectin-3 protein in breast cancer tissues was 67.00%, the positive expression rates in the lymph node metastasis, hormone receptor (ER, PR) negative groups were significantly higher (P<0.05), and the positive expression rate of galectin-3 protein were increased with the increase of TNM stage and histological grade (P<0.05); Galectin-3 siRNA transfection could significantly reduce the mRNAand protein expression of galectin-3 in MCF-7 cells (P<0.05), and reduce the invasion and migration ability but significantly improve the rate of apoptosis of MCF-7 cells (P<0.05). Conclusion: Galectin-3 is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues, and its silence can inhibit the invasion and metastasis of MCF-7 cells and induce apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. Galectin-3 can be used as a new target for biological therapy of breast cancer.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of varicella attenuated live vaccine ( VarV) produced by A Co. Ltd. Methods We selected 3 provinces in China and enrolled 15 002 children aged 3-<11 in this random, multicenter study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the ex-perimental group and the control group. Every varicella case was collected and recorded to calculate the vac-cine efficacy. Vaccine safety was assessed by means of spontaneous report and regular follow-up visits. Re-sults During the observation period, the incidence of varicella was 0. 147% in the experimental group and 1. 155% in the control group (P<0. 001). The vaccine efficacy was 87. 27%. The adverse reaction rate af-ter vaccination was lower than the rates reported in other literatures. Conclusion The VarV produced by A Co. , Ltd. in China was effective and safe in preventing varicella.