Objective In this study,Knoevenagel derivatives of curcumin were synthesized,and their oil-water partition coefficient were determined.Our aim is to provide an experimental basis for further development of curcumin derivatives.Methods Two Knoevenagel derivatives of curcumin,including 4-(thiophen-2-ylidene)curcumin(3a)and 4-(pyridine-4-ylidene)curcumin(3b),were obtained by using the methylene group of curcumin as the modification site and purified by column chromatography.The structures of these derivatives were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR),infrared(IR)and high-resolution liquid mass spectrometry(HRLC-MS).The oil-water partition coefficient of the derivatives in n-octanol aqueous solution was determined by quantitative analysis using HPLC.Results Knoevenagel derivatives of curcumin were successfully synthesis.The oil-water partition coefficients(lgPap)of curcumin derivatives 3a and 3b are 0.96 and 0.82,respectively.Compared with the oil-water partition coefficient of curcumin(lgPap=3.85),it suggested that curcumin derivatives showed better water solubility than curcumin.Conclusion Compared to the curcumin prototype,Knoevenagel derivatives of curcumin increased water solubility and improved bioavailability.Thus,it may provide experimental basis for introducing heteroarylene moiety of the methylene position of curcumin to enhance pharmacological activity.

Under the structural pressure of aging acceleration and increased chronic disease burden,in order to implement the reform tasks of"promoting healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors coordinated develop-ment and governance"proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,it is urgent to build a medical insurance governance system that is adapted to the"Synergistic goverance on healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors".In order to break the single,fragmented,and passive medical insurance management methods in the past,according to the theoretical framework of system theory,it proposes the"chain-net"gover-nance system of hospital medical insurance built by the policy responsibility chain,information process chain,col-laborative consensus chain,inspection evaluation chain,and performance value chain,and analyzes,the implemen-tation path,necessity and completeness and support elements of this system.

Under the structural pressure of aging acceleration and increased chronic disease burden,in order to implement the reform tasks of"promoting healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors coordinated develop-ment and governance"proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,it is urgent to build a medical insurance governance system that is adapted to the"Synergistic goverance on healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors".In order to break the single,fragmented,and passive medical insurance management methods in the past,according to the theoretical framework of system theory,it proposes the"chain-net"gover-nance system of hospital medical insurance built by the policy responsibility chain,information process chain,col-laborative consensus chain,inspection evaluation chain,and performance value chain,and analyzes,the implemen-tation path,necessity and completeness and support elements of this system.

Under the structural pressure of aging acceleration and increased chronic disease burden,in order to implement the reform tasks of"promoting healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors coordinated develop-ment and governance"proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,it is urgent to build a medical insurance governance system that is adapted to the"Synergistic goverance on healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors".In order to break the single,fragmented,and passive medical insurance management methods in the past,according to the theoretical framework of system theory,it proposes the"chain-net"gover-nance system of hospital medical insurance built by the policy responsibility chain,information process chain,col-laborative consensus chain,inspection evaluation chain,and performance value chain,and analyzes,the implemen-tation path,necessity and completeness and support elements of this system.

Under the structural pressure of aging acceleration and increased chronic disease burden,in order to implement the reform tasks of"promoting healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors coordinated develop-ment and governance"proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,it is urgent to build a medical insurance governance system that is adapted to the"Synergistic goverance on healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors".In order to break the single,fragmented,and passive medical insurance management methods in the past,according to the theoretical framework of system theory,it proposes the"chain-net"gover-nance system of hospital medical insurance built by the policy responsibility chain,information process chain,col-laborative consensus chain,inspection evaluation chain,and performance value chain,and analyzes,the implemen-tation path,necessity and completeness and support elements of this system.

Under the structural pressure of aging acceleration and increased chronic disease burden,in order to implement the reform tasks of"promoting healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors coordinated develop-ment and governance"proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,it is urgent to build a medical insurance governance system that is adapted to the"Synergistic goverance on healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors".In order to break the single,fragmented,and passive medical insurance management methods in the past,according to the theoretical framework of system theory,it proposes the"chain-net"gover-nance system of hospital medical insurance built by the policy responsibility chain,information process chain,col-laborative consensus chain,inspection evaluation chain,and performance value chain,and analyzes,the implemen-tation path,necessity and completeness and support elements of this system.

Under the structural pressure of aging acceleration and increased chronic disease burden,in order to implement the reform tasks of"promoting healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors coordinated develop-ment and governance"proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,it is urgent to build a medical insurance governance system that is adapted to the"Synergistic goverance on healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors".In order to break the single,fragmented,and passive medical insurance management methods in the past,according to the theoretical framework of system theory,it proposes the"chain-net"gover-nance system of hospital medical insurance built by the policy responsibility chain,information process chain,col-laborative consensus chain,inspection evaluation chain,and performance value chain,and analyzes,the implemen-tation path,necessity and completeness and support elements of this system.

Under the structural pressure of aging acceleration and increased chronic disease burden,in order to implement the reform tasks of"promoting healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors coordinated develop-ment and governance"proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,it is urgent to build a medical insurance governance system that is adapted to the"Synergistic goverance on healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors".In order to break the single,fragmented,and passive medical insurance management methods in the past,according to the theoretical framework of system theory,it proposes the"chain-net"gover-nance system of hospital medical insurance built by the policy responsibility chain,information process chain,col-laborative consensus chain,inspection evaluation chain,and performance value chain,and analyzes,the implemen-tation path,necessity and completeness and support elements of this system.

Under the structural pressure of aging acceleration and increased chronic disease burden,in order to implement the reform tasks of"promoting healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors coordinated develop-ment and governance"proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,it is urgent to build a medical insurance governance system that is adapted to the"Synergistic goverance on healthcare,insurance and pharmaceutical sectors".In order to break the single,fragmented,and passive medical insurance management methods in the past,according to the theoretical framework of system theory,it proposes the"chain-net"gover-nance system of hospital medical insurance built by the policy responsibility chain,information process chain,col-laborative consensus chain,inspection evaluation chain,and performance value chain,and analyzes,the implemen-tation path,necessity and completeness and support elements of this system.

In atherosclerosis, chronic inflammatory processes in local diseased areas may lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we devised a highly sensitive H₂O₂-scavenging nano-bionic system loaded with probucol (RPP-PU), to treat atherosclerosis more effectively. The RPP material had high sensitivity to H₂O₂, and the response sensitivity could be reduced from 40 to 10 μmol/L which was close to the lowest concentration of H₂O₂ levels of the pathological environment. RPP-PU delayed the release and prolonged the duration of PU in vivo. In Apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE^‒/‒) mice, RPP-PU effectively eliminated pathological ROS, reduced the level of lipids and related metabolic enzymes, and significantly decreased the area of vascular plaques and fibers. Our study demonstrated that the H₂O₂-scavenging nano-bionic system could scavenge the abundant ROS in the atherosclerosis lesion, thereby reducing the oxidative stress for treating atherosclerosis and thus achieve the therapeutic goals with atherosclerosis more desirably.