OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status of monitoring indicators related to the"Perioperative In-fection Control"in medical institutions above the secondary level in Guizhou Province,and to delve into the imple-mentation of key measures for infection prevention and control during the perioperative period for patients under-going surgical operations.METHODS Based on the"Implementation Plan for the'Perioperative Infection Control'Initiative in Guizhou Province",a"Case Investigation Form on Key Measures for Infection Prevention and Control During the Perioperative Period for Patients Undergoing Surgical Operation"was developed.A total of 138 medi-cal institutions participated in the case investigation,and a total of 2 128 cases were investigated.RESULTS The overall monitoring indicators for the"Perioperative Infection Control"initiative in the 138 medical institutions a-bove the secondary level in Guizhou Province were at a relatively low level.The skin cleansing compliance rate was 80.32％,the hair removal compliance rate was 16.43％,the prophylactic antibacterial drug administration rate within 0.5-1 hour before surgery was 55.94％and the antibacterial drug discontinuation rate within 24 hours after prophylactic medication for type Ⅰ incision surgeries was 56.48％.The hair removal compliance rate was higher in tertiary medical institutions(19.21％)than in secondary medical institutions(14.34％)(P=0.039).The distri-bution of the four monitoring indicators varied in clinical departments and surgery types,with statistically signifi-cant differences(P＜0.05).The preferred method for surgical site skin cleansing in medical institutions across the province was local wiping,primarily with clean water(57.21％).The primary method for hair removal was razors(68.82％),and hair removal on the day of surgery was most common(61.75％).CONCLUSIONS Conduc-ting a survey on the current status of"Perioperative Infection Control"initiative monitoring indicators in medi-cal institutions in Guizhou Province helps to understand the implementation of key measures for perioperative in-fection prevention and control and set intervention targets,thus providing references for establishing a dynam-ic monitoring indicator change mechanism.

Objective To evaluate the resuscitation efficacy of novel lyophilized platelets(LP,thrombin-stimulated platelets)combined with lactated Ringer's(LR)solution in rabbits with hemorrhagic shock and seawater immersion.Methods Fifty rabbits were randomly assigned to 5 groups(Groups A,B,C,D and E,n=10).After all rabbits were anesthetized with 3%pentobarbital sodium at a dose of 1 mL/kg,soft tissue injury was inflicted in the left lower limb.The blood loss from the soft tissue injury was quantified after gauze hemostasis.The right lower limb was subjected to femoral artery catheterization,followed by blood withdrawal equivalent to 26%of the total blood volume of the rabbit.The rabbits were then vertically immersed in 3%artificial seawater,with the water level reaching above the xiphoid process,and were retrieved in 15 min later.Resuscitation strategies were applied to the rabbits from different group:Group A(no resuscitation),Group B(resuscitation with LR solution),Group C(resuscitation with LR solution and fresh platelets),Group D(resuscitation with LR solution and LP),and Group E(resuscitation with LR solution and novel LP).Coagulation function test,routine blood test,blood gas analysis,and thromboelastography were conducted at baseline and at 1,2 and 4 h after injury.Results The LP and rabbit model of hemorrhagic shock and seawater immersion were successfully prepared.At 1 h after injury,the mean arterial pressure(MAP)of Groups C,D and E(infused with platelet preparations)was significantly higher than that of Group A(without resuscitation,P<0.05);the lactate(Lac)content of Group C was obviously lower than that of Groups A and B(P<0.05);the base excess(BE)and blood urea nitrogen(BUN)levels of Groups C,D and E were notably lower than those of Groups A and B(P<0.05);and the prothrombin time(PT)of Group A was significantly longer than that of before injury(P<0.05).At 2 h after injury,the MAP of Groups C and D was significantly higher than that of Groups A and B,and that of Group E was notably higher than that of Group A(P<0.05);the Lac content of Groups C and E was obviously lower than that of Groups A and B,while that of Group D was also lower than that of Group A(P<0.05);the BE and BUN levels of Groups C,D and E were remarkably lower than those of Groups A and B(P<0.05);the maximum amplitude(MA)value of Group C was higher than that of Group A,while the value of Groups A and D at this time was significantly lower than the corresponding value before injury(P<0.05);and the activated partial clotting time(APTT)of Groups A and D was statistically longer than the corresponding baseline time(P<0.05).At 4 h after injury,the MAP of Groups C,D,and E was higher than that of Groups A and B,and that of Group B was higher than that of Group A(P<0.05);the Lac and BUN levels of Groups C,D,and E were lower than those of Groups A and B(P<0.05);the BE level of Groups C and D were lower than those of Groups A and B(P<0.05);the MA value of Groups B,C,and E were higher than those of Group A(P<0.05),while the MA value and APTT value of Groups A and D were significantly lower than their corresponding baseline values(P<0.05).Conclusion For rabbits with hemorrhagic shock and seawater immersion,the novel LP combined with LR solution can significantly increase the MAP level,reduce Lac content,and sustainably maintain blood clot firmness and coagulation function.

Objective To evaluate the effects of physical exercise on liver function and size in adolescents.Methods A total of 361 adolescent subjects from Jining,Shandong Province were selected and divided into low,moderate,and high-intensity exercise groups according to the frequency of moderate intensity exercise.Physical ex-amination tests were conducted including morphological indicators,blood biochemical indicator measurements,liver size and the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Independent sample t-tests and variance analysis were per-formed using SPSS 26.0,and correlation analysis was conducted using Spearman correlation analysis and multivari-ate linear regression analysis.Results Compared with the moderate and low-intensity exercise groups,the high-intensity exercise group had significantly lower diastolic blood pressure,homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),and triglycerides(TG),as well as significantly higher height,maximum oblique diameter of the right liver lobe,and direct bilirubin(DBIL).Correlation analysis showed that as exercise intensity in-creased,aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase,DBIL,and the maximum oblique diameter of the right liver lobe increased significantly(P＜0.05).The results of the cumulative effect of exercise type and intensity indicate that exercise type does not influence the effect of exercise intensity on liver function and size.Conclusions Regular exercise in adolescents can not only shape body,but also improve glucose and lipid metabolism and en-hance liver function.

OBJECTIVE To understand the surveillance data regarding to prevalence of hospital-associated infections(HAIs)in a three-A children's specialized hospital of Henan Province and analyze the change trends so as to pro-vide bases for developing precise prevention strategies and optimizing the allocation of infection control resources.METHODS The data involving the case information,case-time infection rates,infection sites,distribu-tion of departments and pathogens were collected from the children who were hospitalized in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from 2020 to 2024.The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 25.0 soft-ware.RESULTS A total of 460,516 children who were hospitalized for treatment from 2020 to 2024,3700 of whom had hospital-associated infections,with the incidence of HAIs 0.80％;totally 3907 case-times of children had HAIs,with the case-time infection rate 0.85％.The departments ranking the top 5 incidence rates of HAIs were as follows:hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ward,ward 2 of hemooncology department,ward 1 of hemooncology department,ward of rehabilitation center,neonatal surgery department.The lower respiratory tract was the major infection site,accounting for 41.13％.The children who had respiratory system infections accounted for 65.29％.The gram-negative bacteria were dominant among the pathogens causing the HAIs,accounting for 48.15％;the percentage of viruses showed an upward trend.CONCLUSIONS The incidence of HAIs shows fluctu-ating downward trend.It is necessary to further strengthen the refined management and take targeted infection prevention and control measures for the departments at high risk of HAIs and the high-risk links so as to continu-ously improve the medical quality and safety.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status of monitoring indicators related to the"Perioperative In-fection Control"in medical institutions above the secondary level in Guizhou Province,and to delve into the imple-mentation of key measures for infection prevention and control during the perioperative period for patients under-going surgical operations.METHODS Based on the"Implementation Plan for the'Perioperative Infection Control'Initiative in Guizhou Province",a"Case Investigation Form on Key Measures for Infection Prevention and Control During the Perioperative Period for Patients Undergoing Surgical Operation"was developed.A total of 138 medi-cal institutions participated in the case investigation,and a total of 2 128 cases were investigated.RESULTS The overall monitoring indicators for the"Perioperative Infection Control"initiative in the 138 medical institutions a-bove the secondary level in Guizhou Province were at a relatively low level.The skin cleansing compliance rate was 80.32％,the hair removal compliance rate was 16.43％,the prophylactic antibacterial drug administration rate within 0.5-1 hour before surgery was 55.94％and the antibacterial drug discontinuation rate within 24 hours after prophylactic medication for type Ⅰ incision surgeries was 56.48％.The hair removal compliance rate was higher in tertiary medical institutions(19.21％)than in secondary medical institutions(14.34％)(P=0.039).The distri-bution of the four monitoring indicators varied in clinical departments and surgery types,with statistically signifi-cant differences(P＜0.05).The preferred method for surgical site skin cleansing in medical institutions across the province was local wiping,primarily with clean water(57.21％).The primary method for hair removal was razors(68.82％),and hair removal on the day of surgery was most common(61.75％).CONCLUSIONS Conduc-ting a survey on the current status of"Perioperative Infection Control"initiative monitoring indicators in medi-cal institutions in Guizhou Province helps to understand the implementation of key measures for perioperative in-fection prevention and control and set intervention targets,thus providing references for establishing a dynam-ic monitoring indicator change mechanism.

OBJECTIVE To understand the surveillance data regarding to prevalence of hospital-associated infections(HAIs)in a three-A children's specialized hospital of Henan Province and analyze the change trends so as to pro-vide bases for developing precise prevention strategies and optimizing the allocation of infection control resources.METHODS The data involving the case information,case-time infection rates,infection sites,distribu-tion of departments and pathogens were collected from the children who were hospitalized in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from 2020 to 2024.The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 25.0 soft-ware.RESULTS A total of 460,516 children who were hospitalized for treatment from 2020 to 2024,3700 of whom had hospital-associated infections,with the incidence of HAIs 0.80％;totally 3907 case-times of children had HAIs,with the case-time infection rate 0.85％.The departments ranking the top 5 incidence rates of HAIs were as follows:hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ward,ward 2 of hemooncology department,ward 1 of hemooncology department,ward of rehabilitation center,neonatal surgery department.The lower respiratory tract was the major infection site,accounting for 41.13％.The children who had respiratory system infections accounted for 65.29％.The gram-negative bacteria were dominant among the pathogens causing the HAIs,accounting for 48.15％;the percentage of viruses showed an upward trend.CONCLUSIONS The incidence of HAIs shows fluctu-ating downward trend.It is necessary to further strengthen the refined management and take targeted infection prevention and control measures for the departments at high risk of HAIs and the high-risk links so as to continu-ously improve the medical quality and safety.

Objective:To explore the correlation between ultrasonic SWE, blood flow quantitative parameters and the expression levels of MYB-associated protein B (MYBL2) and metastasis-associated 1 (MTA1) in breast cancer tissue.Methods:92 patients with breast cancer diagnosed and treated in our hospital from Jan. 2022 to Dec. 2023 were selected as the study objects, all of whom underwent ultrasonic SWE and blood flow imaging examination. Furthermore, the expression levels of MYBL2 and MTA1 in cancer tissues were detected, and the correlation between ultrasonic SWE and blood flow quantitative parameters and the expression levels of MYBL2 and MTA1 was analyzed.Results:The difference between maximum elastic modulus (Emax) and mean elastic modulus (E mean) in breast cancer patients with different lesion diameters and clinical stages was statistically significant (lesion diameters: t=4.561, 7.347; Clinical stage: t=4.218, 7.554, P<0.001) ; There were statistically significant differences in maximum blood flow velocity (V max), resistance index (RI), pulse index (PI) among breast cancer patients with different clinical stages, differentiation degrees and lymph node metastasis (clinical stage: t=7.055, 3.774, 3.877; Differentiation degree: F=26.830, 21.052, 20.412; Lymph node metastasis: t=7.425, 3.685, 4.956, P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in E max, E mean, V max, RI and PI among breast cancer patients with different expression levels of MYBL2 and MTA1 (MYBL2: t=4.042, 10.672, 7.471, 6.137, 5.777; MTA1: t=5.968, 10.470, 8.098, 10.238, 7.565, P<0.001). By Spearman correlation analysis, E max and E mean were positively correlated with lesion diameter, clinical stage, MYBL2 expression level and MTA1 expression level ( P<0.001) ; V max, RI and PI were positively correlated with clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, MYBL2 expression level and MTA1 expression level, and negatively correlated with differentiation degree ( P<0.001) . Conclusion:The expression levels of MYBL2 and MTA1 in breast cancer tissue are correlated with the ultrasonic shear wave elastography and blood flow quantitative parameters, which can be used as an important reference index for clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.

Objective:To explore the correlation between ultrasonic SWE, blood flow quantitative parameters and the expression levels of MYB-associated protein B (MYBL2) and metastasis-associated 1 (MTA1) in breast cancer tissue.Methods:92 patients with breast cancer diagnosed and treated in our hospital from Jan. 2022 to Dec. 2023 were selected as the study objects, all of whom underwent ultrasonic SWE and blood flow imaging examination. Furthermore, the expression levels of MYBL2 and MTA1 in cancer tissues were detected, and the correlation between ultrasonic SWE and blood flow quantitative parameters and the expression levels of MYBL2 and MTA1 was analyzed.Results:The difference between maximum elastic modulus (Emax) and mean elastic modulus (E mean) in breast cancer patients with different lesion diameters and clinical stages was statistically significant (lesion diameters: t=4.561, 7.347; Clinical stage: t=4.218, 7.554, P<0.001) ; There were statistically significant differences in maximum blood flow velocity (V max), resistance index (RI), pulse index (PI) among breast cancer patients with different clinical stages, differentiation degrees and lymph node metastasis (clinical stage: t=7.055, 3.774, 3.877; Differentiation degree: F=26.830, 21.052, 20.412; Lymph node metastasis: t=7.425, 3.685, 4.956, P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in E max, E mean, V max, RI and PI among breast cancer patients with different expression levels of MYBL2 and MTA1 (MYBL2: t=4.042, 10.672, 7.471, 6.137, 5.777; MTA1: t=5.968, 10.470, 8.098, 10.238, 7.565, P<0.001). By Spearman correlation analysis, E max and E mean were positively correlated with lesion diameter, clinical stage, MYBL2 expression level and MTA1 expression level ( P<0.001) ; V max, RI and PI were positively correlated with clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, MYBL2 expression level and MTA1 expression level, and negatively correlated with differentiation degree ( P<0.001) . Conclusion:The expression levels of MYBL2 and MTA1 in breast cancer tissue are correlated with the ultrasonic shear wave elastography and blood flow quantitative parameters, which can be used as an important reference index for clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.

Objective To compare the contents of alkaloid in Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix with different degrees of processing and their effects on electrocardiogram and vagus nerve action potential in SD rats;To establish a toxicity evaluation method for Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix and its processed products.Methods HPLC was used to determine the contents of six alkaloid components,including benzoyl neoaconitine,benzoyl aconitine,benzoyl subeaconitine,neoaconitine,subeaconitine and aconitine in Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix and Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix Cocta of soaking and boiled for 30 minutes,boiled for 4 h without soaking,soaking and boiled for 4 h,and soaking and boiled for 8 h.SD rats were subjected to sublingual drainage with Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix and four types of processed products.The vagus nerve action potential and electrocardiogram of rats before and after administration were recorded,and the correlation analysis between alkaloid content and vagus nerve action potential and heart rate was conducted.Results The contents of alkaloid of the four processed products showed that the content of diester alkaloids was soaking and boiled for 30 min>boiled for 4 h without soaking>soaking and boiled for 4 h>soaking and boiled for 8 h;monoester alkaloid content:boiled for 4 h without soaking>soaking and boiled for 30 min>soaking and boiled for 4 h>soaking and boiled for 8 h.After the administration of each sample,compared with the basal discharge,the vagus nerve discharge of rats with different processed products was changed by sublingual administration,heart rate increased,the degree of arrhythmia increased,and it varied with the degree of processing;the results of correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the nerve discharge area and the contents of diester alkaloids and total alkaloids.Conclusion The action potential of the vagus nerve and electrocardiogram of rats after sublingual drainage administration can reflect the degree of numbness in the tongue,which can provide reference for the study of tongue sensation of Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix.

The pre-research of medical device standards is of great significance for the enactment and amendment of standards.This study discusses four aspects and explores how to promote more scientific and reasonable pre-research.Based on the pre-research practice of medical device standards project,this study puts forward relevant work ideas and suggestions.