ObjectiveTo establish a tumor prognostic risk assessment model related to target genes of the miR-34 family. MethodsTarget genes of the miR-34 family were screened， and the scores of miR-34 target genes were assessed in 16 tumor types. Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify the tumor type with the strongest correlation between miR-34 target gene scores and overall survival （OS）. Gene Ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） analyses were performed to elucidate the functional roles and signaling pathways of miR-34 target genes. A prognostic risk model based on the miR-34 target genes was constructed using univariate Cox and LASSO regression analyses. Quantitative real-time PCR （qPCR） and dual-luciferase reporter assays were conducted to validate whether the target genes bind to miR-34 and measure their RNA expression levels in the relevant tumors. Additionally， the risk score was integrated with other clinical indicators to develop a nomogram prediction model for patient survival. ResultsA total of 65 target genes of the miR-34 family were screened. The cancer type exhibiting stronger correlation between the target gene scores and OS was lung adenocarcinoma （P = 0.003， HR= 5.150）. Furthermore， miR-34 target genes were predominantly enriched in oxidative stress pathways and various tumor-related processes. Three genes， LDHA， GALNT7， and SATB2， were identified as core components of the prognostic analysis model for lung adenocarcinoma. Additionally， the constructed nomogram model demonstrated robust predictive performance. ConclusionThe risk model and prognosis model of lung adenocarcinoma constructed based on the key target genes of miR-34 have good predictive performance.

Background Pneumoconiosis remains a critical occupational disease in China. As a major industrial province, Hebei historically faced severe challenges regarding this condition. The 1986 national epidemiological survey ranked Hebei sixth in reported pneumoconiosis cases nationwide. Objective To analyze 76 years of pneumoconiosis data (1949–2024) in Hebei Province to provide evidence-based support for prevention and control strategies. Methods Occupational pneumoconiosis cases diagnosed in Hebei from 1949 to 2024 were included. Five-year intervals were used to analyze incidence composition, dust exposure duration, age at first diagnosis, and age at death. A hybrid model, integrating autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) with generalized regression neural network (GRNN), was employed to predict case numbers for the 2025−2030 period. Results A total of 36107 cases of pneumoconiosis were recorded (2.10% female) in Hebei from 1949 to 2024. Stages I, II, and III accounted for 77.35%, 16.45%, and 6.20%, respectively. Silicosis (55.60%), coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (27.24%), and pottery workers’ pneumoconiosis (8.88%) were the predominant types. Observed trends included a shortened dust exposure duration [silicosis: (12.78±7.063) years in 2020–2024] and an increasing age at first diagnosis [(54.01±7.499) years in 2020–2024]. The case-fatality rate was 14.84%, with a rising age at death [(82.26±9.632) years in 2015–2019]. Three incidence peaks (1963, 1984, and 2014) correlated with national policies and industrialization phases. The number of pneumoconiosis cases showed a decreasing trend from 2015 to 2024. Chengde and Tangshan were identified as current high-risk areas. The ARIMA-GRNN model projected annual cases between 416 and 429 during 2025–2030. Conclusion In the past decade，the number of pneumoconiosis cases in Hebei Province had shown a decreasing trend, it is projected to plateau with no significant decline over the next five years. Furthermore, challenges such as the proportion of silicosis remaining high and shortened dust exposure duration remain severe. It is recommended to focus on key regions like Chengde (ore mining) and Tangshan (ceramics industry). A comprehensive strategy integrating stricter regulation, technological controls, model innovation, and targeted interventions should be implemented to achieve a further substantial reduction in pneumoconiosis incidence.

Background Pneumoconiosis remains a critical occupational disease in China. As a major industrial province, Hebei historically faced severe challenges regarding this condition. The 1986 national epidemiological survey ranked Hebei sixth in reported pneumoconiosis cases nationwide. Objective To analyze 76 years of pneumoconiosis data (1949–2024) in Hebei Province to provide evidence-based support for prevention and control strategies. Methods Occupational pneumoconiosis cases diagnosed in Hebei from 1949 to 2024 were included. Five-year intervals were used to analyze incidence composition, dust exposure duration, age at first diagnosis, and age at death. A hybrid model, integrating autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) with generalized regression neural network (GRNN), was employed to predict case numbers for the 2025−2030 period. Results A total of 36107 cases of pneumoconiosis were recorded (2.10% female) in Hebei from 1949 to 2024. Stages I, II, and III accounted for 77.35%, 16.45%, and 6.20%, respectively. Silicosis (55.60%), coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (27.24%), and pottery workers’ pneumoconiosis (8.88%) were the predominant types. Observed trends included a shortened dust exposure duration [silicosis: (12.78±7.063) years in 2020–2024] and an increasing age at first diagnosis [(54.01±7.499) years in 2020–2024]. The case-fatality rate was 14.84%, with a rising age at death [(82.26±9.632) years in 2015–2019]. Three incidence peaks (1963, 1984, and 2014) correlated with national policies and industrialization phases. The number of pneumoconiosis cases showed a decreasing trend from 2015 to 2024. Chengde and Tangshan were identified as current high-risk areas. The ARIMA-GRNN model projected annual cases between 416 and 429 during 2025–2030. Conclusion In the past decade，the number of pneumoconiosis cases in Hebei Province had shown a decreasing trend, it is projected to plateau with no significant decline over the next five years. Furthermore, challenges such as the proportion of silicosis remaining high and shortened dust exposure duration remain severe. It is recommended to focus on key regions like Chengde (ore mining) and Tangshan (ceramics industry). A comprehensive strategy integrating stricter regulation, technological controls, model innovation, and targeted interventions should be implemented to achieve a further substantial reduction in pneumoconiosis incidence.

AIM: To compare the efficacy of different intraocular lens(IOL)fixation in aphakic patients lacking capsule support.METHODS:Retrospective study. Totally 120 cases(120 eyes)of aphakia patients who lacked capsule support admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to June 2024 were selected as the study subjects and randomly assigned into group A and group B, with 60 cases in each group. Group A underwent subcapsular IOL deep scleral fixation, while group B underwent IOL suture suspension fixation in the ciliary groove. The surgery time, uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), intraocular pressure(IOP), corneal endothelial cell density(CECD), corneal endothelial cell loss rate, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups before and at 1, 3, 6 mo after surgery.RESULTS:The operation time of the group A was lower than that of the group B(24.69±2.69 vs. 32.75±3.75 min, t=11.937, P<0.05). The UCVA and BCVA in both groups were better than those before operation, and the group A was better than the group B(all P<0.05). The loss rates of corneal endothelial cells in the group A were lower than those in the group B at 1, 3 and 6 mo after surgery, the IOP in the group A was lower than that in the group B at 1 mo after surgery, and the CECD in the group A was higher than the group B(all P<0.05). The 3 eyes(5.0%)of the postoperative IOL ectopic in the group A were less than 11 eyes in the group B(18.3%, P=0.023).CONCLUSION:Subcapsular IOL deep scleral fixation has prominent curative effects on aphakic patients who lack capsule support. It helps improve vision, with less operation time, and fewer postoperative complications.

This study aimed to comprehensively examine the association of gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to estimate the observational associations of gallstones and cholecystectomy with cancer risk, using data from a nationwide cohort involving 239 799 participants. General and gender-specific two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was further conducted to assess the causalities of the observed associations. Observationally, a history of gallstones without cholecystectomy was associated with a high risk of stomach cancer (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=2.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50-4.28), liver and bile duct cancer (aOR=2.46, 95% CI 1.17-5.16), kidney cancer (aOR=2.04, 95% CI 1.05-3.94), and bladder cancer (aOR=2.23, 95% CI 1.01-5.13) in the general population, as well as cervical cancer (aOR=1.69, 95% CI 1.12-2.56) in women. Moreover, cholecystectomy was associated with high odds of stomach cancer (aOR=2.41, 95% CI 1.29-4.49), colorectal cancer (aOR=1.83, 95% CI 1.18-2.85), and cancer of liver and bile duct (aOR=2.58, 95% CI 1.11-6.02). MR analysis only supported the causal effect of gallstones on stomach, liver and bile duct, kidney, and bladder cancer. This study added evidence to the causal effect of gallstones on stomach, liver and bile duct, kidney, and bladder cancer, highlighting the importance of cancer screening in individuals with gallstones.
Humans ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Gallstones/complications* ; Female ; Male ; Cholecystectomy/statistics & numerical data* ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Aged ; Adult ; Neoplasms/etiology* ; Stomach Neoplasms/epidemiology*

Objective To evaluate the effects of lysine inositol vitamin B12 oral solution in conjunction with recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH)on bone mineral density(BMD)and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)levels in children with idiopathic short stature.Methods A total of 92 children diagnosed with idiopathic dwarfism at the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College between August 2021 and March 2024 were recruited and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method.The rhGH group received recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH)at a dose of 0.15 U/kg/day,while the comprehensive treatment group received lysyl myo-inositol and vitamin B12 oral solution in addition to rhGH.Growth and development indices,IGF-1 levels,bone metabolism markers,serum calcium,serum phosphorus,and vitamin D levels were compared between the two groups.Additionally,adverse reactions were monitored and recorded for both groups.Results Comparison of growth and development indicators in children with idiopathic dwarfism before treatment between the two groups showed no significant difference(P>0.05).After 12 months of treatment,both groups exhibited increased growth rates,height standard deviation scores,and body mass indices compared to pre-treatment levels,with the com-bined group showing significantly higher values than the rhGH group(P<0.05).Similarly,there was no signifi-cant difference in IGF-1 levels between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).However,at 6 and 12 months post-treatment,IGF-1 levels were significantly higher in both groups compared to baseline,with the combined group demonstrating significantly greater increases than the rhGH group(P<0.05).Regarding bone metabolism parameters,blood calcium,blood phosphorus,and vitamin D levels,no significant differences were observed between the two groups prior to treatment(P>0.05).At 12 months post-treatment,bone mineral density,bone alkaline phosphatase(BAP),typeⅠprocollagen amino-terminal propeptide(PINP),blood calcium,blood phos-phorus,and vitamin D levels were significantly higher in both groups compared to pre-treatment levels,with the combined group showing significantly greater improvements than the rhGH group(P<0.05).Cumulative adverse effects did not differ significantly between the integrated group and the rhGH group(P>0.05).Conclusion The combination of lysine,inositol,vitamin B12 oral solution and rhGH enhances bone metabolism and promotes growth in children with idiopathic short stature.

Objective: To review the current development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the field of transfusion medicine. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the Clarivate Web of Science Database from inception to December 2024 for literature related to AI and transfusion. A total of 4 775 publications were identified. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 133 original studies were ultimately included and analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach. Results: Research on AI in transfusion has surged since 2020 (accounting for 77% of all publications), with China ranking second globally in publication volume. Among the included studies, 69.2% focused on predicting individual transfusion needs, followed by inventory management (8.3%), diagnosis and prediction of adverse transfusion reactions (6.0%), factors influencing transfusion outcomes (5.3%), blood group identification (5.3%), blood quality testing (4.5%), and precise blood volume measurement (1.5%). Additionally, 4.5% of the studies were published in journals with an impact factor greater than 10; 19.5% developed software or applications; 31.5% were multi-center studies; 48.1% utilized decision tree methods, while 31.5% employed neural network approaches; and 14.2% conducted external validation of the algorithms. Conclusion: AI demonstrates significant potential in transfusion risk prediction, decision support, and blood management. However, challenges remain, including limited model generalizability, insufficient algorithm interpretability, and barriers to clinical translation. The deep integration of AI with transfusion medicine will accelerate the advent of precision transfusion era, maximizing blood resource utilization, reducing waste, and ensuring transfusion safety.

Epimedium sagittatum is a perennial herb of Berberidaceae. Its leaves have a long history of medicinal use in China. This plant is widely used as a Chinese traditional medicine，with the main functions of tonifying kidney Yang，strengthening bones and muscles，and dispelling wind and dampness. It can be used for treating kidney Yang deficiency，impotence，spermatorrhea，flaccidity of bones and muscles，rheumatic arthralgia，numbness，and spasms. The chemical constituents of this plant include flavonoids，polysaccharides，lignans，and alkaloids. Flavonoids are the main active ingredients. These compounds show a wide range of biological activities，including cartilage repair，anti-aging，anti-fatigue，cough-relieving，blood glucose-lowering，and anti-tumor effects. Modern pharmacological research has shown that E. sagittatum has definite pharmacological effects on the reproductive system，respiratory system，nervous system，cardiovascular system，skeletal system，etc. It has remarkable effects of helping pregnancy，resisting osteoporosis，controlling diabetes，improving immunity，and inhibiting tumor. Under the background of advocating one health and Chinese medicine，E. sagittatum is widely used in health care products，serving as the main raw material of various products. It has great market potential and is a Chinese medicinal herb with great clinical application and research value. This paper reviews the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of E. sagittatum based on domestic and foreign reports， providing a theoretical basis for further study on E. sagittatum and its safe clinical application.

Epimedium sagittatum is a perennial herb of Berberidaceae. Its leaves have a long history of medicinal use in China. This plant is widely used as a Chinese traditional medicine，with the main functions of tonifying kidney Yang，strengthening bones and muscles，and dispelling wind and dampness. It can be used for treating kidney Yang deficiency，impotence，spermatorrhea，flaccidity of bones and muscles，rheumatic arthralgia，numbness，and spasms. The chemical constituents of this plant include flavonoids，polysaccharides，lignans，and alkaloids. Flavonoids are the main active ingredients. These compounds show a wide range of biological activities，including cartilage repair，anti-aging，anti-fatigue，cough-relieving，blood glucose-lowering，and anti-tumor effects. Modern pharmacological research has shown that E. sagittatum has definite pharmacological effects on the reproductive system，respiratory system，nervous system，cardiovascular system，skeletal system，etc. It has remarkable effects of helping pregnancy，resisting osteoporosis，controlling diabetes，improving immunity，and inhibiting tumor. Under the background of advocating one health and Chinese medicine，E. sagittatum is widely used in health care products，serving as the main raw material of various products. It has great market potential and is a Chinese medicinal herb with great clinical application and research value. This paper reviews the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of E. sagittatum based on domestic and foreign reports， providing a theoretical basis for further study on E. sagittatum and its safe clinical application.

Objective To investigate the relationship between abnormal expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)and lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)]with hypertension-diabetes comorbidity.Methods A case-control analysis was conducted on 342 patients with metabolic diseases admitted in our hospital between January 2021 and May 2024,and they were divided into in a diabetes-hypertension comorbidity group(114 cases),a diabetes group(114 cases)and a hypertension group(114 cases).Another 114 matched healthy individuals who taking physical examination in our hospital during the same period were subjected and served as the control group.Clinical data were collected and serum levels of ACE and Lp(a)were measured in all the groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the independent risk factors for hypertension-diabetes comorbidity,and ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate and predict the efficacy.Results The serum levels of ACE and Lp(a)were significantly higher in the comorbidity group than the control,hypertension and diabetes groups(P＜0.01),and in the hypertension and diabe-tes groups than the control group(P＜0.01).After adjusting for waist-to-hip ratio,alanine amin-otransferase and triglyceride,multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that serum ACE and Lp(a)still were risk factors for the occurrence of hypertension-diabetes comorbidity(P＜0.01).ROC curve analysis demonstrated that when the cut-off value was 39.01 pg/L,ACE had an AUC value of 0.884(95％CI:0.789-0.980),a sensitivity of 76.67％and a specificity of 75.28％in predicting the comorbidity,and when the cut-off value for Lp(a)was 254.33 mg/L,the AUC value was 0.899(95％CI:0.799-0.919),the sensitivity was 85.83％,and the specificity was 82.22％.Their combination improved the AUC value to 0.993(95％CI:0.979-1.000),with a sensitivity of 95.00％and a specificity of 95.28％in the prediction.Conclusion Serum ACE and Lp(a)are independent risk factors for hypertension-diabetes comorbidity,and can be combined together and regarded as biomarkers for early identification of the comorbidity.