Background: and Purpose Ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIA) are associated with a mortality rate of up to 40% in the Chinese population, highlighting the critical need for targeted treatment interventions for at-risk individuals. Although the impact of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene mutations on susceptibility to intracranial aneurysms (IA) is well documented, the potential connection between ALDH2 rs671 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and RIA remains unexplored. Given the increased prevalence of ALDH2 gene mutations among Chinese Han individuals, it is clinically relevant to investigate the link between ALDH2 rs671 SNP and IA rupture. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 546 patients diagnosed with IA to investigate the association between ALDH2 rs671 SNP and the risk of IA rupture. Results: The ALDH2 rs671 SNP (ALDH2*2) was significantly more prevalent in patients with unruptured IA (UIA) than in those with RIA (32.56% vs. 18.58%, P=0.004). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that people with the ALDH2 mutation (ALDH2*1/*2 and ALDH2*2/*2 gene type) had a significantly reduced odds ratio (OR=0.49; 95% confidence level [CI] 0.27–0.88; P=0.018) for RIAs. Age-specific subgroup analysis indicated that the ALDH2 mutation provided a stronger protective effect in individuals aged 60 years and above with IA compared to those under 60 years old (OR=0.38 vs. OR=0.52, both P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of RIA was significantly higher in individuals with a normal ALDH2 gene (ALDH2*1/*1) than in those with an ALDH2 rs671 SNP (ALDH2*1/*2 or ALDH2*2/*2). ALDH2 rs671 SNP may serve as a protective factor against RIA in the Chinese Han population.

Background: and Purpose Ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIA) are associated with a mortality rate of up to 40% in the Chinese population, highlighting the critical need for targeted treatment interventions for at-risk individuals. Although the impact of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene mutations on susceptibility to intracranial aneurysms (IA) is well documented, the potential connection between ALDH2 rs671 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and RIA remains unexplored. Given the increased prevalence of ALDH2 gene mutations among Chinese Han individuals, it is clinically relevant to investigate the link between ALDH2 rs671 SNP and IA rupture. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 546 patients diagnosed with IA to investigate the association between ALDH2 rs671 SNP and the risk of IA rupture. Results: The ALDH2 rs671 SNP (ALDH2*2) was significantly more prevalent in patients with unruptured IA (UIA) than in those with RIA (32.56% vs. 18.58%, P=0.004). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that people with the ALDH2 mutation (ALDH2*1/*2 and ALDH2*2/*2 gene type) had a significantly reduced odds ratio (OR=0.49; 95% confidence level [CI] 0.27–0.88; P=0.018) for RIAs. Age-specific subgroup analysis indicated that the ALDH2 mutation provided a stronger protective effect in individuals aged 60 years and above with IA compared to those under 60 years old (OR=0.38 vs. OR=0.52, both P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of RIA was significantly higher in individuals with a normal ALDH2 gene (ALDH2*1/*1) than in those with an ALDH2 rs671 SNP (ALDH2*1/*2 or ALDH2*2/*2). ALDH2 rs671 SNP may serve as a protective factor against RIA in the Chinese Han population.

Background: and Purpose Ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIA) are associated with a mortality rate of up to 40% in the Chinese population, highlighting the critical need for targeted treatment interventions for at-risk individuals. Although the impact of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene mutations on susceptibility to intracranial aneurysms (IA) is well documented, the potential connection between ALDH2 rs671 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and RIA remains unexplored. Given the increased prevalence of ALDH2 gene mutations among Chinese Han individuals, it is clinically relevant to investigate the link between ALDH2 rs671 SNP and IA rupture. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 546 patients diagnosed with IA to investigate the association between ALDH2 rs671 SNP and the risk of IA rupture. Results: The ALDH2 rs671 SNP (ALDH2*2) was significantly more prevalent in patients with unruptured IA (UIA) than in those with RIA (32.56% vs. 18.58%, P=0.004). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that people with the ALDH2 mutation (ALDH2*1/*2 and ALDH2*2/*2 gene type) had a significantly reduced odds ratio (OR=0.49; 95% confidence level [CI] 0.27–0.88; P=0.018) for RIAs. Age-specific subgroup analysis indicated that the ALDH2 mutation provided a stronger protective effect in individuals aged 60 years and above with IA compared to those under 60 years old (OR=0.38 vs. OR=0.52, both P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of RIA was significantly higher in individuals with a normal ALDH2 gene (ALDH2*1/*1) than in those with an ALDH2 rs671 SNP (ALDH2*1/*2 or ALDH2*2/*2). ALDH2 rs671 SNP may serve as a protective factor against RIA in the Chinese Han population.

In order to accurately capture the respiratory muscle movement and extract the synchronization signals corresponding to the breathing phases, a comprehensive signal sensing system for sensing the movement of the respiratory muscle was developed with applying the thin-film varistor FSR402 IMS-C07A in this paper. The system integrated a sensor, a signal processing circuit, and an application program to collect, amplify and denoise electronic signals. Based on the respiratory muscle movement sensor and a STM32F107 development board, an experimental platform was designed to conduct experiments. The respiratory muscle movement data and respiratory airflow data were collected from 3 healthy adults for comparative analysis. In this paper, the results demonstrated that the method for determining respiratory phase based on the sensing the respiratory muscle movement exhibited strong real-time performance. Compared to traditional airflow-based respiratory phase detection, the proposed method showed a lead times ranging from 33 to 210 ms [(88.3 ± 47.9) ms] for expiration switched into inspiration and 17 to 222 ms [(92.9 ± 63.8) ms] for inspiration switched into expiration, respectively. When this system is applied to trigger the output of the ventilator, it will effectively improve the patient-ventilator synchrony and facilitate the ventilation treatment for patients with respiratory diseases.
Humans ; Respiratory Muscles/physiology* ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Movement/physiology* ; Respiration ; Monitoring, Physiologic/methods* ; Adult

Psoriasis is an incurable chronic inflammatory disease that requires new interventions. Here, we found that fibroblasts exacerbate psoriasis progression by promoting macrophage recruitment via CCL2 secretion by single-cell multi-omics analysis. The natural small molecule celastrol was screened to interfere with the secretion of CCL2 by fibroblasts and improve the psoriasis-like symptoms in both murine and cynomolgus monkey models. Mechanistically, celastrol directly bound to the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) β-chain and abolished its binding to the transcription factor c-Jun in the nucleus, which in turn inhibited CCL2 production by skin fibroblasts, blocked fibroblast-macrophage crosstalk, and ameliorated psoriasis progression. Notably, fibroblast-specific LRP1 knockout mice exhibited a significant reduction in psoriasis like inflammation. Taken together, from clinical samples and combined with various mouse models, we revealed the pathogenesis of psoriasis from the perspective of fibroblast-macrophage crosstalk, and provided a foundation for LRP1 as a novel potential target for psoriasis treatment.

Gelsemium elegans (G. elegans) is an extremely poisonous plant that is widely distributed in southern China and southeastern Asia. G. elegans poisoning events occur frequently in southern China, and are therefore an urgent public health problem requiring multidisciplinary action. However, the toxic components and toxicological mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we describe a systematic investigation on the toxic components of G. elegans, resulting in the isolation and identification of 120 alkaloids. Based on acute toxicity screening, the structure-toxicity relationship of Gelsemium alkaloids was proposed for the first time. Moreover, gelsedine- and humantenine-type alkaloids were detected in the clinical blood sample, and were confirmed to be causative in the poisoning. The most toxic compound, gelsenicine (1), had selective inhibitory effects toward ventral respiratory group (VRG) neurons in the medulla, which is the main brain region controlling respiration in the central nervous system. Gelsenicine (1) strongly inhibited the firing of action potentials in VRG neurons through its ability to stimulate GABA_A receptors, the main receptors involved in inhibitory neurotransmission. Application of GABA_A receptor antagonists successively reversed action potential firing in gelsenicine (1)-treated VRG neurons. Importantly, the GABA_A receptor antagonists securinine and flumazenil significantly increased the survival of poisoned animals. Our findings provide insight into the components and mechanisms of G. elegans toxicity, and should assist the development of effective emergency treatments for G. elegans poisoning.

In recent years, the incidence of obesity has been rapidly increasing, greatly elevating the incidence of hypertension, heart disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and other diseases. Reducing the incidence of obesity has become the focus of global concern. There is an urgent need to find effective and safe treatment method. More and more evidence support the efficacy of auricular acupoint therapy for obesity. It has the advantages of safety, effectiveness, convenience, and cheap. This article intends to discuss the research status of auricular acupoint therapy for obesity based on theoretical development, mechanism exploration, and technical innovation in order to promote the clinical application of auricular acupoint therapy for obesity. At present, with the help of multiple disciplines, inheriting and enriching the theoretical connotation of auricular point therapy for obesity, confirming its clinical effectiveness and safety, clarifying its effect mechanism in the treatment of obesity, and improving the traditional auricular acupoint therapy are feasible directions to promote auricular point therapy in the treatment of obesity, and it can make auricular point therapy have a broader application prospect.

Objective:To summarize the HRCT and MRI appearances of stapical footplate fistula related to inner ear malformation (SFF-Re-IEM).Methods:The HRCT and MRI materials of 48 cases (53 ears) SFF-Re-IEM were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 25 SFF-Re-IEM ears were confirmed by surgery. Their CT and MRI findings including associated IEM type, internal auditory canal (IAC) malformation, tympanic fluid, its density and signal features, and accompanied labyrinthitis were recorded.Results:Among 48 cases (53 ears) with SFF-Re-IEM, 17 ears with incomplete partition type Ⅰ, accounting for 32.1%, 13 ears with common cavity for 24.5%, 13 ears with cochlear aplasia for 24.5%, 7 ears with cochlear dysplasia Ⅱ for 13.2%, and 3 ears with Mondini for 5.7%,were found respectively. 94.3% of them were associated with a defect or dysplasia in the found of the IAC. They were divided into 4 types according to the intact of the stapical footplate and accompanied CSF otorrhea: 22 ears were diagnosed as the stapical footplate leaking, of them, 2 ears might come from the stapical footplate bony defect, 6 ears were from the stapical footplate hernia. 1 ear belonged to the peristapical footplate leaking. 30 ears with the isolated the stapical footplate hernia were another found. The bony defect in 2 ears with the stapical footplate bony defect were not presented on CT and MRI.The focal bony defect of the affected stapical footplate of 36 ears with the stapical footplate hernia were demonstrated, which presented the hemispherical protruding into the tympana, the soft-tissue density on CT, and CSF-like signal on the MR heaved-T2WI images. Among 22 ears with the stapical footplate leaking, their imaging appearances varied from the different amount of the leaking CSF. Besides the focal bony defects of the affected stapical footplates, there were much more CSF-like density or signal in the ipsilateral tympanic cavity in 17 affected ears connecting with the vestibule through the defect area. In the CSF leaking ears with less CSF leaking in 5 ears, the CSF-like cysts like SFH were shown on the stapical footplate defect area, but their outer edges were irregular, and the CSF-like signal scattering in the tympanic cavity did not connect with the protruding cysts at the stapical area.Conclusion:The variable appearances of the SFF-Re-IEM ears based on the different subtypes are its characteristic HRCT and MRI appearances. This is helpful for the SFF-Re-IEM diagnosing to grasp its imaging features.

Aim To investigate the effect of exogenous growth differentiation factor 11(GDF11)on vascular re-modeling in hypertensive rats through regulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway mediated by lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1(LOX-1).Methods Rats were randomly divided into control group,model group(Ang Ⅱ-induced hypertension rat model group),r-GDF11 group,Ab-LOX-1 group,r-GDF11+r-LOX-1 group,with 10 rats in each group.The changes of caudal arterial blood pressure in rats were detected by animal non-invasive blood pres-sure meter;the morphology of aortic vessels was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining;the collagen deposition in aortic tissue was evaluated by Masson staining;the expression of GDF11,LOX-1 and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress related proteins in aortic tissues were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the control group,the blood pressure of rats in the model group was increased,the media thickness(MT)and MT/lumen diameter(LD)of aortic tis-sue were increased,and the LD of aortic tissue was decreased(all P＜0.05);Collagen volume fraction(CVF)value,the expression of glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78)and activating transcription factor 6(ATF6)protein,the ratio of phosphorylated PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum regulating kinase(p-PERK)/PERK and phosphorylated inositol requiring enzyme 1α(p-IRE1α)/IRE1α in aortic tissue were increased(all P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the blood pressure of rats in the r-GDF11 group and Ab-LOX-1 group was decreased,the MT and MT/LD of aortic tissue were de-creased,and the LD of aortic tissue was increased(all P＜0.05);CVF value,the expression of GRP78 and ATF6 protein,p-PERK/PERK and p-IRE1α/IRE1α in aortic tissue were decreased(all P＜0.05).Compared with the r-GDF11 group,the blood pressure of rats in the r-GDF11+r-LOX-1 group was increased,the MT and MT/LD of aortic tissue were increased,and the LD of aortic tissue was decreased(all P＜0.05);CVF value,the expression of GRP78 and ATF6 protein,the p-PERK/PERK and p-IRE1α/IRE1α in aortic tissue were increased(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Exogenous GDF11 im-proves vascular remodeling in hypertensive rats through inhibiting LOX-1-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.