Engaging with the Qur'an, whether through reading or listening, necessitates complex cognitive processing of the written or spoken Arabic language. This activity demands concentration and attention, thereby engaging cognitive functions such as selective attention, Arabic language processing, and auditory perception. The purpose of this paper is to review the effects of reading and listening to the Qur'an on hippocampal cognitive function. A literature search was conducted using online databases: ScienceDirect, PubMed/ Medline, and Scopus. The keywords used in the literature search were “cognitive”, “Qur'an”, and “hippocampus”. This approach included six full-length articles. A manual search of the cited references was also used to find additional considerations for the discursive analysis of each topic discussed in this review. As a sacred text, the Qur'an engages both reading and listening skills and involves cognitive processes that impact memory and comprehension. Regular engagement with the Qur'anic text and its recitation can significantly improve brain activity, memory, and cognitive development. Reading and listening are essential skills for language comprehension and communication. When a person reads the Qur'an, he or she engages in visual Arabic language processing, while when listening to its recitation, the person is involved in auditory language processing. These activities stimulate different parts of the brain, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the Qur'an text.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) case management focuses on maintaining therapeutic goals and improving quality of life. Recent evidence highlights the benefits of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) as a therapeutic treatment in T2DM. However, the relationship remains unclear between the effectiveness of HIIT and T2DM. This study aimed to identify published literature that explored the effectiveness of HIIT on T2DM. We conducted a systematic review of existing literature from electronic databases: Pubmed, Proquest, and Science Direct between 2015-2020 according to PRISMA guidelines. Data were extracted based on the PICOS framework. The methodological quality of these studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool. Study bias was assessed using Review Manager 5.3. A total of 11 articles from 503 studies were included. Eleven randomized controlled trials found that HIIT programmes obtain a clinically relevant outcome in reducing blood glucose, improving glycemic control with a reduction in HbA1c, reducing capillary glycemia, and decreasing cardiac function. This review suggests that HIIT is effective and safe for managing T2DM. The evidence consistently demonstrates that HIIT improves health condition and reduce risk factors associated with T2DM. It is critical to encourage further research to establish medium to long-term effects and cost-effectiveness of HIIT among individuals with T2DM.
Blood Glucose