ObjectiveTo explore the academic characteristics of contemporary renowned Chinese medicine masters in treating diabetic kidney disease （DKD） from the perspectives of principles， methods， formulas， and medications. MethodsIn strict accordance with the Systematic Review of Text and Opinion （SrTO） process developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute （JBI）， an Australian evidence-based healthcare center， the databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， VIP Database， Wanfang Data， and China Biomedical Literature Service System （SinoMed） were searched. Based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria， text information extraction， quality evaluation， and text information synthesis were conducted sequentially. The data were analyzed and presented in the form of text and figures. ResultsA total of 215 articles related to 43 contemporary renowned experts in the fields of Chinese medicine nephrology and endocrinology were included. The study found that the academic thoughts of these masters in the treatment of DKD are extensive， involving multiple levels such as disease understanding， therapeutic strategies， formula application， and medication use. In terms of disease understanding， the primary pathogenesis is characterized by deficiency in the root and excess in the manifestation. It is emphasized that internal factors， such as congenital endowment deficiency， interact with external factors such as improper diet， emotional disturbances， invasion of exogenous pathogens， and delayed or inappropriate treatment， to jointly induce the disease. This further gives rise to various pathogenetic theories， including obstruction of renal collaterals by blood stasis， toxin-induced damage to renal collaterals， latent wind disturbing the kidney， and internal heat leading to mass formation. In terms of therapeutic strategies and medication use， the principal treatment method is to replenish Qi and nourish Yin. Stage-based and syndrome-differentiated treatments are advocated. Flexible use of insect-derived drugs and wind-dispelling drugs is emphasized， along with proficiency in applying classical formulas and drug pairs. Integrated internal and external treatments， as well as the combined application of multiple therapeutic approaches， are commonly employed for comprehensive management. Meanwhile， the concept of "preventive treatment of disease" is upheld， and individualized long-term management of patients is advocated. ConclusionThrough the SrTO process， the academic thoughts of contemporary renowned Chinese medicine masters in the treatment of DKD have been systematically and standardly synthesized， providing a scientific and standardized basis for future theoretical exploration.

ObjectiveTo explore the academic characteristics of contemporary renowned Chinese medicine masters in treating diabetic kidney disease （DKD） from the perspectives of principles， methods， formulas， and medications. MethodsIn strict accordance with the Systematic Review of Text and Opinion （SrTO） process developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute （JBI）， an Australian evidence-based healthcare center， the databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， VIP Database， Wanfang Data， and China Biomedical Literature Service System （SinoMed） were searched. Based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria， text information extraction， quality evaluation， and text information synthesis were conducted sequentially. The data were analyzed and presented in the form of text and figures. ResultsA total of 215 articles related to 43 contemporary renowned experts in the fields of Chinese medicine nephrology and endocrinology were included. The study found that the academic thoughts of these masters in the treatment of DKD are extensive， involving multiple levels such as disease understanding， therapeutic strategies， formula application， and medication use. In terms of disease understanding， the primary pathogenesis is characterized by deficiency in the root and excess in the manifestation. It is emphasized that internal factors， such as congenital endowment deficiency， interact with external factors such as improper diet， emotional disturbances， invasion of exogenous pathogens， and delayed or inappropriate treatment， to jointly induce the disease. This further gives rise to various pathogenetic theories， including obstruction of renal collaterals by blood stasis， toxin-induced damage to renal collaterals， latent wind disturbing the kidney， and internal heat leading to mass formation. In terms of therapeutic strategies and medication use， the principal treatment method is to replenish Qi and nourish Yin. Stage-based and syndrome-differentiated treatments are advocated. Flexible use of insect-derived drugs and wind-dispelling drugs is emphasized， along with proficiency in applying classical formulas and drug pairs. Integrated internal and external treatments， as well as the combined application of multiple therapeutic approaches， are commonly employed for comprehensive management. Meanwhile， the concept of "preventive treatment of disease" is upheld， and individualized long-term management of patients is advocated. ConclusionThrough the SrTO process， the academic thoughts of contemporary renowned Chinese medicine masters in the treatment of DKD have been systematically and standardly synthesized， providing a scientific and standardized basis for future theoretical exploration.

AIM: To compare the effectiveness of foldable capsular body(FCB)with traditional scleral buckling(SB)in the treatment of experimental retinal detachment animal models.METHODS: After successfully establishing rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)animal models, 24 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups(RRD models group, SB group, and FCB group), with 8 rabbits in each group. The FCB and SB groups underwent SB and FCB surgeries for the RRD animal models, while the RRD models group only consists of RRD models without any surgical intervention during the follow-up period. The follow-up duration was 3 mo. Wide-field neonatal fundus imaging system and ophthalmic B-ultrasound were used to assess the fundus conditions before and after surgery. The Icare® TONOVET Plus tonometer was utilized to evaluate intraocular pressure changes before and after surgery. The Eaton and Draize scoring systems were selected to monitor postoperative inflammatory reactions.RESULTS: The retinal reattachment rates in the FCB and SB groups were 87.5% and 75.0%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the groups(P>0.05). The intraocular pressure in both the FCB and SB groups increased postoperatively compared to preoperative levels(P<0.01), and there were no significant differences in intraocular pressure at any time points during the follow-up period between the groups(P>0.05). The intraocular pressure in the RRD models group remained at a low level throughout the follow-up period. The average surgical time for the FCB group was 16.87±2.29 min, which was shorter than 46.25±4.74 min in the SB group(t=-15.166, P<0.001). According to the Eaton and Draize scoring systems, the FCB group had lower grades of conjunctival hyperemia and edema in the early postoperative period compared to the SB group, indicating milder inflammatory reactions(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Both FCB and SB are effective in treating experimental RRD. Compared to SB, FCB is simpler to operate, and also has a shorter surgical time and milder postoperative inflammatory reactions.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)-related hepatotoxicity(ICIH)in cancer patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of cancer patients with ICIH from January 2019 to December 2024.Patients with Grade 1-2 liver injury were defined as the mild group,and those with Grade 3-4 liver injury were defined as the severe group.Results Among 13 patients with ICIH,10(76.92%)were males and 3(23.08%)were females,with a mean age of 67.8±5.2 years.Twelve patients(92.3%)were aged 60 years or above.ICIH first occurred between cycle 1 and cycle 14 after initial treatment,with the highest incidence observed within cycles 1-5.Combination therapy(combination chemotherapy or targeted agents)was used in 10 patients(76.92%).Among the 13 patients,the distribution of liver injury grades was as follows:1 case of Grade 1(7.69%),2 cases of Grade 2(15.38%),5 cases of Grade 3(38.46%),and 5 cases of Grade 4(38.46%).Liver injury types included hepatocellular(38.46%),cholestatic(38.46%),and mixed(23.08%).After drug discontinuation and supportive care,9 patients(69.23%)fully recovered,2(15.38%)improved,and 2(15.38%)showed no improvement.No significant differences were observed between the mild and severe groups in terms of age,body mass index,baseline lymphocyte count,platelet count,neutrophil count,monocyte count,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,lactate dehydrogenase,alkaline phosphatase,lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(P>0.05).Conclusion ICIH typically occurs within 1 to 5 cycles after ICI administration,with non-specific clinical manifestations,which lead to a diagnosis of exclusion.Despite a generally favorable prognosis,severe ICIH can be fatal,particularly in patients with primary liver cancer.Prompt discontinuation of ICIs and initiation of Corticosteroid therapy can lead to timely improvement of patient's condition.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)-related hepatotoxicity(ICIH)in cancer patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of cancer patients with ICIH from January 2019 to December 2024.Patients with Grade 1-2 liver injury were defined as the mild group,and those with Grade 3-4 liver injury were defined as the severe group.Results Among 13 patients with ICIH,10(76.92%)were males and 3(23.08%)were females,with a mean age of 67.8±5.2 years.Twelve patients(92.3%)were aged 60 years or above.ICIH first occurred between cycle 1 and cycle 14 after initial treatment,with the highest incidence observed within cycles 1-5.Combination therapy(combination chemotherapy or targeted agents)was used in 10 patients(76.92%).Among the 13 patients,the distribution of liver injury grades was as follows:1 case of Grade 1(7.69%),2 cases of Grade 2(15.38%),5 cases of Grade 3(38.46%),and 5 cases of Grade 4(38.46%).Liver injury types included hepatocellular(38.46%),cholestatic(38.46%),and mixed(23.08%).After drug discontinuation and supportive care,9 patients(69.23%)fully recovered,2(15.38%)improved,and 2(15.38%)showed no improvement.No significant differences were observed between the mild and severe groups in terms of age,body mass index,baseline lymphocyte count,platelet count,neutrophil count,monocyte count,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,lactate dehydrogenase,alkaline phosphatase,lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(P>0.05).Conclusion ICIH typically occurs within 1 to 5 cycles after ICI administration,with non-specific clinical manifestations,which lead to a diagnosis of exclusion.Despite a generally favorable prognosis,severe ICIH can be fatal,particularly in patients with primary liver cancer.Prompt discontinuation of ICIs and initiation of Corticosteroid therapy can lead to timely improvement of patient's condition.

Objective:To document any correlation between eye-tracking test results and cognitive impairment after a stroke.Methods:Forty stroke survivors made up the stroke group, while 20 healthy subjects without a history of stroke formed the normal group. Everyone was given an eye-tracking test, the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The eye-tracking test results were then tested for any correlation with age, level of education, and the MMSE and MoCA scores.Results:In the static image test and the prosaccade test, the total number of fixations was significantly higher in the stroke group than in the normal group. In the dynamic path test, the ocular motor test and the anti-saccade test, significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the duration of total fixation, the fixation duration ratio, and the total number of fixations. In the static image test, the total number of fixations was weakly negatively correlated with the MMSE scores. Total fixation duration and fixation duration ratio were weakly positively correlated with the MoCA scores, while total number of fixations, total saccade distance and average saccade velocity were weakly negatively correlated with the MoCA scores. In the dynamic path test, total fixation duration was weakly positively correlated with the MMSE and MoCA scores. Fixation duration ratio was weakly positively correlated with the MMSE scores and weakly negatively correlated with the MoCA scores. First fixation duration was weakly positively correlated with the MoCA scores. The total number of fixations was weakly positively correlated with age and weakly negatively correlated with the MoCA scores. Total saccade distance was weakly negatively correlated with age and the MoCA scores, and average saccade velocity was weakly negatively correlated with the MMSE and MoCA scores. In the ocular motor test, total fixation duration and fixation duration ratio were weakly positively correlated with the MoCA scores. Total number of fixations, total saccade distance, and average saccade velocity were weakly negatively correlated with the MoCA scores. In the prosaccade test, total fixation duration and fixation duration ratio were weakly positively correlated with the MoCA scores. Total number of fixations was weakly positively correlated with age and weakly negatively correlated with the MoCA scores. Total saccade distance and average saccade velocity were weakly negatively correlated with both the MMSE and MoCA scores. In the anti-saccade test, total fixation duration was weakly and positively correlated with age and the MoCA scores. Fixation duration ratio was weakly and positively correlated with age and the MoCA scores. The total number of fixations was weakly positively correlated with age and weakly negatively correlated with the MoCA scores, and total saccade distance and average saccade velocity were weakly negatively correlated with the MoCA scores.Conclusions:Eye-tracking test results are significantly correlated with post-stroke cognitive impairment, suggesting that such tests can be used in the assessment of post-stroke cognitive dysfunction.

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles,which not only provide energy and material basis for cells,but also regulate cell proliferation,migration,differentiation,and apoptosis.Cell fate is regulated by mechanical cues from the microenvironment.Recent studies have shown that energy metabolism is regulated by mechanical cues.Mitochondria can act as mechanical sensors and hubs that connect the mechanics and metabolism to regulate cell fate.A deep understanding of the relationship between the mechanical microenvironment and mitochondrial metabolism provides sufficient guidance for promoting tissue regeneration and treating diseases.In this review,the progression in mitochondrial mechanobiology is mainly introduced and its potential applications in tissue regeneration and disease treatment are explored.

Stem cells have been regarded with promising application potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation abilities. However, their fate is relied on their local microenvironment, or niche. Recent studied have demonstrated that biophysical factors, defined as physical microenvironment in which stem cells located play a vital role in regulating stem cell committed differentiation. In vitro, synthetic physical microenvironments can be used to precisely control a variety of biophysical properties. On this basis, the effect of biophysical properties such as matrix stiffness, matrix topography and mechanical force on the committed differentiation of stem cells was further investigated. This paper summarizes the approach of mechanical models of artificial physical microenvironment and reviews the effects of different biophysical characteristics on stem cell differentiation, in order to provide reference for future research and development in related fields.
Cues ; Stem Cells ; Cell Differentiation ; Regenerative Medicine ; Tissue Engineering

Objective:To develop a geriatric nursing core literacy evaluation scale and to test its validity and reliability.Methods:The scale item pool was constructed by referring to relevant literatures and expert consultation method was used to form initial scale. A preliminary investigation was conducted among 40 nurses to form the formal scale, and then 252 nurses were selected to test the validity and reliability of the formal scale.Results:The formal scale consisted of four dimensions and 37 items. The Cronbach α coefficient of the formal scale was 0.980, the content validity index was 0.912, exploratory factor analysis identified 4 principal factors (knowledge geriatric nursing core literacy, skill geriatric nursing core literacy, cognitive geriatric nursing core literacy, belief geriatric nursing core literacy) and explained 73.135% of the total variance.Conclusion:The geriatric nursing core literacy evaluation scale has good reliability and validity, which can be used to evaluate the geriatric nursing core literacy of nursing staffs.

Objective To investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methods After 14 days of the calcium hydroxide training, the cytoskeletal changes of hDPSCs, the expression of β-catenin, i.e. the key promoter of in the Wnt signaling pathway, and the cell localization were detected by laser scanning confocal technique. The Wnt signaling pathways were up-regulated and inhibited, and the osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of hDPSCs were detected by Western Blot and alizarin red staining after 14 days of the training. Results The cytoskeleton of hDPSCs was rearranged by the effect of calcium hydroxide, and theβ-catenin migration from nucleus to cytoplasm were observed. The number of calcium nodules in hDPSCs was decreased after blocking Wnt signaling pathway by Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1). The calcium hydroxide treatment can promoted dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) expression in hDPSCs. Conclusions Calcium hydroxide can down-regulate the expression of canonical Wnt signaling pathway and promote osteogenic differentiation and mineralization and odontogenetic differentiation of hDPSCs.