Objective:To analyze the factors affecting delayed chemotherapy in children with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and their influence on prognosis.Methods:Retrospective cohort study. Clinical data of 591 children aged ≤18 years with BL from May 2017 to December 2022 in China Net Childhood Lymphoma (CNCL) was collected. The patients were treated according to the protocol CNCL-BL-2017. According to the clinical characteristics, therapeutic regimen was divided into group A, group B and group C .Based on whether the total chemotherapy time was delayed, patients were divided into two groups: the delayed chemotherapy group and the non-delayed chemotherapy group. Based on the total delayed time of chemotherapy, patients in group C were divided into non-delayed chemotherapy group, 1-7 days delayed group and more than 7 days delayed group. Relationships between delayed chemotherapy and gender, age, tumor lysis syndrome before chemotherapy, bone marrow involvement, disease group (B/C group), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > 4 times than normal, grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ myelosuppression after chemotherapy, minimal residual disease in the interim assessment, and severe infection (including severe pneumonia, sepsis, meningitis, chickenpox, etc.) were analyzed. Logistic analysis was used to identify the relevant factors. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the patients' survival information. Log-Rank was used for comparison between groups.Results:Among 591 patients, 504 were males and 87 were females, the follow-up time was 34.8 (18.6,50.1) months. The 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was (92.5±1.1)%,and the 3-year event-free survival (EFS) rate was (90.5±1.2)%. Seventy-three (12.4%) patients were in delayed chemotherapy group and 518 (87.6%) patients were in non-delayed chemotherapy group. The reasons for chemotherapy delay included 72 cases (98.6%) of severe infection, 65 cases (89.0%) of bone marrow suppression, 35 cases (47.9%) of organ dysfunction, 22 cases (30.1%) of tumor lysis syndrome,etc. There were 7 cases of chemotherapy delay in group B, which were seen in COPADM (vincristine+cyclophosphamide+prednisone+daunorubicin+methotrexate+intrathecal injection,4 cases) and CYM (methotrexate+cytarabine+intrathecal injection,3 cases) stages. There were 66 cases of chemotherapy delay in group C, which were common in COPADM (28 cases) and CYVE 1 (low dose cytarabine+high dose cytarabine+etoposide+methotrexate, 12 cases) stages. Multinomial Logistic regression analysis showed that the age over 10 years old ( OR=0.54,95% CI 0.30-0.93), tumor lysis syndrome before chemotherapy ( OR=0.48,95% CI 0.27-0.84) and grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ myelosuppression after chemotherapy ( OR=0.55,95% CI 0.33-0.91)were independent risk factors for chemotherapy delay.The 3-year OS rate and the 3-year EFS rate of children with Burkitt lymphoma in the delayed chemotherapy group were lower than those in the non-delayed chemotherapy group ((79.4±4.9)% vs. (94.2±1.1)%, (80.2±4.8)% vs. (92.0±1.2)%,both P<0.05). The 3-year OS rate of the group C with chemotherapy delay >7 days (42 cases) was lower than that of the group with chemotherapy delay of 1-7 days (22 cases) and the non-delay group (399 cases) ((76.7±6.9)% vs. (81.8±8.2)% vs. (92.7±1.3)%, P=0.002).The 3-year OS rate of the chemotherapy delay group (9 cases) in the COP (vincristine+cyclophosphamide+prednisone) phase was lower than that of the non-chemotherapy delay group (454 cases) ((66.7±15.7)% vs. (91.3±1.4)%, P=0.005). Similarly, the 3-year OS rate of the chemotherapy delay group (11 cases) in the COPADM1 phase was lower than that of the non-chemotherapy delay group (452 cases) ((63.6±14.5)% vs. (91.5±1.3)%, P=0.001). Conclusions:The delayed chemotherapy was related to the age over 10 years old, tumor lysis syndrome before chemotherapy and grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ myelosuppression after chemotherapy in pediatric BL. There is a significant relationship between delayed chemotherapy and prognosis of BL in children.

【Objective】 To explore the mediating effect of different organizational climate on volunteer service motivation and work engagement among volunteers during the COVID-19 epidemic. 【Methods】 The Volunteer Service Motivation Scale, Organizational Climate Scale, and Work Input Scale were used to investigate relevant contents among volunteers from Shaanxi, Hubei and Henan provinces who participated in prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic by convenient sampling method. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to explore the correlation among volunteer service motivation, organizational climate and work engagement. The Bootstrap method was used to analyze the mediating role of organizational climate between volunteer service motivation and work engagement. 【Results】 The scores of volunteer service motivation, organizational climate, and work engagement of the 834 volunteers were 72.45±13.66, 24.03±4.65, and 51.59±10.04, respectively. Volunteer service motivation was positively correlated with work engagement (r=0.556, P<0.001) and organizational climate (r=0.604, P<0.001). Organizational climate was positively correlated with work engagement (r=0.632, P<0.001). Organizational climate played a mediating role between volunteer service motivation and work engagement (effect value=0.278, accounting for 47.0% of the total effect). 【Conclusion】 Volunteer service motivation indirectly affects work engagement through organizational climate, indicating that volunteer team managers can improve their work engagement level by improving the organizational climate.

Schizophrenia is a complex and severe mental disorder,the precise cause of which remains unknown.Circular RNA(circRNA),a type of non-coding RNA with a loop-like structure,is abundant in eukaryotic cell transcriptomes.Recent advancements in molecular genetics have allowed researchers to gain a better understanding of circRNA's expression profile and biological functions.These molecules play critical roles in various biological processes,including regulation of gene expression,synaptic plasticity,and cognitive flexibility.Due to its high concentration in the mammalian brain,circRNA is involved in neurodevelopment and the maintenance of neural function.Changes in circRNA levels,both within and outside of cells,have been linked to numerous neuro-psychiatric disorders,including schizophrenia.As such,circRNA has a crucial and distinctive function in neuro-psychiatric disorders.Given its characteristics,biological functions,and regulatory roles in diseases,researchers are exploring the abnormal expression of circRNA in schizophrenia and its connection to the onset and progression of the disease.Among them,exosomal circRNA,due to its high stability,disease specificity,and abundant content,is poised to become a potential biological marker for diagnosing schizophrenia.This article provides an extensive overview of the recent circRNA and schizophrenia research,discussing the possibility of using exosomal circRNA as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for schizophrenia.

Objective:To summarize the effect of Chinese Children′s Cancer Group (CCCG) Wilms tumor (WT)-2015 protocol.Methods:This was a prospective study. CCCG-WT-2015 protocol was revised on the basis of the CCCG-WT-2009 protocol. Clinical data of 288 children diagnosed with newly diagnosed kidney neoplasms in fourteen pediatric centers between September 2015 to December 2018 were summarized. The age of onset, distribution of pathological subtypes, staging, curative effect and prognostic factors of these children were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival curve and Log-Rank method was used for univariate analysis.Results:Among 288 cases with kidney neoplasms, there were 261 cases of WT, including 254 cases (97.3%) with favorable histology (FH) WT and 7 cases (2.7%) with unfavorable histology WT (UFHWT). The 3 year events free survival (EFS) rate for FHWT and UFHWT were (88.9±2.1)% and (80.0±17.9)%, which were better than that in WT-2009 (81.2% and 71.7%). In the 96 cases of stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ FHWT with indications for radiotherapy, 76 cases received radiation, another 20 cases received M protocol chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, etoposide, gentamycin, vincristine and adriamycin) instead of radiation. The 3 year EFS rate for these two groups were (84.7±4.3)% and (84.7±8.1)%(χ 2=0.015, P=0.902). There were 22 renal clear cell sarcoma and 5 malignant rhabdoid tumor, 3 year EFS rate of them was (94.4±5.4)% and (20.0±17.9)%. Univariate analysis was performed for age, gender, pathological type, stage, whether rupture occurred during operation, whether complete remission (CR) occurred at the end of treatment and radiotherapy. Pathological types (χ 2=44.329, P<0.01) and failure to achieve CR at the end of the treatment (χ 2=49.459, P<0.01) were independent factor for predicting survival. Conclusion:Compared with CCCG-WT-2009, treatment of renal tumors in CCCG-WT-2015 study yielded good survival outcome, which can be further applied.

Shenkang injection (SKI) is a classic prescription composed of Radix Astragali, rhubarb, Astragalus, Safflower, and Salvia. This treatment was approved by the State Food and Drug Administration of China in 1999 for treatment of chronic kidney diseases based on good efficacy and safety. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of SKI against high glucose (HG)-induced renal tubular cell senescence and its underlying mechanism. Primary renal proximal tubule epithelial cells were cultured in (1) control medium (control group), medium containing 5 mmol/L glucose; (2) mannitol medium (mannitol group), medium containing 5 mmol/L glucose, and 25 mmol/L mannitol; (3) HG medium (HG group) containing 30 mmol/L glucose; (4) SKI treatment at high (200 mg/L), medium (100 mg/L), or low (50 mg/L) concentration in HG medium (HG + SKI group); or (5) 200 mg/L SKI treatment in control medium (control + SKI group) for 72 h. HG-induced senescent cells showed the emergence of senescence associated heterochromatin foci, up-regulation of P16 and cyclin D1, increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and elevated expression of membrane decoy receptor 2. SKI treatment potently prevented these changes in a dose-independent manner. SKI treatment prevented HG-induced up-regulation of pro-senescence molecule mammalian target of rapamycin and p66Shc and down-regulation of anti-senescence molecules klotho, sirt1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-g in renal tubular epithelial cells. SKI may be a novel strategy for protecting against HG-induced renal tubular cell senescence in treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Senescence ; drug effects ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; metabolism ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Glucose ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal ; physiopathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Objective To study the effect of diosgenin(Dio) from Dioscorea nipponica on the proliferation in mouse spleen T lymphocytes and expressions of IL-2 and IFN-γmRNA,in order to investigate the immunity regulatory mechanism of Dio.Methods T lymphocytes stimulated by different concentrations of Dio and concanavalin A(ConA) were co-cultured.CCK-8 was used to detect the Dio effects on T lymphocyte proliferation.The RT-PCR method was adopted to detect the effect of Dio on expression of IL-2 and IFN-γmRNA.Results The Dio concentration in the range of 0.937 5-15.000 0 μg/mL had the inhibiting effect on T lymphocyte proliferation,Dio concentration in the range of 3.750 0-15.000 0μg/mL had the inhibiting effect on IFN-γ and IL-2 expression in T lymphocytes.With the Dio concentration increase,the inhibition effect was enhanced(P＜0.05).7.500 0 μg/mL was the best inhibition concentration.The inhibition effect was decreased when the concentration exceeding 7.500 0 μg/mL.Conclusion Dio has the inhibiting effect on T lymphocyte proliferation and expressions of IL-2 and IFN-γ mRNA.

Objective: To explore the prognosis and risk factors of pyelectasis in high-risk infants. Methods: This was a retrospective study. Totally 960 high-risk infants, who accepted type B ultrasonic examination for fetus at 28th week of gestation and for newborns in 48 hours after birth, were included in the study in departments of obstetrics and eonatology, Shunyi Maternal and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital during May 2012 to April 2013. The degree of pyelectasis was classified using Grignon grade and the paients were followed up for 3 years. The factors of epidemiology, high risk pregnant women, fetus and high-risk newborns that relate to pyelectasis were summarized. High-risk factors were analyzed by using logistic multivariate regression analysis. Results: Of 960 high-risk infants, 103 had abnormal urinary ultrasound results, 87 (9.1% of high-risk infants) were diagnosed with pyelectasis, 16 (1.7% of high-risk infants) were diagnosed with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. According to the degree of pyelectasis, 68 infants were Grignon grade Ⅰ, male:female ratio=5.8∶1, left side:right side ratio=1.91∶1; 19 infants were Grignon grade Ⅱ, male:female ratio=5.33∶1, left side:right side ratio=2.12∶1. Postnatal follow-up results showed that pyelectasis disappeared in 48 cases (55% of pyelectasis cae), 40 infants were Grignon grade Ⅰ (59% of all Grignon grade Ⅰ patients), 8 infants were Grignon grade Ⅱ (42% of all Grignon grade Ⅱ patients); The result of risk factors analysis showed that the risk of pyelectasis in males was 4.368 times that of females (95%CI: 2.33-8.189, P<0.05); the risk of pyelectasis in low birth weight infants was 22.434 times that of non low birth weight infants (95% CI: 5.883-85.547, P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of pyelectasis in high-risk infants was 9.1%. The mitigation rate of pyelectasis in Grignon grade Ⅰ to Ⅱ in fetal or newborn period is high. Patients in Grignon grade Ⅲ and above in fetal or new born period had high risk of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. The risk of pyelectasis of male was higher than that of female; the risk of pyelectasis of low birth weight infant was higher than appropriate for gestational age infants.

Objective To investigate the effects of CORM-2 via p38 mitogeu-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) signaling pathway on the expression of the mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fisl) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse pulmonary macrophages.Methods The rat subculture alveolar macrophages were seeded on 96 well plates with 2 × 105/ml densities.After 24 hours of culture,it was divided into 4 groups by random number table method:normal control group (group C),group LPS (group L),CO releasing agent CORM-2 + LPS group (group LC),p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 + CORM-2 + LPS group (group LCS).When the cells were incubated for 24 hours,the mitochondrial MDA content and SOD activity were determined by ELISA kit,the levels of HO-1、mitochondrial fission protein Fis1 and p38 were determined by Western blot,the expressions of HO-1 and mitochondrial fission protein Fis1 were detected by RT-PCR.Results Compared with the C group,the levels of MDA [(2.43 ±0.12) vs.(3.59 ±0.07)],HO-1 [(1.31±0.27) vs.(1.65±0.41)],Fis1 [(1.27±0.23) vs.(1.65±0.41)] andp38 [(1.01 ±0.24) vs.(1.36 ±0.17)] in group L were increased,and the activity of SOD [(81.7 ± 1.62) vs.(54.7 ± 1.62)] was decreased (P ＜ 0.05);Compared with the group L,the MDA content [(3.59 ± 0.07) vs.(3.08 ±0.52)] and the level of Fis1 [(2.01 ±0.35) vs.(1.48 ±0.39)] in group LC were down-regulated,and the levels of SOD [(54.7 ± 1.62) vs.(67.4 ± 1.32)]、and the expressions of HO-1 [(1.65±0.41)vs.(2.25±0.18)] andp38 [(1.36±0.17) vs.(1.78±0.23)] wereup-regulated (P ＜0.05).Compared with the group LC,the MDA content [(3.08 ±0.52) vs.(4.16 ±0.19)] and the expression of Fis1 [(1.48 ±0.39) vs.(1.96 ±0.31)] in group LCS were increased,and the level of SOD [(67.4±1.32)vs.(45.9±1.52)]、and the expressions of HO-1 [(2.25±0.18)vs.(1.78± 0.19)] and p38 [(1.78 ±0.23) vs.(1.12 ±0.29)] were decreased (P ＜0.05).Conclusions HO-1/CO system inhibits the expression of Fis1 in LPS-induced lung macrophages,which may be regulated by p38MAPK signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the relationship between benign paroxysmal positional dizziness (BPPV) and cerebrovascular disease and to promotethe practice of evidence bases medicinein thediagnosis,treatment and recurrenceprevention of BPPV in the elderly.Methods A total of 80 elderly patients were consecutively recruited from the Dizziness Outpatient Clinic from January 2013 to June,2014,with 80 non-BPPV elderly individuals receiving routine physical checkups during the same period serving as the control group.Clinical characteristics,lab test results and imaging data were compared between the two groups.Single factor and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors for BPPV in the elderly.Results The experimental group showed higher rates of lacunar infarction,leukoaraiosis and intracranial artery stenosis than the control group(x2 =10.180,4.606 and 3.956,respectively;P=0.001,0.032 and 0.047,respectively).The prevalences of hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes were higher in the BPPV group than in the control group(x2 5.013 and 6.041,respectively;P=0.025 and 0.014,respectively).Differences in number of carotid atherosclerotic plaque cases,total cholesterol,triglyceride,homocysteine and uric were found between the two groups (x2 =11.237,t=2.862,2.230 and 4.270,respectively;P=0.001,0.005,0.027 and 0.000,respectively).Multivariate logistic regression analysisfound that blood uric acid,hyperglycemia,type 2 diabetes and hypertension were independent risk factors for BPPV (OR=1.006,7.104,3.152 and 3.273,respectively;P=0.005,0.000,0.004 and 0.002,respectively).The existence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques also increased the risk of BPPV (OR =384.570,95 ％ CI:46.935～ 3151.055,P =0.000).Conclusions BPPV in the elderlyis closely associated with cerebrovascular disease and its risk factors.Therefore,it is of great clinical significance to assess cerebrovascular function and carotid atherosclerotic plaque development for improved prognosis and effective prevention of recurrence of BPPV in the elderly.

Objective To evaluate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the viability of rat alveolar macrophages.Methods The rat alveolar macrophages were seeded in 96-well plate at a density of 4× 104/ml.After being cultured for 24 h, the cells were randomly divided into 6 groups (n =5 each) using a random number table : control group (group C), LPS 0.1 μg/ml group (group LPS0.1), LPS 1.0 μg/ml group (group LPS1.0), LPS 10.0 μg/ml group (group LPS10), LPS 5.0 μg/ml group (group LPS50), and LPS 100.0 μg/ml group (group LPS100).Phosphate buffer solution was added to the culture medium in group C, and LPS with the final concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, 10, 50.0 and 100.0 μg/ml were added to the culture medium in LPS0.1, LPS1.0, LPS10, LPS50, and LPS100 groups, respectively.At 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after addition of PBS or LPS, the cell viability was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay.Results Compared with group C, the viability of alveolar macrophages was significantly increased at 6 and 12 h after addition of LPS in the other five groups , and was decreased at 24 and 48 h after addition of LPS in groups LPS50and LPS100 (P＜0.05), and no significant change was found in LPS0.1, LPSL0 and LPS10 groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Incubation with LPS 0.1-100.0 μg/ml for less than 12 h can enhance the viability of rat alveolar macrophages;incubation with LPS with the concentration ≥ 50.0 μg/ml for more than 24 h can decrease the cell viability.