Objective To establish an "human serum - porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC) - human platelets" in vitro model and explore the mechanism of xenotransplantation-related coagulation dysfunction mediated by immune complexes - platelet FcγRⅡa (CD32a) receptor. Methods Healthy human serum was co-incubated with PAEC to prepare the supernatant containing immune complexes, which was then used to stimulate healthy human platelets, or directly treated with the serum of xenogeneic liver transplant recipients. Flow cytometry was used to detect platelet activation markers CD62P and surface IgG binding levels, and the platelet adhesion function was evaluated by platelet-PAEC adhesion experiments. CD32a blocking antibody IV.3 and SYK blocker SKYIN 4 were used to clarify the signaling pathways. Results The supernatant from the co-incubation of healthy human serum and PAEC could significantly induce platelet activation and endothelial adhesion. The use of the serum from xenogeneic liver transplant recipients could also significantly induce platelet activation. Antibody IV.3 and SYK blocker SKYIN 4 could significantly inhibit these effects. Conclusions In xenotransplantation, the immune complexes formed by human serum antibodies and porcine endothelial antigens may induce abnormal platelet activation through the platelet CD32a receptor, which is an important mechanism of non-complement-dependent post-transplant coagulation dysfunction, providing a new target for the intervention of coagulation complications in xenotransplantation.

BACKGROUND: Previous evidence showed that ambient air pollution and cardiovascular mortality are related. However, there is a lack of evidence towards the modification effect of long-term lifestyle on the association between short-term ambient air pollution and death from cardiovascular events. METHOD: A total of 14,609 death from major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were identified among the China Kadoorie Biobank participants from 2013 to 2018. Ambient air pollution exposure including particulate matter 2.5 (PM_2.5), SO₂, NO₂, CO, and O₃ from the same period were obtained from space-time model reconstructions based on remote sensing data. Case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression was applied to estimate the effect of short-term exposure to air pollutants on MACE mortality. RESULTS: We found MACE mortality was significantly associated with PM_2.5 (relative percent increase 2.91% per 10 µg/m³ increase, 95% CI 1.32-4.53), NO₂ (5.37% per 10 µg/m³ increase, 95% CI 1.56-9.33), SO₂ (6.82% per 10 µg/m³ increase, 95% CI 2.99-10.80), and CO (2.24% per 0.1 mg/m³ increase, 95% CI 1.02-3.48). Stratified analyses indicated that drinking was associated with elevated risk of MACE mortality with NO₂ and SO₂ exposure; physical inactivity was associated with higher risk of death from MACE when exposed to PM_2.5; and people who had balanced diet had lower risk of MACE mortality when exposed to CO and NO₂. CONCLUSIONS The study results showed that short-term exposure to ambient PM_2.5, NO₂, SO₂, and CO would aggravate the risk of cardiovascular mortality, yet healthy lifestyle conduct might mitigate such negative impact to some extent.
Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Male ; Female ; Air Pollution/adverse effects* ; Middle Aged ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Particulate Matter/analysis* ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects* ; Life Style ; Aged ; Adult ; Risk Factors ; Cross-Over Studies ; East Asian People

Allergen-specific immunotherapy（AIT） remains the only therapeutic approach with the potential to modify the natural course of allergic rhinitis（AR）. Nevertheless, considerable inter-individual variability exists in patients'responses to AIT. To facilitate more reliable assessment of treatment efficacy, the China Rhinopathy Research Cooperation Group（CRRCG） convened young and middle-aged nasal experts in China to formulate the present consensus. The recommended subjective outcome measures for AIT comprise symptom scores, medication scores, combined symptom and medication scores, quality-of-life assessments, evaluation of disease control, and assessment of comorbidities. Objective indicators may supplement these measures. Currently available objective approaches include skin prick testing, nasal provocation testing, and allergen exposure chambers. However, these methods remain constrained by practical limitations and are not yet appropriate for routine implementation in clinical efficacy evaluation. In addition, several biomarkers, including sIgE and the sIgE/tIgE ratio, sIgG4, serum IgE-blocking activity, IgA, cytokines and chemokines, as well as immune cell surface molecules and their functional activity, have been shown to have associations with AIT outcomes. While these biomarkers may complement subjective assessments, they are subject to significant limitations. Consequently, large-scale multicenter trials and real-world evidence are required to strengthen the evidence base. The present consensus underscores the necessity of integrating patients'subjective experiences with objective testing throughout the treatment process, thereby providing a more comprehensive and accurate framework for efficacy evaluation. Looking forward, future investigations should prioritize the incorporation of multi-omics data and artificial intelligence methodologies, which hold promise for overcoming current limitations in assessment strategies and for advancing both the standardization and personalization of AIT.
Humans ; Allergens/immunology* ; China ; Consensus ; Desensitization, Immunologic ; Immunoglobulin E ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis, Allergic/therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; East Asian People

Objective:It aimed to explore the impact of differences in employee medical insurance financing policies across various regions in China on balanced regional economic and social development,with the goal of enhancing equity in health insurance financing and promoting balanced socio-economic development.Methods:It selected representative provinces and cities in China's southeast coastal and northeastern regions.According to the DWGM(1,N)model and Gini coefficient,MATLAB software was used to simulate and analyze health insurance financing rates in different regions,predicting the effects of rate changes on population mobility and income distribution.Results:It was found that as contribution rates increase,labor flows mainly into more economically developed areas,gradually narrowing the Gini coefficient gap between cities.Additionally,differences in financing policies exacerbate regional imbalances in health insurance fund distribution.Conclusion:It is recommended to implement a benchmark rate system,raise financing levels,establish provincial and central adjustment fund policies,and explore a health insurance provident fund scheme.These measures would alleviate regional disparities in financing burdens and imbalances in health insurance fund pressure,enhance financing fairness,and support the high-quality development of the health insurance system.

Objective To optimize the processing technology of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.Methods On the basis of single factor experiment,the ratio of material to liquid,frying temperature and frying time were taken as the influencing factors,and the comprehensive scores of appearance traits,curculigoside,orcinol glucoside and orcinol gentiobioside were taken as the evaluation indexes.The optimal processing technology was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface method combined with analytic hierarchy process,and the process verification was carried out.Results The optimal process was as follows:the raw C.orchioides pieces were mixed with the same amount of Evodia rutaecarpa juice,placed in a closed container,moistened until the juice was completely absorbed,stir-fried at 130 ℃ for 6 min,taken out and dried at 60 ℃.For each 100 kg of Curculigo,10 kg of Evodia rutaecarpa was used.Evodia rutaecarpa juice preparation method:10 kg of Evodia rutaecarpa was soaked in 12 times the amount of water for 60 min,decocted for 50 min,extracted for 3 times,combined with the filtrate,and concentrated to 100 kg to obtain Evodia rutaecarpa juice.Conclusion The optimal processing technology of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.is stable and feasible.

Standardised emergency management protocols for hand injury in microsurgery is critical, as it directly determines ultimate clinical outcomes. This consensus consolidates expert insights regarding diagnostic and treatment procedure for hand injury in microsurgery, emergency support protocols and key points of emergency workflow optimisation. It summarises the opinions of experts and puts forward standardised recommendations to guide clinical practice in microsurgical treatment process, so as to further improve the quality of treatment for hand injury in microsurgery and maximise the protection of limb function and quality of life of patients.

Objective:It aimed to explore the impact of differences in employee medical insurance financing policies across various regions in China on balanced regional economic and social development,with the goal of enhancing equity in health insurance financing and promoting balanced socio-economic development.Methods:It selected representative provinces and cities in China's southeast coastal and northeastern regions.According to the DWGM(1,N)model and Gini coefficient,MATLAB software was used to simulate and analyze health insurance financing rates in different regions,predicting the effects of rate changes on population mobility and income distribution.Results:It was found that as contribution rates increase,labor flows mainly into more economically developed areas,gradually narrowing the Gini coefficient gap between cities.Additionally,differences in financing policies exacerbate regional imbalances in health insurance fund distribution.Conclusion:It is recommended to implement a benchmark rate system,raise financing levels,establish provincial and central adjustment fund policies,and explore a health insurance provident fund scheme.These measures would alleviate regional disparities in financing burdens and imbalances in health insurance fund pressure,enhance financing fairness,and support the high-quality development of the health insurance system.

Objective To optimize the processing technology of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.Methods On the basis of single factor experiment,the ratio of material to liquid,frying temperature and frying time were taken as the influencing factors,and the comprehensive scores of appearance traits,curculigoside,orcinol glucoside and orcinol gentiobioside were taken as the evaluation indexes.The optimal processing technology was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface method combined with analytic hierarchy process,and the process verification was carried out.Results The optimal process was as follows:the raw C.orchioides pieces were mixed with the same amount of Evodia rutaecarpa juice,placed in a closed container,moistened until the juice was completely absorbed,stir-fried at 130 ℃ for 6 min,taken out and dried at 60 ℃.For each 100 kg of Curculigo,10 kg of Evodia rutaecarpa was used.Evodia rutaecarpa juice preparation method:10 kg of Evodia rutaecarpa was soaked in 12 times the amount of water for 60 min,decocted for 50 min,extracted for 3 times,combined with the filtrate,and concentrated to 100 kg to obtain Evodia rutaecarpa juice.Conclusion The optimal processing technology of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.is stable and feasible.

Standardised emergency management protocols for hand injury in microsurgery is critical, as it directly determines ultimate clinical outcomes. This consensus consolidates expert insights regarding diagnostic and treatment procedure for hand injury in microsurgery, emergency support protocols and key points of emergency workflow optimisation. It summarises the opinions of experts and puts forward standardised recommendations to guide clinical practice in microsurgical treatment process, so as to further improve the quality of treatment for hand injury in microsurgery and maximise the protection of limb function and quality of life of patients.

Purpose To investigate the fusion model based on MRI radiomics and deep learning to predict the telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter(TERTp)mutation status in isocitrate dehydrogenase-wildtype diffuse astrocytoma.Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of 175 patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase-wildtype diffuse astrocytoma(122 in the training group and 53 in the test group)from January 2019 to June 2021 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.The Cancer Genome Atlas and The Cancer Imaging Archive were performed to assess TERTp mutation status.The edema and tumor regions were outlined on T1c and T2f images,deep learning model were constructed using the SE-Net model,radiomics features of different regions(edema region,tumor region and overall lesion)were extracted,and 11 features were screened by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator to build radiomics model.Finally,the radiomics model,deep learning model and clinical model containing Visually Accessible Rembrandt Images features were combined as fusion model,and the model was evaluated using calibration curves and decision curves.Results Six predictive models were eventually built,with an area under curve(AUC)of 0.815(95%CI 0.738-0.892)and 0.645(95%CI 0.494-0.796)for the training and test groups of the clinical model;the AUC for the training and test groups of the deep learning model was 0.860(95%CI 0.798-0.922)and 0.735(95%CI 0.614-0.856);the fusion radiomics model had better predictive performance than the edema or tumor region radiomics models alone,with AUC of 0.906(95%CI 0.856-0.955)and 0.867(95%CI 0.769-0.964)in the training and test groups;the fusion model showed the best performance,with AUC of 0.964(95%CI 0.929-1.000)and 0.905(95%CI 0.818-0.991)in the training and test groups.Conclusion The clinical fusion model of radiomics combined with deep learning performed well in predicting TERTp mutation status in isocitrate dehydrogenase-wildtype diffuse astrocytoma.