Objective To investigate the expression of serum micro ribonucleic acid(miR)-423-5p and fer-ritin in elderly osteoporosis(OP)and their relationship with hip fragility fracture.Methods A total of 79 eld-erly OP patients admitted to the hospital from March 2020 to March 2024 were selected as the observation group,and 62 healthy elderly patients with complete physical examination records and reports were selected as the control group during the same period.Patients in the observation group were divided into fracture group(42 cases)and non-fracture group(37 cases)according to the occurrence of hip fragility fracture.Serum miR-423-5p and ferritin levels were compared between the observation group and the control group and between the fracture group and the non-fracture group.The difference of bone mineral density(BMD)at different sites between the fracture group and the non-fracture group was compared.The correlation between serum miR-423-5p and ferritin and BMD at different sites was analyzed by Pearson,and the predictive value of serum miR-423-5p and ferritin in elderly hip fragility fractures was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results Serum miR-423-5p and ferritin in observation group were higher than those in control group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The levels of serum miR-423-5p and ferritin in frac-ture group were higher than those in non-fracture group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Greater trochanteric BMD and total hip BMD in the non-fracture group were higher than those in the fracture group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).According to Pearson correlation analysis,serum miR-423-5p and ferritin levels in elderly OP patients were negatively correlated with BMD de-tected in lumbar spine,femoral neck,greater trochanter,intertrochanter and total hip(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis results showed that the sensitivity,specificity and the area under the curve(AUC)of serum miR-423-5p combined with ferritin were 0.786,0.892 and 0.818(95％CI:0.715-0.912),which were higher than the AUC predicted by the two alone and had higher predictive value(P＜0.05).Conclusion The combination of serum miR-423-5p and ferritin levels can predict the risk of hip fragility fracture in elderly OP patients.

Objective To explore the role of secreted phosphoprotein 1(SPP1)and myeloid differentiation primary response 88(MYD88)in morphine-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis.Methods A morphine addiction model was established in Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats.Twelve SD rats were randomly assigned to the normal saline(NS)group or the morphine-dependent(DAM)group.Histopathological analysis was employed to observe and compare myocardial tissue morphology between the two groups.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)staining was performed to assess the number of apoptotic cells in each group.The expression levels of SPP1 and MYD88 were evaluated using immunohistochemistry.Quantitative real-time poly merase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of SPP1,MYD88,Bax,Bcl2,Caspase-3,and Caspase-9.Simultaneously,Western blot analysis was used to detected the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-9 proteins.In vitro,SPP1 expression was knocked down in primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes(NRCMs),and cells were divided into three groups:control(CON),morphine treated(DA),and shSPP1#3+DA.Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay,and apoptosis rates were determined by flow cytometry.Results HE and TUNEL staining of myocardial tissues from morphine-addicted SD rats revealed that,compared with the NS group,myofibrils in the DAM group exhibited partial disruption and a significant increase in apoptotic cells(P<0.05).Western blot and RT-qPCR analyses demonstrated that,relative to the NS group,the mRNA and protein levels of SPP1,MYD88,Bax,Caspase-3,and Caspase-9 were significantly upregulated in the DAM group(P<0.05),whereas Bcl2 expression was significantly downregulated at both mRNA and protein levels(P<0.05),and the protein expression levels of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-9 were also increased.with all differences being statistically significant.In NRCMs following morphine intervention,cell viability in the DA group was markedly reduced compared to the CON group(P<0.05),accompanied by a signifi-cant increase in apoptosis rate(P<0.05).Consistently,Western blot and RT-qPCR results showed elevated mRNA and protein expression of SPP1,MYD88,Bax,Caspase-3,and Caspase-9 in the DA group(P<0.05),along with decreased Bcl2 expression(P<0.05).The protein expression levels of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-9 were elevated simultaneously.In contrast,the shSPP1#3+DA group exhibited opposing trends compared to the DA group,with statistically sig nificant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion SPP1 and MYD88 play critical roles in mediating morphine-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis,and silencing SPP1 has been shown to significantly reduce the extent of cardiomyocyte apoptosis following morphine exposure.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy of a fixed exoskeleton robot with that of an exoskeleton walker in training the balance of stroke survivors in the subacute stage.Methods:Thirty persons with subacute stroke were divided at random into a fixed robot group (15 cases) and a walking robot group (15 cases). In addition to conventional rehabilitation treatment, the fixed robot group underwent daily 20-minute treadmill-based fixed exoskeleton robot training, 5 days a week for 2 weeks. The walking group was trained with an exoskeleton walking robot on the same schedule. Before and after the treatment, the Berg balance scale, the sitting modified functional stretch test (SMFRT), an isokinetic muscle strength test and the modified Barthel index (MBI) were used to evaluate the subjects′ global balance, self-dynamic balance, knee proprioception and ability in the activities of daily living (ADL).Results:After the treatment, both groups′ average Berg score, SMFRT extension difference, proprioceptive absolute error angle in the affected knee and MBI had improved significantly. The average SMFRT extension difference after treatment in the walker group was then significantly better than the fixed robot group′s average. However, the fixed robot group′s proprioception in the affected knee joint was then significantly better, on average, than among the walking robot group.Conclusions:Both fixed exoskeleton robot training and exoskeleton walker training can improve the balance, proprioception and ADL ability after a stroke. The former better improves dynamic balance; the latter better improves proprioception in the affected knee joint.

Objective To explore the role of secreted phosphoprotein 1(SPP1)and myeloid differentiation primary response 88(MYD88)in morphine-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis.Methods A morphine addiction model was established in Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats.Twelve SD rats were randomly assigned to the normal saline(NS)group or the morphine-dependent(DAM)group.Histopathological analysis was employed to observe and compare myocardial tissue morphology between the two groups.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)staining was performed to assess the number of apoptotic cells in each group.The expression levels of SPP1 and MYD88 were evaluated using immunohistochemistry.Quantitative real-time poly merase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of SPP1,MYD88,Bax,Bcl2,Caspase-3,and Caspase-9.Simultaneously,Western blot analysis was used to detected the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-9 proteins.In vitro,SPP1 expression was knocked down in primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes(NRCMs),and cells were divided into three groups:control(CON),morphine treated(DA),and shSPP1#3+DA.Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay,and apoptosis rates were determined by flow cytometry.Results HE and TUNEL staining of myocardial tissues from morphine-addicted SD rats revealed that,compared with the NS group,myofibrils in the DAM group exhibited partial disruption and a significant increase in apoptotic cells(P<0.05).Western blot and RT-qPCR analyses demonstrated that,relative to the NS group,the mRNA and protein levels of SPP1,MYD88,Bax,Caspase-3,and Caspase-9 were significantly upregulated in the DAM group(P<0.05),whereas Bcl2 expression was significantly downregulated at both mRNA and protein levels(P<0.05),and the protein expression levels of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-9 were also increased.with all differences being statistically significant.In NRCMs following morphine intervention,cell viability in the DA group was markedly reduced compared to the CON group(P<0.05),accompanied by a signifi-cant increase in apoptosis rate(P<0.05).Consistently,Western blot and RT-qPCR results showed elevated mRNA and protein expression of SPP1,MYD88,Bax,Caspase-3,and Caspase-9 in the DA group(P<0.05),along with decreased Bcl2 expression(P<0.05).The protein expression levels of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-9 were elevated simultaneously.In contrast,the shSPP1#3+DA group exhibited opposing trends compared to the DA group,with statistically sig nificant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion SPP1 and MYD88 play critical roles in mediating morphine-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis,and silencing SPP1 has been shown to significantly reduce the extent of cardiomyocyte apoptosis following morphine exposure.

OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy of low temperature plasma(LTP)in treatment of the rats with Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA)wound infection.METHODS Totally 20 SD rats were assigned to establish the PA wound infection models and were randomly divided into the LTP group with 10 rats and the air control group with 10 rats.The wound healing dynamics,bacterial loading capacity,histopathology,levels of cytokines and microen-vironment features were observed during the healing process.RESULTS LTP accelerates the healing of PA infec-tion wound,the wound area reduced after the treatment for 3 days,and the inflammatory reactions alleviated;the infection symptoms subsided after the treatment for 7 days,and the wounds became dry and scabbed;the wounds reduced in size by day 15,showing favorable healing trends.Repeated measurement analysis of variance(ANOVA)indicated that there was significant difference in the impact of LTP on the covering rate of wounds(Ftime=10.230,P＜0.001;Fbetween-group=11.340,P=0.001;Finteraction=2.890,P=0.042).The result of quantitative bacterial loads analysis showed that the bacterial loads of the LTP group were lower than those of the control group after the treatment for 3,7 and 15 days(P＜0.05).The result of histopathology indicated that the infiltra-ted wound inflammatory cells of the LTP group reduced,the collagen fibers were well-aligned,and the neovascu-larization and formation of granulation tissues were evident.In addition,the pH value of wound tissues and reac-tive oxygen species(ROS)level were improved after the treatment with LTP,which was matched with the process of wound healing.The result of cytokines test showed that LTP could upregulate the levels of VEGF and TGF-β1,downregulate the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α,and promote the wound healing,with statistically signifi-cant differences observed(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION LTP may facilitate the control of infections by reducing the bacterial colony counts,establish the effective microenvironment for tissue healing,and accelerate the healing of wounds with PA infection by regulating the release of healing-related cytokines.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy of a fixed exoskeleton robot with that of an exoskeleton walker in training the balance of stroke survivors in the subacute stage.Methods:Thirty persons with subacute stroke were divided at random into a fixed robot group (15 cases) and a walking robot group (15 cases). In addition to conventional rehabilitation treatment, the fixed robot group underwent daily 20-minute treadmill-based fixed exoskeleton robot training, 5 days a week for 2 weeks. The walking group was trained with an exoskeleton walking robot on the same schedule. Before and after the treatment, the Berg balance scale, the sitting modified functional stretch test (SMFRT), an isokinetic muscle strength test and the modified Barthel index (MBI) were used to evaluate the subjects′ global balance, self-dynamic balance, knee proprioception and ability in the activities of daily living (ADL).Results:After the treatment, both groups′ average Berg score, SMFRT extension difference, proprioceptive absolute error angle in the affected knee and MBI had improved significantly. The average SMFRT extension difference after treatment in the walker group was then significantly better than the fixed robot group′s average. However, the fixed robot group′s proprioception in the affected knee joint was then significantly better, on average, than among the walking robot group.Conclusions:Both fixed exoskeleton robot training and exoskeleton walker training can improve the balance, proprioception and ADL ability after a stroke. The former better improves dynamic balance; the latter better improves proprioception in the affected knee joint.

OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy of low temperature plasma(LTP)in treatment of the rats with Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA)wound infection.METHODS Totally 20 SD rats were assigned to establish the PA wound infection models and were randomly divided into the LTP group with 10 rats and the air control group with 10 rats.The wound healing dynamics,bacterial loading capacity,histopathology,levels of cytokines and microen-vironment features were observed during the healing process.RESULTS LTP accelerates the healing of PA infec-tion wound,the wound area reduced after the treatment for 3 days,and the inflammatory reactions alleviated;the infection symptoms subsided after the treatment for 7 days,and the wounds became dry and scabbed;the wounds reduced in size by day 15,showing favorable healing trends.Repeated measurement analysis of variance(ANOVA)indicated that there was significant difference in the impact of LTP on the covering rate of wounds(Ftime=10.230,P＜0.001;Fbetween-group=11.340,P=0.001;Finteraction=2.890,P=0.042).The result of quantitative bacterial loads analysis showed that the bacterial loads of the LTP group were lower than those of the control group after the treatment for 3,7 and 15 days(P＜0.05).The result of histopathology indicated that the infiltra-ted wound inflammatory cells of the LTP group reduced,the collagen fibers were well-aligned,and the neovascu-larization and formation of granulation tissues were evident.In addition,the pH value of wound tissues and reac-tive oxygen species(ROS)level were improved after the treatment with LTP,which was matched with the process of wound healing.The result of cytokines test showed that LTP could upregulate the levels of VEGF and TGF-β1,downregulate the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α,and promote the wound healing,with statistically signifi-cant differences observed(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION LTP may facilitate the control of infections by reducing the bacterial colony counts,establish the effective microenvironment for tissue healing,and accelerate the healing of wounds with PA infection by regulating the release of healing-related cytokines.

Background Results of genetic testing for antipsychotic drugs can guide the rational use of drugs in clinical practice and help improve the clinical symptoms of patients with schizophrenia.However,there is currently limited evidence in China regarding the impact of genetic testing results on medication adherence,social function and drug side effects of antipsychotic drug treatment.Objective To explore the improvement of clinical symptoms,medication adherence and social function in patients with schizophrenia under the guidance of antipsychotic drug gene testing results and examine the safety of drug treatment,so as to provide references for ifor precise treatment of schizophrenia patients.Methods Patients with acute schizophrenia who received hospitalization at Dazhou Minkang Hospital from July 2019 to August 2021 as well as met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases,tenth edition(ICD-10)were selected as research subjects(n=144).Based on random number table,subjects were divided into study group and control group,with 72 cases in each group.Control group received drug treatment based on the doctor's clinical experience,while study group received drug treatment based on the results of gene testing for antipsychotic drug.Both treatments lasted for 12 weeks.At baseline as well as 2,4,8 and 12 weeks after treatment,Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS),8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale(MMAS-8),Social Functional Rating Scale(SFRS)and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale(TESS)were adopted for assessment.Result Time effect and group effect of the reducing rate of PANSS,MMAS-8 and SFRS scores in the groups were statistically significant(Ftime=95.251,6.650,14.101,Fgroup=38.055,58.175,128.221,P<0.01).The interaction effect of the reduction rates of MMAS-8 scores in two groups was statistically significant(Finteraction=5.837,P<0.01).The group effect and interaction effect of the severity scores of drug side effects and patient pain scores in two groups were statistically significant(Fgroup=7.553,81.533,Finteraction=8.693,9.322,P<0.01).Conclusion In terms of improving clinical symptom relief,medication adherence,social function and drug side effects,medication for patients with schizophrenia guided by genetic testing of antipsychotic drugs may be more effective than that relying on medication based on clinical experience.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the incidence and influencing factors of depression in family caregivers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, so as to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of depression among the family caregivers of AD patients. Methods: Publications pertaining to depression in family caregivers of AD patients were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang Data, PubMed and other databases from the time of their establishment to June 15, 2023. The evaluation criteria recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used to assess the quality of cross-sectional and cohort studies, respectively. Stata 16.0 and Revman 5.4 softwares were used to conduct a meta-analysis on the incidence and influencing factors of depression in family caregivers of AD patients. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment were also performed on the results. Results: A total of 2 324 articles were retrieved, and ultimately 14 articles were included, with a total sample size of 8 313 individuals. There were 6 high-quality articles and 8 moderate-quality articles. Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of depression in family caregivers of AD patients was 37.5% (95%CI: 30.2%-45.1%). Factors associated with depression included patients' high degree of dementia (OR=1.718, 95%CI: 1.059-2.789), patients' low scores on Activities of Daily Living Scale (OR=1.344, 95%CI: 1.059-1.706), patients' psychobehavioral abnormalities (OR=1.248, 95%CI: 1.155-1.348), long duration of caregiving (OR=1.998, 95%CI: 1.637-2.437), less involvement of other family members in caregiving (OR=1.597, 95%CI: 1.237-2.061), low educational level (OR=1.191, 95%CI: 1.044-1.359), poor caregiving skills (OR=3.060, 95%CI: 2.257-4.149), poor self-rated health (OR=2.536, 95%CI: 1.114-5.771) and social support (OR=0.424, 95%CI: 0.232-0.774). The results of depression incidence demonstrated good stability with no significant publication bias. However, publication bias was observed in the influencing factors for depression, which were patients' high degree of dementia and patients' low scores on Activities of Daily Living Scale. Conclusions The incidence of depression in family caregivers of AD patients ranges from 30.2% to 45.1%. It is primarily influenced by the severity of patients' symptoms and ability to perform daily activities, and caregivers' educational level, caregiving skills, health status, caregiving duration and social support.