Blood transfusion is an important life-support measure in modern medicine. As clinical demand for transfusion continues to rise, blood supply remains under persistent strain, making the efficient utilization of this precious medical resource a critical component of blood management. Accurate prediction of transfusion needs is of great significance for optimizing blood resource allocation and conserving blood products. Traditional transfusion decision-making relies on clinical experience and simplified scoring systems, which are insufficient to meet the demands of precision medicine. Machine learning (ML) technology can integrate multidimensional data—including demographic characteristics, laboratory indicators, surgical information, and dynamic physiological waveforms—to construct high-performance predictive models, offering a new approach to transfusion prediction. This article systematically reviews the application progress of ML in transfusion prediction across clinical scenarios such as trauma, the perioperative period, and obstetrics. In trauma, ML has been applied to early massive transfusion prediction, prehospital transfusion decision-making, and precise prediction in pediatric trauma. In the perioperative field, applications span specialties including traumatic brain injury, orthopedic surgery, cardiovascular and major vascular surgery, and hepatic surgery. In obstetrics, models can effectively predict postpartum hemorrhage and transfusion requirements associated with cesarean section. Studies have shown that algorithms such as random forest, gradient boosting machines, and deep neural networks achieve area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.83-0.98 in massive transfusion prediction, 0.75-0.97 in perioperative scenarios, and 0.80-0.89 in obstetric transfusion prediction—significantly outperforming traditional scoring tools. However, current studies are generally limited by single-center retrospective designs, insufficient external validation, and inadequate reporting standards; limited model interpretability and challenges in clinical integration further constrain practical translation. Future research should focus on constructing multicenter data cohorts, integrating multimodal data, conducting prospective implementation studies, and deeply embedding models within electronic health record systems, thereby advancing the application of ML to optimize clinical transfusion decision-making.

Objective:To observe the effects of shoulder-three-needle therapy plus joint mobilization and extracorporeal shock wave therapy(ESWT)in improving symptoms and pain mediators in patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis.Methods:A total of 82 patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis were randomized into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method,with 41 cases in each group.The control group was treated with ESWT.The observation group was treated with additional shoulder-three-needle therapy plus joint mobilization based on the treatment in the control group.After 4 weeks of treatment,shoulder joint function,pain mediators,inflammatory factor levels,and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate and the score of shoulder joint function in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of serum pain mediators substance P(SP),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and prostaglandin E2(PGE2),as well as inflammatory factors interleukin(IL)-6,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,and C-reactive protein(CRP)decreased significantly in both groups(P<0.05).And,the serum pain mediators SP,5-HT,and PGE2,and the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6,TNF-α,and CRP in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Shoulder-three-needle therapy plus joint mobilization and ESWT has a better curative effect than ESWT alone in treating scapulohumeral periarthritis.It can effectively improve the clinical symptoms,reduce the levels of pain mediators and inflammatory factors,and increase shoulder joint function.

Objective:To construct a biosafety evaluation index system for major emergency public health events in medical institutions.Methods:Based on previous laboratory biosafety evaluation work, relevant regulations and standards on biosafety in China were collected through literature research and expert consultations. Candidate indicators for constructing the biosafety evaluation system for major emergency public health events in medical institutions were selected, and a framework was established. Two rounds of expert questionnaires were conducted to determine the content of the index system based on experts′ evaluation, and each indicator′s relevance and importance were scored. Finally, two rounds of Delphi consultations were carried out, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to calculate the weights of indicators.Results:The response rates for the total four rounds of questionnaire surveys were all 100%. The first two rounds focused on determining the framework, while the latter two focused on determining the weights for each indicator. The authority coefficients of the expert consultations for the two rounds of weights were 0.65 and 0.70, respectively, indicating the reliability of the research results. In the final round of survey, the Kendall′s coefficients of concordance at each level were all greater than 0.1. Through statistical testing, the P-values were all less than 0.05, indicating good coordination of expert opinions. Ultimately, we established an operational biosafety evaluation system for major emergency public health events in medical institutions, consisting of 4 primary indicators, 26 secondary indicators, and 119 tertiary indicators, with additional deduction items, bonus items, unacceptable items, and monitoring indicators.Conclusions:Based on scientific theory, a biosafety evaluation system for major emergency public health events in medical institutions was constructed, achieving the integration of routine and emergency measures. This system can be used for self-assessment of laboratory biosafety during emergency public health events, addressing the lack of unified standards in biosafety evaluation. Through regular self-assessment, it can enhance the level of biosafety management in medical institution laboratories, to realize the value of application and dissemination.

IgA nephropathy（IgAN）is the most common primary glomerular disease，characterized by the deposition of IgA in the glomerular mesangial area. IgAN is a progressive disease with a protracted and relapsing course. Approximately 50%~75% of adult IgAN patients experience renal function deterioration and eventually progress to end-stage kidney disease（ESKD）within 20 years after diagnosis. Among patients with onset in childhood，about 30% ultimately progress to ESKD after 20 years of long-term follow-up. In recent years，numerous studies have continuously explored important signaling pathways and key molecules in its pathogenesis. This review introduces the therapeutic advances in IgAN，aiming to provide better treatment options for clinicians.

Objective:To develop a training curriculum targeting the core competences of neurosurgery nurses, so as to provide a reference for standardized training of neurosurgery nurses and to strengthen their professionality.Methods:Centering on the core competences required for neurosurgery nurses, we formed the curriculum framework based on the cell structure-inspired concept proposed by the School of Nursing of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, and determined the contents through a literature analysis and two rounds of questionnaire-based Delphi consultations with 16 experts. We increased, reduced, or modified the items and dimensions, and finally estabilished the curriculum for neurosurgery nurse training. SPSS 18.0 software was used to analyze the general information of experts, coordination coefficient, variation coefficient, full mark ratio, and mean importance value. Categorical data were described as frequencies and percentages, and continuous data were described as mean±standard deviation. Ranked data were analyzed by using the chi-square test.Results:In the two rounds of expert consultations, questionnaires were both 100.00% returned, and the coefficients of expert authority were 0.873 and 0.888, respectively. The coordination coefficient of curriculum modules and curriculum contents were 0.416 and 0.221, respectively ( P<0.001). For individual items across the curriculum modules, the mean importance value was 3.188-3.938, the variation coefficient was 0.063-0.178, and the full mark ratio was 0.250-0.875. For content items, the mean importance value was 3.250-4.000, the variation coefficient was 0-0.238, and the full mark ratio was 0.375-1.000. The established clinical practice-directed curriculum for neurosurgery nursing training included 6 course modules (anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, neurosurgery patient evaluation and monitoring, neurosurgery disease nursing, commonly used neurosurgery nursing techniques, nursing management, and scientific research basis) and 77 content items. Conclusions:The established training curriculum targeting the core competences for neurosurgery nurses is reliable, which can provide a reference for standardized training of neurosurgery nurses.

Objective:To analyze the application of situational teaching method based on the OBE concept in the teaching of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing course for undergraduate nursing students,and evaluate its effect on their clinical practice and internship adaptability.Methods:The third-year nursing students from 2018 to 2021 in a university in Anhui Province were selected as the research objects.Thirty students were selected as the experimental group each academic year,and taught using situational teaching method based on the OBE concept.Another 30 students from the same academic year were selected as the control group and taught using the conventional teaching method.The course teaching evaluation and course assessment scores of the two groups were compared,and the clinical practice ability and internship adaptability were compared before and after 3 months of hospital internship.Results:There was no significant difference in the course teaching evaluation and course assessment scores between the two groups(P＞0.05).The case analysis score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group(P＜0.01).The scores of each dimension and total score of the clinical practice ability scale after internship in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05),and the scores of each dimension and total score of the internship adaptability scale were also higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Based on the concept of OBE,the situational teaching method is beneficial to improving the ability of case analysis,and enhancing the clinical practice ability and internship adaptability of nursing students.

Dental implantology has developed rapidly for over half a century,since pure titanium(99.7％)dental cylindrical threaded implants were exploited and osseointegration was introduced in 1960s by Prof.Br?nemark.The long term retention rates of 10 years or more are over 95％.However,the biological complications jeopardize the long term effects of dental implant treatment seriously.The prevalence of dental implant biological complications varies greatly among different reports resulting from the disparities on the defini-tions of dental implant biological complications.After analyzing and summarizing the major opinions proposed internationally in recent years,the consensus for the definition of dental implant biological complications has been reached.Generally the dental implant biologi-cal implications can be classified into early stage(before restoration)biological complications and late stage(after restoration)biological complications.The early stage biological complications include acute and chronic infections,pain,soft tissue deficiency,and osseointegration failure,etc.The late stage complications include peri-implant diseases(peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis),soft tissue deficiency around implant,implant loosening and dropping off,etc.The various risk factors related to different dental implant biological complications,the strategies of the prevention and treatment for the dental implant biological complications have been discussed comprehensively,and the consensus has been reached.It is aimed to advocate the dentist to pay more attention to the early prevention of the biological implant complications,to promote more researches on the implant biological complications,and to help elevate the level of dental implantology in our country.

Objective:To observe the effects of shoulder-three-needle therapy plus joint mobilization and extracorporeal shock wave therapy(ESWT)in improving symptoms and pain mediators in patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis.Methods:A total of 82 patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis were randomized into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method,with 41 cases in each group.The control group was treated with ESWT.The observation group was treated with additional shoulder-three-needle therapy plus joint mobilization based on the treatment in the control group.After 4 weeks of treatment,shoulder joint function,pain mediators,inflammatory factor levels,and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate and the score of shoulder joint function in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of serum pain mediators substance P(SP),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and prostaglandin E2(PGE2),as well as inflammatory factors interleukin(IL)-6,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,and C-reactive protein(CRP)decreased significantly in both groups(P<0.05).And,the serum pain mediators SP,5-HT,and PGE2,and the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6,TNF-α,and CRP in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Shoulder-three-needle therapy plus joint mobilization and ESWT has a better curative effect than ESWT alone in treating scapulohumeral periarthritis.It can effectively improve the clinical symptoms,reduce the levels of pain mediators and inflammatory factors,and increase shoulder joint function.

Objective:To analyze the application of situational teaching method based on the OBE concept in the teaching of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing course for undergraduate nursing students,and evaluate its effect on their clinical practice and internship adaptability.Methods:The third-year nursing students from 2018 to 2021 in a university in Anhui Province were selected as the research objects.Thirty students were selected as the experimental group each academic year,and taught using situational teaching method based on the OBE concept.Another 30 students from the same academic year were selected as the control group and taught using the conventional teaching method.The course teaching evaluation and course assessment scores of the two groups were compared,and the clinical practice ability and internship adaptability were compared before and after 3 months of hospital internship.Results:There was no significant difference in the course teaching evaluation and course assessment scores between the two groups(P＞0.05).The case analysis score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group(P＜0.01).The scores of each dimension and total score of the clinical practice ability scale after internship in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05),and the scores of each dimension and total score of the internship adaptability scale were also higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Based on the concept of OBE,the situational teaching method is beneficial to improving the ability of case analysis,and enhancing the clinical practice ability and internship adaptability of nursing students.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of facial and tongue chromaticity parameters in patients with gastrointestinal tumors by setting the inspection image characteristics of patients with gastrointestinal tumors as the main research content;To establish an auxiliary diagnostic model for gastrointestinal tumors.Methods One-way ANOVA,t-test,Mann-whitney U test,canonical correlation analysis and Spearman statistical methods were used to analyze the characteristics of inspection image indexes and correlation of tumor markers of the 391 cases in the control group and 359 patients with gastrointestinal tumors.Machine learning methods such as SVM,Random Forest,KNN,Naive Bayes,XG Boost and Ada Boost were used to establish an auxiliary diagnostic model for gastrointestinal tumors.Results In terms of facial indicators,there were differences in F-R,F-G and F-B indicators among the control group,early-stage gastrointestinal cancer patients,and mid-to late-stage gastrointestinal cancer patients,in the comparison of tongue features among,TC-L,TB-L and TB-a of the control group,patients with early gastrointestinal tumors,and patients with intermediate and advanced gastrointestinal tumors showed a gradual downward trend;the AUC of the auxiliary diagnosis model of gastrointestinal tumor disease based on the chromaticity parameters of face tongue image constructed by Ada Boost algorithm was 0.930.Conclusion The auxiliary diagnostic model of gastrointestinal diseases constructed by facial and tongue images has good diagnostic effect,which can provide objective data support for in-depth exploration of the complex relationship between diagnosis and disease.