Objective To investigate the alleviating effect of jujuboside B (JuB) on acute epilepsy in mice and its protective effect on hippocampal neurons. Methods An in vitro epilepsy model was established by stimulating primary hippocampal neurons with cyclothiazide (CTZ). Spontaneous epileptiform discharge was recorded using patch clamp technique. An acute epilepsy model was induced in adult male C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneal injecting pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) following pretreatment with JuB, and severity of epilepsy was recorded. Mice were euthanized and brain tissues were collected 24 hours after model establishment. The expression levels of mitoptosis related proteins in the hippocampus were detected by Western blotting. Neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions was observed using pathological staining. Results JuB reduced the frequency of CTZ-induced epileptiform discharges (P＜0.001). Pretreatment with 30 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg JuB decreased the maximal behavioral seizure score and prolonged the latency to Racine stage Ⅲ seizures in PTZ-induced epileptic mice (P＜0.001). Compared with the PTZ group, JuB treatment downregulated Bax protein level (P＜0.01) and upregulated Bcl-2 protein level (P＜0.05) in acute epileptic mice. Furthermore, JuB protected neuronal viability in the hippocampal CA1 (P＜0.05) and CA3 (P＜0.01) regions, and ameliorated pathological morphological changes including cellular disarray, unclear boundaries, pyknosis, fragmentation, and dissolution. Conclusions JuB exhibits antiepileptic effects both in vivo and in vitro. It exerts potential antiepileptic effects by inhibiting mitoptosis and attenuating neuronal damage in the hippocampus in an acute epilepsy model.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Neuroform Atlas stent-assisted coil embolization in patients with middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed; the clinical data of 46 patients with middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms accepted Neuroform Atlas stent-assisted coil embolization in First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University and First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2022 to March 2024 were collected. There were 28 ruptured aneurysms (60.87%) and 18 unruptured aneurysms (39.13%). Follow-up was performed for more than 3 months; Raymond-Roy grading was used to evaluate the aneurysm embolization immediately after embolization and during follow-up; perioperative hemorrhagic or ischemic complications were recorded; modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the prognosis of the patients at discharge and during follow-up (mRS score≤2: good prognosis, and mRS score>2: poor prognosis).Results:Coil embolization was successful in all 46 patients. DSA immediately after embolization showed that 41 patients (89.13%) had completely occluded aneurysms (Raymond-Roy grading I), 2 patients (4.35%) had residual aneurysm neck (Raymond-Roy grading Ⅱ) and 3 patients (6.52%) had partially occluded aneurysms (Raymond-Roy grading Ⅲ). Perioperative complications occurred in 5 patients, including 2 with postoperative cerebral infarction, 1 with hydrocephalus, 1 with postoperative pneumonia leading to respiratory failure, and 1 with stent thrombosis during embolization. Both at discharge and 3 months after embolization, 43 patients (93.48%) had good prognosis and 3 patients (6.52%) had poor prognosis. No obvious ischemic complications (such as stent restenosis) or hemorrhagic complications (such as re-rupture of the aneurysms) were found in all patients. Thirty patients (65.22%) had imaging follow-up for 6-12 months: 26 (86.67%) had Raymond-Roy grading I, 3 (10.00%) had Raymond-Roy grading II, and 1 (3.33%) had Raymond-Roy grading III.Conclusion:Neuroform Atlas stent-assisted coil embolization has good short-term efficacy and high safety in middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms, but long-term follow-up observation is still needed to verify its efficacy.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Neuroform Atlas stent-assisted coil embolization in patients with middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed; the clinical data of 46 patients with middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms accepted Neuroform Atlas stent-assisted coil embolization in First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University and First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2022 to March 2024 were collected. There were 28 ruptured aneurysms (60.87%) and 18 unruptured aneurysms (39.13%). Follow-up was performed for more than 3 months; Raymond-Roy grading was used to evaluate the aneurysm embolization immediately after embolization and during follow-up; perioperative hemorrhagic or ischemic complications were recorded; modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the prognosis of the patients at discharge and during follow-up (mRS score≤2: good prognosis, and mRS score>2: poor prognosis).Results:Coil embolization was successful in all 46 patients. DSA immediately after embolization showed that 41 patients (89.13%) had completely occluded aneurysms (Raymond-Roy grading I), 2 patients (4.35%) had residual aneurysm neck (Raymond-Roy grading Ⅱ) and 3 patients (6.52%) had partially occluded aneurysms (Raymond-Roy grading Ⅲ). Perioperative complications occurred in 5 patients, including 2 with postoperative cerebral infarction, 1 with hydrocephalus, 1 with postoperative pneumonia leading to respiratory failure, and 1 with stent thrombosis during embolization. Both at discharge and 3 months after embolization, 43 patients (93.48%) had good prognosis and 3 patients (6.52%) had poor prognosis. No obvious ischemic complications (such as stent restenosis) or hemorrhagic complications (such as re-rupture of the aneurysms) were found in all patients. Thirty patients (65.22%) had imaging follow-up for 6-12 months: 26 (86.67%) had Raymond-Roy grading I, 3 (10.00%) had Raymond-Roy grading II, and 1 (3.33%) had Raymond-Roy grading III.Conclusion:Neuroform Atlas stent-assisted coil embolization has good short-term efficacy and high safety in middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms, but long-term follow-up observation is still needed to verify its efficacy.

Objective To investigate the value of chest contrast-enhanced CT(C-CECT)combined with artificial intelligence iterative reconstruction(AIIR)for bronchial artery(BA)imaging.Methods Seventy patients who underwent C-CECT were prospectively enrolled.The images were reconstructed with AIIR(AIIR group)and hybrid iterative reconstruction(HIR,HIR group),respectively.The overall image quality,the traceability of BA,the sharpness of BA and the diagnostic confidence of abnormalities of BA were subjectively graded using a 5-point scale by two radiologists,respectively.The subjective scores and inter-observer agreement were compared between groups.The noise(SD)in reconstructed images of thoracic aorta,pulmonary trunk,BA and spinal erectors,the contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of the above 3 arteries relative to spinal erectors,and the diameters of BA at the origin,bifurcation and pulmonary hilum were compared between groups.Results The scores of the overall image quality,the traceability of BA,the sharpness of BA and the diagnostic confidence of abnormalities of BA were all significantly higher in AIIR group than those in HIR group(all P＜0.001),all with good inter-observer agreement(Kappa=0.46-0.73).SD of the aorta,pulmonary artery trunk,BA and erector spinal muscle in AIIR group were lower than those in HIR group,while CNR of above 3 arteries were higher than those in HIR group(all P＜0.05).No significant difference of the diameter of BA at each position was found between groups(all P＞0.05),while the consistency of measurement of AIIR group was higher than that of HIR group(intra-class correlation coefficient:0.89-0.94 vs.0.63-0.78).Conclusion C-CECT combined with AIIR could significantly improve imaging quality and diagnostic confidence of BA.

Objective To investigate the value of chest contrast-enhanced CT(C-CECT)combined with artificial intelligence iterative reconstruction(AIIR)for bronchial artery(BA)imaging.Methods Seventy patients who underwent C-CECT were prospectively enrolled.The images were reconstructed with AIIR(AIIR group)and hybrid iterative reconstruction(HIR,HIR group),respectively.The overall image quality,the traceability of BA,the sharpness of BA and the diagnostic confidence of abnormalities of BA were subjectively graded using a 5-point scale by two radiologists,respectively.The subjective scores and inter-observer agreement were compared between groups.The noise(SD)in reconstructed images of thoracic aorta,pulmonary trunk,BA and spinal erectors,the contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of the above 3 arteries relative to spinal erectors,and the diameters of BA at the origin,bifurcation and pulmonary hilum were compared between groups.Results The scores of the overall image quality,the traceability of BA,the sharpness of BA and the diagnostic confidence of abnormalities of BA were all significantly higher in AIIR group than those in HIR group(all P＜0.001),all with good inter-observer agreement(Kappa=0.46-0.73).SD of the aorta,pulmonary artery trunk,BA and erector spinal muscle in AIIR group were lower than those in HIR group,while CNR of above 3 arteries were higher than those in HIR group(all P＜0.05).No significant difference of the diameter of BA at each position was found between groups(all P＞0.05),while the consistency of measurement of AIIR group was higher than that of HIR group(intra-class correlation coefficient:0.89-0.94 vs.0.63-0.78).Conclusion C-CECT combined with AIIR could significantly improve imaging quality and diagnostic confidence of BA.

Heat stroke is a life-threatening emergency characterized by a rapid elevation in core body temperature(typically>40℃)and central nervous system dysfunction(e.g.,delirium,seizures or coma),often accompanied by systemic inflammatory response,coagulation disorders,and multiple organ failure,with an extremely high mortality rate.Among the multiple organ injuries caused by heat stroke,the liver,as the core organ for metabolism and detoxification in the body,is one of the targets that are vulnerable to high temperatures.If not intervened promptly and effectively,acute liver injury(ALI)can rapidly evolve into acute liver failure(ALF),significantly increasing the complexity of clinical treatment and the risk of patient death.In recent years,with the frequent occurrence of heat wave events worldwide,the pathological mechanisms and prevention strategies of heat stroke and its related liver injuries have received increasingly widespread attention.Although basic and clinical studies have made certain progress,revealing key pathological changes such as hepatocyte necrosis,excessive inflammatory response and coagulopathy,there is still a lack of unified and standardized consensus guidelines for the clinical evaluation,diagnosis and systematic treatment of heat stroke combined with liver failure.Therefore,this article aims to systematically review and summarize the pathogenesis,clinical presentation,diagnostic approaches,and treatment strategies of current liver failure related to heat stroke,in order to provide clear diagnostic and treatment ideas and practical references for clinical workers,and thereby provide theoretical basis and clinical guidance for improving the prognosis of critically ill patients with heat stroke liver failure.

This consensus was developed by the Orthodontic Society of the Chinese Stomatological Association to provide a systematic, scientific, and practical guideline for informed consent in orthodontic care. Orthodontic treatment is typically lengthy, highly individualized, and involves multiple factors such as growth and development, occlusal function, and facial esthetics. Rapid technological advances and diverse risk profiles make the traditional reliance on orthodontist experience or institutional templates insufficient to ensure patients′ full understanding and autonomous decision-making. To address this, the expert panel conducted extensive reviews of domestic and international guidelines, analyzed representative dispute cases, and performed multicenter patient-clinician surveys. Using a multi-round Delphi method, the group established a standardized informed consent framework covering the initial consultation, treatment, and retention phases. The consensus emphasizes that informed consent is not only a fundamental legal and ethical requirement but also a key step in building trust, improving patient compliance, and enhancing treatment satisfaction. Orthodontists should clearly and comprehensively explain treatment plans, potential risks, uncertainties, and associated costs, while respecting the autonomy of patients or guardians, and maintain continuous communication and dynamic evaluation throughout the treatment process. The release of this consensus provides unified and authoritative guidance for clinical orthodontics, helping to standardize informed consent, enhance its transparency, safeguard patient rights, reduce medical risks, and promote high-quality, sustainable development of orthodontic practice.

Objective To explore the expression of serum lipocalin-2(LCN2)and latent transforming growth factor-β binding protein 2(LTBP2)in ovarian cancer patients and their relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis.Methods A total of 108 ovarian cancer patients treated in Baoji Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Medical College from February 2020 to December 2021 were included in the ovarian cancer group.Another 108 patients with benign ovarian lesions during the same period were included and labeled as the lesion group,and 108 healthy female volunteers undergoing physical examination were assigned to the control group.ELISA method was used to detect serum LCN2 and LTBP2 levels.The relationship between serum LCN2 and LTBP2 levels and prognosis survival rate in ovarian cancer patients was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors affecting the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients.Results Serum LCN2 and LTBP2 levels increased in the control group,lesion group,and ovarian cancer group in sequence(P<0.05).Among patients with high expression of serum LCN2 and LTBP2,the proportions of FIGO stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ,tumor maximum diameter>3 cm,and postoperative lymph node metastasis were higher than those of FIGO stages Ⅰ-Ⅱ,tumor maximum diameter≤3 cm,and non lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).The median survival time of ovarian cancer patients with high serum LCN2 and LTBP2 expression was lower than that of patients with low expression(Log-rank χ2=5.367、6.305,P<0.05).The survival rate of patients with FIGO stage Ⅲ～Ⅳ,maximum tumor diameter>3 cm,postoperative lymph node metastasis,LCN2 and LTBP2 high expression was lower than that of patients with FIGO stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ,tumor maximum diameter≤3 cm,no postoperative lymph node metastasis,and low LCN2 and LTBP2 expression(P<0.05).FIGO stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ,maximum tumor diameter>3 cm,postoperative lymph node metastasis,high LCN2,and high LTBP2 were independent risk factors affecting the 3-year survival rate of ovarian cancer patients(P<0.05).Conclusion Serum LCN2 and LTBP2 are upregulated in ovarian cancer patients,and are closely related to FIGO staging,tumor maximum diameter,and postoperative lymph node metastasis.They are important factors affecting prognosis and may serve as biomarkers for evaluating prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of a composite hydrogel against hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)-induced oxidative stress injury in the cardiomyocytes,and to clarify its possible mechanism.Methods:The mice were subcutaneously injected with 100 μL of hydrogel.After normal feeding for 1,14,and 28 d,the mice were sacrificed.Tissue samples were collected and subjected to HE staining to observe the histocompatibity of the hydrogel.The primary cardiomyocytes isolated from 1-day-old SD rats were used to establish an oxidative stress injury model.The primary cardiomyocyties were divided into control,H2O2 and H2O2+Hydrogel groups.The primary cardiomyocytes in control group were cultured normally,the primary cardiomyocytes in H2O2 group were treated with 200 μmol·L-1 H2O2 for 24 h,and the primary cardiomyocytes in H2O2+Hydrogel group were incubated with 1 g·L-1 composite hydrogel and 200 μmol·L-1 H2O2 for 24 h.The viabilities of cardiomyocytes in various groups were assessed by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)method.Dihydroethidium(DHE)and 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA)staining were used to assess the reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in the cells.The expressions of filamentous actin(F-actin)in the cells in various groups were detected by phalloidin fluorescence staining;the expressions of connexin 43(Cx43)and cardiac troponin T(cTnT)proteins in the cardiomyocytes in various groups were detected by immunofluorescence method.The apoptotic rates of cardiomyocytes in various groups were assessed with TUNEL staining method.The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2)and Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax)in the cardiomyocytes in various groups were assessed by Western blotting method.Results:The HE staining results showed that the inflammatory cells around the implanted hydrogel were less infiltrated,and the inflammatory reaction of subcutaneous implantation was less.Compared with control group,the viability of cardiomyocytes in H2O2 group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),the level of ROS in the cells was increased(P＜0.05),the expression levels of Cx43,cTnT and F-actin proteins in the cells were decreased(P＜0.001),the apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes were decreased(P＜0.01),the expression level of Bcl-2 protein in the cells was increased(P＜0.001),and the expression level of Bax protein was decreased(P＜0.01).Compared with H2O2 group,the viability of cardiomyocytes was significantly increased(P＜0.05),the level of ROS in the cells was decreased(P＜0.01),the expression levels of cTnT,Cx43 and F-actin proteins were increased(P＜0.01),the apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes were significantly decreased(P＜0.001),the expression level of Bcl-2 protein in the cells were decreased(P＜0.01),and the expression level of Bax protein was increased(P＜0.01).Conclusion:Hydrogel may promote the expression of cardiomyocyte-related proteins by scavenging ROS in the environment and inhibit the cardiomyocyte apoptosis to achieve the protective effect on the cardiomyocytes under oxidative stress.

Objective To map the genome-wide distribution profile of histone H3K27me3 modification in diffuse gastric cancer tissues,identify target genes regulated by H3K27me3,and primarily explore the potential mechanism of its modification reprogramming in the occurrence and development of the tumor.Methods Normal gastric mucosal tissues and diffuse gastric cancer tissues were harvested from the patients who underwent examinations or treatments in the departments of gastroenterology and gastrointestinal surgery of our medical center between 2021 and 2023.There were 14 patients in the normal group(6 males and 8 females,average age of 46 years)and 14 patients in the gastric cancer group(8 males and 6 females,average age of 63 years).Cleavage under target and tagmentation(CUT&Tag)technology was employed to capture genomic regions modified by H3K27me3,and analyze the reprogramming characteristics of these modifications.RNA sequencing data,data from high-throughput chromosome conformation capture(Hi-C)technology,and publicly available single-cell data were integrated to investigate the target genes regulated by the reprogramming of H3K27me3 modifications in diffuse gastric cancer cells.Results The quality of the CUT&Tag and RNA sequencing data met the standards required for subsequent analysis.Histone H3K27me3 modifications in normal gastric mucosa and diffuse gastric cancer tissues were primarily distributed in distal intergenic regions and intronic regions.In gastric cancer tissues,compared to normal tissues,there was significant reprogramming of H3K27me3 modifications,characterized by a marked reduction in overall H3K27me3 signal intensity.The loss of 2 912 H3K27me3 signal peaks might lead to the up-regulation of 822 tumor-associated genes.Among them,56 genes displayed the most significant up-regulation(fold change in signal intensity≥2,P<0.05),with notable enrichment in the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)signaling pathway.Specifically,the methionine transporter SLC7A5 and the cystine transporter SLC7A11 were found to have the highest expression levels in gastric cancer tissues.Single-cell data revealed that the abnormal overexpression of SLC7A11 in diffuse gastric cancer was primarily observed in tumor epithelial cells.Further validation using public data and immunohistochemical experiments confirmed the elevated expression of SLC7A11 in diffuse gastric cancer,which is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients.Conclusion The reprogramming of histone H3K27me3 modification is an important epigenetic characteristic in diffuse gastric cancer.Loss of H3K27me3 signal peaks may up-regulate the expression of SLC7A11 in diffuse gastric cancer cells,and thereby promote tumor progression.