By reconstructing the integrated Chinese and western medicine diagnostic and treatment system， the "Two Reconstructions" theoretical framework establishes a standardized pathway of "classification-staging-syndrome differentiation"， which improves the accuracy of disease identification and strengthens the capacity for full-course intervention； in addition， by reconstructing the modern materia medica system， it innovatively integrates the traditional properties and efficacy of Chinese herbal medicinals with modern pharmacological mechanisms， forming a "state-target co-regulation" precise medication model， and builds a dose-effect theoretical system for prescriptions and medicinals， thereby enhancing both the targeting accuracy and dosage precision of therapeutic interventions. The "Two Reconstructions" theorecitcal framework is a key strategy for enhancing clinical efficacy. It can precisely identify "states" and "targets" for directed intervention， shift the focus of prevention and treatment earlier to enable full-cycle management， establish standardized paradigms for reproducible and evaluable efficacy， and expand the scope of clinical practice to address conditions without typical syndromes and critical illnesses. As a systematic pathway for innovation in TCM， this theoretical framework provides valuable insights and references for promoting the high-quality development of integrative Chinese and western medicine.

Through the systematic analysis of the current research results on the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its promotion dilemma， it is believed that cohort study， as an observational research method， is particularly suitable for evaluating complex and individualized interventions such as traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Considering the design features and relevant practices of prospective cohort studies， it is specifically proposed to carry out prospective cohort studies using a modern TCM diagnostic and treatment system for diabetes， centered on "state-targeted differentiation and treatment"， and framed by "classification-staging-syndrome differentiation". Focused on personalized prevention and treatment， long-term multidimensional assessment of therapeutic effectiveness and syndrome changes， this paper gives in-depth exploration of the advantages and value of applying prospective cohort studies in the effectiveness evaluation of TCM in prevention and treatment of diabetes， aiming to provide insights for clinical researches on TCM for diabetes.

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to investigate the incorporation of plasmid DNA (pDNA) onto a coronary stent by chemo-immuno-conjugation for achieving site-specific gene delivery.MethodsA gene eluting stent was fabricated by reacting with polyallylamine bisphosphonate (PAA-BP) to introduce amine reactive groups on the surface.Then an anti-DNA antibody was chemically coupled and pDNA was immunologically tethered on the stent surface.Radioactive-labeled antibody was used to evaluate binding capacity and stability.ResultsThe presence of amine groups on the modified stent surface was confirmed by XPS and AFM analysis.The isotope label assay indicated that the amount of antibody chemically linked on the stents was 15-fold higher than that of the control stent and its retention time was also significantly longer.ConclusionThe results suggested that a large amount of reactive amine groups were introduced on the PAA-BP modified 316L coronary stent surface.This study provide a potential metal surface modification method that could facilitate coupling and tethering of biological molecules such as anti-DNA antibody and plasmid DNA (pDNA) to achieve sustained and highly localized gene delivery for substrate-mediated gene transfection.