Objective: To evaluates the association between maternal overweight/obesity during pregnancy and offspring risk of metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), providing theoretical evidence for early life MASLD prevention. Methods: An online search was conducted across ten databases (CNKI, Wanfang, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PROSPERO, PQDT Global, ScienceDirect) for research literature on the association between maternal overweight/obesity during pregnancy and the development of MASLD in offspring, with the search period spanning from January 2014 to December 2024. Two researchers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed study quality. Statistical analysis was performed using R 4.3.3. Results: Ten studies involving 10 229 participants were included, comprising 4 cohort studies and 6 case control studies. Cohort studies showed that maternal overweight and obesity significantly increased offspring MASLD risk ( RR=1.59, 95%CI=1.06-2.39, P <0.05), with moderate heterogeneity ( I 2=56.9%, P =0.07). Case control studies indicated a positive association between maternal overweight/obesity during pregnancy and offspring risk of MASLD( OR=2.00, 95%CI=1.68-2.39, P < 0.05), with low heterogeneity ( I 2=48.8%, P =0.08). Conclusions Maternal overweight/obesity during pregnancy positively correlates with offspring MASLD risk. Gestational weight management may reduce the risk.

To enhance the practical ability and job competency of full-time master of public health (MPH) postgraduates and explore a collaborative training mode that integrates medical education with a prevention-and-control approach, in line with standardized public health physician training, the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, in collaboration with the School of Public Health affiliated to Capital Medical University, had recruited full-time MPH postgraduates since 2015. These students were trained and assessed through a collaborative training mode based on the Beijing public health physician training mechanism. Through the introduction and analysis of the training objectives, training process, practical assessment methods, training quality, and results, this article suggests that the construction of a collaborative training mode integrating MPH postgraduate education of public health professionals and standardized public health physician training has explored a new pathway for cultivating "four-certification integration" public health professionals. This aligns with the Chinese national strategy for public health talent development and can alleviate the problems of "contradictions between work and study", including the current shortage of public health physicians at present and the difficulties in standardized training enrollment. In addition, this collaborative training mode provides valuable experience for other medical schools in training applied public health professionals who meet national public health standards and combine prevention with treatment.

Neurobrucellosis(NB)is a disease caused by brucella infection of human nervous system.Imaging plays an important role in early diagnosis,preoperative evaluation,curative effect prediction and follow-up of NB.According to the latest research results both domestically and internationally,combining with their own experiences,a number of domestic relevant experts formulated this consensus to strengthen standardization of imaging diagnosis of NB.

Objective:To study the relationship between the levels of multiple elements in urine and the risk of arsenic poisoning in populations exposed to drinking water arsenic in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Inner Mongolia).Methods:From April 2023 to January 2024, a case-control study method was used to select 128 individuals with a residence time of ≥10 years in drinking water arsenic exposed areas in Inner Mongolia as study subjects. Eighty-one individuals diagnosed with arsenic poisoning were selected as the case group, and 47 healthy individuals were selected as the control group for urine sample collection and questionnaire survey. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was employed to determine the levels of 10 elements (chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, molybdenum, cadmium and lead) in urine. The levels of each element in urine were divided into four groups ( Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups) based on quartiles. The associations between the levels of various elements in urine and the risk of arsenic poisoning were studied using binary logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS). Results:The age of the control group and the case group [ M ( Q1, Q3)] were 61 (53, 69) and 61 (56, 67) years old, respectively. There were 19 and 43 males, and 28 and 38 females, respectively. There was no statistically significant differences in age and and gender composition between the two groups ( Z = - 0.39, P = 0.700; χ 2 = 1.91, P = 0.167). The levels of urinary copper and cadmium of the case group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z = - 2.66, - 2.16, P < 0.05). The results of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that urinary copper was an influencing factor for arsenic poisoning ( P = 0.017). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that after adjusting for covariates, urinary copper and arsenic were independent influencing factors of arsenic poisoning ( P < 0.05). Taking Q1 group as a reference, urinary copper in Q3 group [ OR (95% CI) = 8.23 (1.81, 37.39), P = 0.006] increased the risk of arsenic poisoning, while urinary arsenic in Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups [ OR (95% CI) = 0.24 (0.06, 0.92), 0.12 (0.03, 0.53), 0.15 (0.04, 0.63), P < 0.05] decreased the risk of arsenic poisoning. After adjusting for covariates, RCS did not show a dose-response relationship between urinary copper, urinary arsenic, and arsenic poisoning ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:Urinary arsenic and copper are associated with the risk of arsenic poisoning in the drinking water arsenic exposed areas of Inner Mongolia, copper exposure may contribute significantly to arsenic poisoning.

To enhance the practical ability and job competency of full-time master of public health (MPH) postgraduates and explore a collaborative training mode that integrates medical education with a prevention-and-control approach, in line with standardized public health physician training, the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, in collaboration with the School of Public Health affiliated to Capital Medical University, had recruited full-time MPH postgraduates since 2015. These students were trained and assessed through a collaborative training mode based on the Beijing public health physician training mechanism. Through the introduction and analysis of the training objectives, training process, practical assessment methods, training quality, and results, this article suggests that the construction of a collaborative training mode integrating MPH postgraduate education of public health professionals and standardized public health physician training has explored a new pathway for cultivating "four-certification integration" public health professionals. This aligns with the Chinese national strategy for public health talent development and can alleviate the problems of "contradictions between work and study", including the current shortage of public health physicians at present and the difficulties in standardized training enrollment. In addition, this collaborative training mode provides valuable experience for other medical schools in training applied public health professionals who meet national public health standards and combine prevention with treatment.

Neurobrucellosis(NB)is a disease caused by brucella infection of human nervous system.Imaging plays an important role in early diagnosis,preoperative evaluation,curative effect prediction and follow-up of NB.According to the latest research results both domestically and internationally,combining with their own experiences,a number of domestic relevant experts formulated this consensus to strengthen standardization of imaging diagnosis of NB.

Objective:To study the relationship between the levels of multiple elements in urine and the risk of arsenic poisoning in populations exposed to drinking water arsenic in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Inner Mongolia).Methods:From April 2023 to January 2024, a case-control study method was used to select 128 individuals with a residence time of ≥10 years in drinking water arsenic exposed areas in Inner Mongolia as study subjects. Eighty-one individuals diagnosed with arsenic poisoning were selected as the case group, and 47 healthy individuals were selected as the control group for urine sample collection and questionnaire survey. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was employed to determine the levels of 10 elements (chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, molybdenum, cadmium and lead) in urine. The levels of each element in urine were divided into four groups ( Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups) based on quartiles. The associations between the levels of various elements in urine and the risk of arsenic poisoning were studied using binary logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS). Results:The age of the control group and the case group [ M ( Q1, Q3)] were 61 (53, 69) and 61 (56, 67) years old, respectively. There were 19 and 43 males, and 28 and 38 females, respectively. There was no statistically significant differences in age and and gender composition between the two groups ( Z = - 0.39, P = 0.700; χ 2 = 1.91, P = 0.167). The levels of urinary copper and cadmium of the case group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z = - 2.66, - 2.16, P < 0.05). The results of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that urinary copper was an influencing factor for arsenic poisoning ( P = 0.017). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that after adjusting for covariates, urinary copper and arsenic were independent influencing factors of arsenic poisoning ( P < 0.05). Taking Q1 group as a reference, urinary copper in Q3 group [ OR (95% CI) = 8.23 (1.81, 37.39), P = 0.006] increased the risk of arsenic poisoning, while urinary arsenic in Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups [ OR (95% CI) = 0.24 (0.06, 0.92), 0.12 (0.03, 0.53), 0.15 (0.04, 0.63), P < 0.05] decreased the risk of arsenic poisoning. After adjusting for covariates, RCS did not show a dose-response relationship between urinary copper, urinary arsenic, and arsenic poisoning ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:Urinary arsenic and copper are associated with the risk of arsenic poisoning in the drinking water arsenic exposed areas of Inner Mongolia, copper exposure may contribute significantly to arsenic poisoning.

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), a core transcription factor responding to changes in cellular oxygen levels, is closely associated with a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions. However, its differential impacts on vascular cell types and molecular programs modulating human vascular homeostasis and regeneration remain largely elusive. Here, we applied CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing of human embryonic stem cells and directed differentiation to generate HIF-1α-deficient human vascular cells including vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as a platform for discovering cell type-specific hypoxia-induced response mechanisms. Through comparative molecular profiling across cell types under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, we provide insight into the indispensable role of HIF-1α in the promotion of ischemic vascular regeneration. We found human MSCs to be the vascular cell type most susceptible to HIF-1α deficiency, and that transcriptional inactivation of ANKZF1, an effector of HIF-1α, impaired pro-angiogenic processes. Altogether, our findings deepen the understanding of HIF-1α in human angiogenesis and support further explorations of novel therapeutic strategies of vascular regeneration against ischemic damage.
Humans ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism* ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism* ; Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Hypoxia/metabolism* ; Cell Hypoxia/physiology*

Objective: To analyze the relationship between new surrogate marks of insulin resistance (IR) and bone mineral content (BMC) in adolescents, and predictive value of the new surrogate marks on low bone mass, so as to provide scientific basis for early identification and prevention of skeletal related diseases in adolescents. Methods: A total of 1 594 adolescents aged 12-18 years in Yinchuan City were selected by convenience sampling and stratified cluster random sampling from September 2017 to September 2020, and triglyceride and glucose index (TyG), triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) and triglyceride/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) were calculated as new simplified IR index. The correlation between different simplified IR indexes and BMC level was analyzed by partial correlation. Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between IR index and low bone mass, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to analyze its evaluation effect on low bone mass. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, age, smoking, drinking, family history of hypertension, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), the new surrogate marks of IR were positively correlated with BMC level (TyG: r =0.11, TyG-BMI: r =0.58, TG/HDL-C: r =0.21, P <0.01). After further adjustment of body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM), the relationship between IR indexes and BMC turned into negative correlation (TyG: r =-0.20, TyG-BMI: r =-0.18, TG/HDL-C: r=-0.14, P <0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, age, smoking, drinking, family history of hypertension, SBP and DBP, Logistic regression results showed that the increase of TyG, TyG-BMI and TG/HDL-C levels reduced the possibility of low bone mass in adolescents (TyG: OR=0.63, 95%CI = 0.40-0.98, TyG-BMI: OR=0.94, 95%CI =0.93-0.96, TG/HDL-C: OR=0.31, 95%CI=0.17-0.58, P <0.01). After adjusting BMI, FM and LM, the above results were completely reversed. Girls with high TyG and TG/HDL-C levels were 4.95 and 4.38 times more likely to have low bone mass than those with low TyG and TG/HDL-C levels (TyG: OR=4.95, 95%CI =1.29- 18.95 , TG/HDL-C: OR=4.38, 95%CI=1.04-18.50, P <0.05). ROC curve showed that TyG-BMI had the best predictive value on low bone mass (AUC=0.80, 95% CI=0.77-0.83, P <0.01). Conclusion The new surrogate marks of IR in adolescents are negatively correlated with adolescent BMC, of which TyG-BMI is the best for assessing of low bone mass and can serving as a reliable indicator for early identification of low bone mass.

Objective:To analyze the influence factors on the efficacy of immunosuppression therapy (IST) combined with eltrombopag and IST alone in the treatment of childhood severe aplastic anemia (SAA).Methods:A retrospective cohort study. A total of 124 children with SAA who were initially treated with IST at Beijing Children′s Hospital from March 2017 to May 2020 were enrolled. Clinical characteristics, laboratory examination and prognosis data were collected at the time of enrollment. According to the treatment plan, the children were divided into the eltrombopag combined with IST group (eltrombopag group) and the IST group. Binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting the efficacy of the two groups at 6 months of treatment, and the factors affecting the efficacy of the eltrombopag group at the end of follow-up.Results:There were 75 cases (45 males and 30 females) in the eltrombopag group. The age of diagnosis was 5.9 (3.5, 8.5) years. There were 49 patients in the IST group, including 23 males and 26 females, whose age at diagnosis was 6.2 (4.4, 8.8) years. The absolute lymphocyte count before treatment in the eltrombopag group was significantly lower than that in the IST group (1.1 (0.4, 1.6)×10 9vs. 2.1 (1.4, 2.8)×10 9/L). Absolute reticulocyte count in the eltrombopag group was significantly higher than that of IST group (26.9 (8.7, 54.2)×10 9vs. 9.5 (4.0, 19.0)×10 9/L) (both P<0.05). Influencing factors of 6-month response: a comparison between response and un-response groups in the eltrombopag treated patients showed that, before treatment, hemoglobin (69 (61, 78) vs. 64 (59, 68) g/L), platelet (10 (6, 16)×10 9vs. 6 (3, 8)×10 9/L), absolute reticulocyte count (ARC) (34.0 (15.8, 57.3)×10 9vs. 6.5 (4.6, 16.8)×10 9/L) and the response rate to granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) after treatment (82.4% (47/57) vs. 9/18) were significantly different (all P<0.05). Logistic regression model analysis showed that ARC ( OR=1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.18) and absolute neutrophil count were independent influencing factors of 6-month response rate in the eltrombopag group ( OR=0.00, 95% CI 0.00-0.89). ARC was also the independent influencing factors of the end of follow-up response rate in the eltrombopag group ( OR=1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07). Conclusions:Pre-treatment blood count and response to G-CSF were predictors of overall response to eltrombopag combined with IST. The higher the ARC before treatment, the higher the total response rate and complete response.