Objective:To establish a three-dimensional culture and stress-loaded model of human periodontal ligament cells(hP-DLCs)in vitro and to determine the effect of static pressure on autophagy.Methods:Periodontal tissue was scraped from fresh ex-tracted tooth surfaces for culture and hPDLCs were obtained.Type Ⅰ rat tail collagen was extracted to prepare collagen-sodium algi-nate composite hydrogel,in which third-generation hPDLCs were embedded.After 72 h of culture,gene expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3,Atg-5 and Beclin-1 was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),and the expression of Atg-5,Beclin-1 and LC3 was detected by Western blotting.Results:Cells grew well in collagen-alginate hydrogels.After 15 min of compressive stress loading,the level of autophagy of hPDLCs increased significantly and then gradually decreased to the baseline level.Conclusion:Collagen-alginate hydrogel has good biocompatibility and safety,and can be used as an excellent scaffold for three-dimensional cell culture in vitro.Static compressive stress can accelevate autophagy,and this acceleration is rapid and short-lived.

Objective:To establish a three-dimensional culture and stress-loaded model of human periodontal ligament cells(hP-DLCs)in vitro and to determine the effect of static pressure on autophagy.Methods:Periodontal tissue was scraped from fresh ex-tracted tooth surfaces for culture and hPDLCs were obtained.Type Ⅰ rat tail collagen was extracted to prepare collagen-sodium algi-nate composite hydrogel,in which third-generation hPDLCs were embedded.After 72 h of culture,gene expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3,Atg-5 and Beclin-1 was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),and the expression of Atg-5,Beclin-1 and LC3 was detected by Western blotting.Results:Cells grew well in collagen-alginate hydrogels.After 15 min of compressive stress loading,the level of autophagy of hPDLCs increased significantly and then gradually decreased to the baseline level.Conclusion:Collagen-alginate hydrogel has good biocompatibility and safety,and can be used as an excellent scaffold for three-dimensional cell culture in vitro.Static compressive stress can accelevate autophagy,and this acceleration is rapid and short-lived.

Animals ; Coronary Vessels ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Rats

【Objective】 To evaluate the association between prophylactic plasma transfusion and postoperative bleeding rate in critically ill patients undergoing different invasive procedures. 【Methods】 The information of ICU patients who received different invasive procedures from January 2019 to December 2019 in 6 tertiary hospitals in China were retrospectively investigated. The inclusion criteria of patients were as follows: age ≥ 18 years; received invasive procedures; INR ≥ 1.5 within 72 hours before surgery. Exclusion criteria were patients with incomplete case records. The patients finally included in the study were divided into prophylactic plasma transfusion group and non-prophylactic plasma transfusion group according to their plasma transfusion status. The outcome variable was the incidence of invasive procedure-related bleeding within 48 hours after different invasive procedures. 【Results】 A total of 407 patients underwent invasive procedures, and 362 patients were finally included in this study after excluding 45 patients with incomplete case records. The proportions of prophylactic plasma transfusion in different types of invasive procedures were central venous catheterization (46/146, 31.5%), thoracentesis (13/37, 35.1%), bronchoscopy (8/31, 25.8%), tracheal intubation (9/38, 23.7%), arterial catheterization (9/50, 18.0%) and others (13/60, 21.7%). The bleeding rates showed that different invasive procedures presented no statistical difference between the groups received plasma transfusion or not. In the prophylactic plasma transfusion group, the bleeding rate of arterial catheterization (4/9, 44.4%) was the highest, but all were potential bleeding, followed by tracheal intubation (4/10, 40.0%) and central venous intubation (16/46, 34.8%), with a higher rate of significant bleeding. 【Conclusion】 Prophylactic infusion of plasma did not reduce the bleeding rate after different invasive procedures, but prospective studies are needed to further confirm the conclusion; this study also provides a certain data basis for later prospective studies.

Objective:To improve the understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL).Methods:The clinical data of a patient with ETP-ALL who was misdiagnosed as peripheral T-cell lymphoma-not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) admitted to the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University in October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and the relevant literature was reviewed.Results:The patient who presented "inguinal lymphadenopathy" as the first symptom underwent lymph node biopsy and pathological examination at local hospital, and he was diagnosed as PTCL-NOS according to the consultation of another 2 hospitals. After 2 courses of chemotherapy (CHOPE regimen, GLD regimen, unknown specific medication and dosage), the therapeutic efficacy was poor. For further diagnosis and treatment, this patient came to Lanzhou University Second Hospital. Flow cytometry found blast cells in the bone marrow, and then other related examinations were completed, he was finally diagnosed as ETP-ALL. The chemotherapy regimens of Hyper-CVAD and EA were alternatively used, progressive disease (PD) occurred after 3 courses of treatment, and chidamide was added in the 4th and 5th courses of treatment, the disease still progressed, and the patient died after follow-up. The disease course of the patient was about 12 months.Conclusions:ETP-ALL has unique immunophenotypic characteristics. ETP-ALL patients have a low remission rate after conventional induction therapy, high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Currently, there is no effective standard treatment regimen, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or timely addition of new drugs may improve the prognosis.

Objective:The study aims to explore the abnormal characteristics in cerebral cortex among children with different subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods:Four hundred and twelve samples were obtained from the Healthy Brain Network project of American Child Mind Institute. There were 288 children with ADHD (all subjects: age,M=10.03,SD=3.11; 151 of ADHD-C, 20 of ADHD-H, and 117 of ADHD-I) and 124 healthy controls (age,M=9.98,SD=2.98). Using FreeSurfer software, we processed the brain structure images and obtained the cortical volume, cortical thickness and surface area for each subject. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post hoc comparison analyses were conducted.Results:ANOVA analysis showed significant differences of the cortical volume located in the left superior parietal gyrus ( Z=5.94) and superior temporal gyrus ( Z=5.49) among the 3 subtypes of ADHD children and the healthy controls (Monte Carlo, P<0.05). Compared with the healthy controls, ADHD-H group exhibited an increased cortical volume in the left superior parietal gyrus ( Z=6.79), while the ADHD-I group had a decreased volume in the left superior temporal gyrus ( Z=-5.12) and lateral occipital cortex ( Z=-6.40). ADHD-C group also had a decreased volume in the left lateral occipital cortex ( Z=-3.37). Among 3 subtypes of ADHD patients, both ADHD-I and ADHD-C groups had a smaller volume in the left superior parietal gyrus than that of the ADHD-H group (ADHD-I: Z=-7.33,MNI coordinate:x=-26.8,y=-60.6,z=45.4; ADHD-C: Z=-7.14,MNI coordinate:x=-26.6,y=-60.2,z=45.4). Additionally, there was no statistical difference in cortical volume between the ADHD-I and ADHD-C group (Monte Carlo, P>0.05). Subsequent supplementary analyses showed that the sample size and age had no significant effect on the above results. Moreover, analysis of cortical thickness and the surface area showed that the abnormality of the cortical volume in different ADHD subtypes was mainly determined by the surface area of the cerebral cortex. Conclusion:Cortical measures in the superior parietal gyrus might be the crucial features that distinguishes the different subtypes of ADHD. These results enable us to further explore the neurodevelopmental mechanism of ADHD and guide the precise and specific clinical treatment.

Objective:To explore the effect of narrative video combined with teach-back method on full-time caregivers' knowledge, attitude and practice level of preventing aspiration.Methods:The convenient sampling method was used to select full-time caregivers from a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital as the research objects. A total of 89 full-time caregivers from July to August 2018 were set as the control group, and 76 full-time caregivers from October to November 2018 were set as the observation group. The control group adopted conventional health education, while the observation group adopted narrative video combined with teach-back method to carry out aspiration prevention education on the basis of the control group. The scores of knowledge, attitude and practice of the two groups were compared.Results:The knowledge score of the observation group was 44 (37, 49) , higher than 39 (31, 45.5) of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-3.463, P<0.01) . The attitude score of the observation group was 50 (45, 54) , which was higher than 44 (44, 52) of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-3.566, P<0.01) . The practice score of the observation group was 47 (41, 51) , which was higher than 41 (35, 53) of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-2.462, P<0.05) . Conclusions:The narrative video combined teach-back method is an effective form of health education, which helps to improve knowledge, attitude, behavior levels of preventing aspiration and clinical care ability of full-time caregivers.

Objective:The study aims to explore the abnormal characteristics in cerebral cortex among children with different subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods:Four hundred and twelve samples were obtained from the Healthy Brain Network project of American Child Mind Institute. There were 288 children with ADHD (all subjects: age,M=10.03,SD=3.11; 151 of ADHD-C, 20 of ADHD-H, and 117 of ADHD-I) and 124 healthy controls (age,M=9.98,SD=2.98). Using FreeSurfer software, we processed the brain structure images and obtained the cortical volume, cortical thickness and surface area for each subject. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post hoc comparison analyses were conducted.Results:ANOVA analysis showed significant differences of the cortical volume located in the left superior parietal gyrus ( Z=5.94) and superior temporal gyrus ( Z=5.49) among the 3 subtypes of ADHD children and the healthy controls (Monte Carlo, P<0.05). Compared with the healthy controls, ADHD-H group exhibited an increased cortical volume in the left superior parietal gyrus ( Z=6.79), while the ADHD-I group had a decreased volume in the left superior temporal gyrus ( Z=-5.12) and lateral occipital cortex ( Z=-6.40). ADHD-C group also had a decreased volume in the left lateral occipital cortex ( Z=-3.37). Among 3 subtypes of ADHD patients, both ADHD-I and ADHD-C groups had a smaller volume in the left superior parietal gyrus than that of the ADHD-H group (ADHD-I: Z=-7.33,MNI coordinate:x=-26.8,y=-60.6,z=45.4; ADHD-C: Z=-7.14,MNI coordinate:x=-26.6,y=-60.2,z=45.4). Additionally, there was no statistical difference in cortical volume between the ADHD-I and ADHD-C group (Monte Carlo, P>0.05). Subsequent supplementary analyses showed that the sample size and age had no significant effect on the above results. Moreover, analysis of cortical thickness and the surface area showed that the abnormality of the cortical volume in different ADHD subtypes was mainly determined by the surface area of the cerebral cortex. Conclusion:Cortical measures in the superior parietal gyrus might be the crucial features that distinguishes the different subtypes of ADHD. These results enable us to further explore the neurodevelopmental mechanism of ADHD and guide the precise and specific clinical treatment.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics and trends of women who underwent induced abortion in recent years, and to provide more evidences to decrease induced abortion rate.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on women who underwent induced abortions in the Family Planning Department of Women and Children’s Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2014 to December 2018.Results:Of the 28 529 women with induced abortion, the age was (28.77±5.78) years old. Women aged 25-34 years accounted for 58.1%, 67.0% of women were married, 62.5% had a history of delivery, 24.0% were in their first pregnancies, 30.3% had induced abortion for twice, 21.5% were for three times and more (the maximum frequency of induced abortion was 14). About 16.1％ induced abortion women had a history of cesarean section，and rate showed an increasing trend in the five years (16.2%, 15.0%, 15.9%, 16.6%, 16.9%), but the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.054). From 2014 to 2018, the age of induced abortion women [(28.05±5.69) years, (28.47±5.62) years, (28.70±5.80) years, (29.03±5.81) years, (29.59±5.82) years, P<0.001] and the percentages of married women （63.2%, 66.8%, 66.9%, 67.2%, 70.9%）, women with two or more children （11.8%, 15.4%, 20.2%, 25.2%, 32.2%） and women undergoing at least a second abortion over 35 years old （21.7%, 22.1%, 23.4%, 26.7%, 29.9%） increased every year (all P<0.001). However, among the induced abortion women, the percentages of unmarried women （36.8%, 33.2%, 33.1%, 32.8%, 29.1%）, women who haven’t bear children （42.9%, 38.4%, 37.8%, 36.3%, 32.4%）, women with the first pregnancy （26.2%, 23.8%, 24.7%, 23.4%, 21.8%） and women under 24 years old （29.3%, 25.3%, 24.7%, 24.1%, 21.5%） decreased during the five years period (all P<0.001). Conclusion:The incidence rate of induced abortion among married women with children is the highest, so special attention should be paid to postpartum women in family planning services, and it is urgent to launch postpartum contraceptive services and promote long-term reversible contraceptive measures.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics and trends of women who underwent induced abortion in recent years, and to provide more evidences to decrease induced abortion rate.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on women who underwent induced abortions in the Family Planning Department of Women and Children’s Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2014 to December 2018.Results:Of the 28 529 women with induced abortion, the age was (28.77±5.78) years old. Women aged 25-34 years accounted for 58.1%, 67.0% of women were married, 62.5% had a history of delivery, 24.0% were in their first pregnancies, 30.3% had induced abortion for twice, 21.5% were for three times and more (the maximum frequency of induced abortion was 14). About 16.1％ induced abortion women had a history of cesarean section，and rate showed an increasing trend in the five years (16.2%, 15.0%, 15.9%, 16.6%, 16.9%), but the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.054). From 2014 to 2018, the age of induced abortion women [(28.05±5.69) years, (28.47±5.62) years, (28.70±5.80) years, (29.03±5.81) years, (29.59±5.82) years, P<0.001] and the percentages of married women （63.2%, 66.8%, 66.9%, 67.2%, 70.9%）, women with two or more children （11.8%, 15.4%, 20.2%, 25.2%, 32.2%） and women undergoing at least a second abortion over 35 years old （21.7%, 22.1%, 23.4%, 26.7%, 29.9%） increased every year (all P<0.001). However, among the induced abortion women, the percentages of unmarried women （36.8%, 33.2%, 33.1%, 32.8%, 29.1%）, women who haven’t bear children （42.9%, 38.4%, 37.8%, 36.3%, 32.4%）, women with the first pregnancy （26.2%, 23.8%, 24.7%, 23.4%, 21.8%） and women under 24 years old （29.3%, 25.3%, 24.7%, 24.1%, 21.5%） decreased during the five years period (all P<0.001). Conclusion:The incidence rate of induced abortion among married women with children is the highest, so special attention should be paid to postpartum women in family planning services, and it is urgent to launch postpartum contraceptive services and promote long-term reversible contraceptive measures.