ObjectiveTo observe the effect of functional pelvic floor muscle training on pelvic floor muscle function, incontinence symptoms and quality of life in female patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). MethodsFrom February, 2024 to July, 2025, 40 female patients with SUI were recruited from Beijing Bo'ai Hospital and advertisements. They were randomly divided into control group (n = 20) and experimental group (n = 20). The control group received conventional pelvic floor muscle contraction and relaxation training, and the experimental group received functional pelvic floor muscle contraction and relaxation training, for eight weeks. The data of pelvic floor muscle strength, pelvic floor muscle surface electromyography (sEMG), 1-hour urine pad test and Incontinence Quality of Life questionnaire (I-QOL) were collected before and after training. The compliance rate was counted after training. ResultsOne case dropped down in the control group and three cases dropped down in the experimental group. After treatment, the pelvic floor muscle strength increased in both groups (|Z| > 3.317, P < 0.01), the pre-resting average value, sustained contraction average value and durable contraction average value of sEMG improved in the control group (|t| > 2.731, P < 0.05), the mass of 1-hour urine pad significantly reduced (t > 9.215, P < 0.001) and the I-QOL score significantly increased (|t| > 13.229, P < 0.001) in both groups; compared with the control group, the pelvic floor muscle strength significantly increased (Z = -2.281, P = 0.023), the mass of 1-hour urine pad significantly reduced (t = 4.215, P < 0.001), the I-QOL score significantly increased (t = -4.501, P < 0.001), and the compliance rate significantly increased (Z = -2.798, P < 0.01) in the experimental group . ConclusionFunctional pelvic floor muscle training can significantly improve pelvic floor muscle strength, incontinence symptoms and quality of life in female patients with SUI.

Objective:To explore the application effect of the attention and interpretation therapy based on Swanson′s caring theory in adolescents with epilepsy, aiming to reduce negative emotions and improve self-management levels in children.Methods:This study was a quasi-experimental research. A convenience sampling method was used to select 78 adolescents with epilepsy who were admitted to the Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Children′s Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (Hunan Children′s Hospital) from March 1 to August 31, 2023. The participants were assigned into two groups, the control group ( n=39) and the intervention group ( n=39), using a random number table. The control group received standard anti-epileptic treatment and routine nursing care, while the intervention group received the same treatment and care with the addition of a caring team providing attention and interpretation therapy based on Swanson′s caring theory. Assessments were made at three time points: before the intervention, 4 weeks after the intervention, and 12 weeks after the intervention. The Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21), Epilepsy Self-Management Scale (ESMS), and Pediaric Quality of Life Inventory Measurement Methods (PedsQL TM4.0) were used to assess the participants′ scores. Results:In the control group, 23 were male and 16 were female, with aged of (13.49 ± 1.43) years. In the intervention group, 24 were male and 15 were female, with aged of (13.51 ± 1.45) years. After 4 weeks of intervention, the scores of depression, anxiety, and stress on the DASS-21 for the intervention group were (9.32 ± 2.04), (6.79 ± 2.44), and (13.63 ± 2.67), respectively, which were lower than those of the control group: (10.43 ± 2.27), (8.43 ± 2.75) and (16.05 ± 3.32); the scores of ESMS and PedsQL TM4.0 in the intervention group were (66.66 ± 10.87) and (73.63 ± 9.85), respectively, which were higher than those of the control group: (60.70 ± 10.24) and (67.27 ± 12.33), the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -2.47 to 3.49, all P<0.05). After 12 weeks of intervention, the scores on the DASS-21 for the intervention group were (5.47 ± 1.66), (3.37 ± 1.68) and (8.42 ± 2.24) for depression, anxiety and stress, respectively, which were lower than those of the control group: (8.03 ± 1.98), (6.06 ± 2.64) and (11.28 ± 3.21) ;the scores for ESMS and PedsQL TM4.0 in the intervention group were (74.66 ± 9.15) and (85.24 ± 7.00), respectively, which were higher than those of the control group: (65.36 ± 10.86) and (75.67 ± 11.39), the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -4.33 to 6.03, all P<0.05). Additionally, there were statistically significant differences in the DASS-21 depression, anxiety, and stress scores, ESMS, and PedsQL TM4.0 scores across the different time points ( F values ranged from 4.65 to 1 134.03, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Attention and interpretation therapy based on Swanson′s caring theory can effectively reduce negative emotions in adolescents with epilepsy, improve their self-management skills, and further enhance their quality of life.

Objective:To explore the application effect of the attention and interpretation therapy based on Swanson′s caring theory in adolescents with epilepsy, aiming to reduce negative emotions and improve self-management levels in children.Methods:This study was a quasi-experimental research. A convenience sampling method was used to select 78 adolescents with epilepsy who were admitted to the Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Children′s Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (Hunan Children′s Hospital) from March 1 to August 31, 2023. The participants were assigned into two groups, the control group ( n=39) and the intervention group ( n=39), using a random number table. The control group received standard anti-epileptic treatment and routine nursing care, while the intervention group received the same treatment and care with the addition of a caring team providing attention and interpretation therapy based on Swanson′s caring theory. Assessments were made at three time points: before the intervention, 4 weeks after the intervention, and 12 weeks after the intervention. The Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21), Epilepsy Self-Management Scale (ESMS), and Pediaric Quality of Life Inventory Measurement Methods (PedsQL TM4.0) were used to assess the participants′ scores. Results:In the control group, 23 were male and 16 were female, with aged of (13.49 ± 1.43) years. In the intervention group, 24 were male and 15 were female, with aged of (13.51 ± 1.45) years. After 4 weeks of intervention, the scores of depression, anxiety, and stress on the DASS-21 for the intervention group were (9.32 ± 2.04), (6.79 ± 2.44), and (13.63 ± 2.67), respectively, which were lower than those of the control group: (10.43 ± 2.27), (8.43 ± 2.75) and (16.05 ± 3.32); the scores of ESMS and PedsQL TM4.0 in the intervention group were (66.66 ± 10.87) and (73.63 ± 9.85), respectively, which were higher than those of the control group: (60.70 ± 10.24) and (67.27 ± 12.33), the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -2.47 to 3.49, all P<0.05). After 12 weeks of intervention, the scores on the DASS-21 for the intervention group were (5.47 ± 1.66), (3.37 ± 1.68) and (8.42 ± 2.24) for depression, anxiety and stress, respectively, which were lower than those of the control group: (8.03 ± 1.98), (6.06 ± 2.64) and (11.28 ± 3.21) ;the scores for ESMS and PedsQL TM4.0 in the intervention group were (74.66 ± 9.15) and (85.24 ± 7.00), respectively, which were higher than those of the control group: (65.36 ± 10.86) and (75.67 ± 11.39), the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -4.33 to 6.03, all P<0.05). Additionally, there were statistically significant differences in the DASS-21 depression, anxiety, and stress scores, ESMS, and PedsQL TM4.0 scores across the different time points ( F values ranged from 4.65 to 1 134.03, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Attention and interpretation therapy based on Swanson′s caring theory can effectively reduce negative emotions in adolescents with epilepsy, improve their self-management skills, and further enhance their quality of life.

Objective:To analyze the incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of typhoid fever in Fujian Province from 2011 to 2022, and understand the high-incidence population and hotspot areas, and provide evidences to develop more targeted prevention and control measures.Methods:The surveillance data of typhoid fever during 2011-2022 in Fujian Province were obtained from the National Disease Reporting Information System and analyzed with SAS 9.4. The spatial autocorrelation analysis of typhoid fever incidence at county/district levels was performed with ArcGlS 10.8.Results:A total of 5 126 cases of typhoid fever were reported in Fujian Province from 2011 to 2022, with an average annual incidence rate of 1.10/100 000. The average annual incidence rate was 0.96/100 000 from 2011 to 2015, 1.49/100 000 from 2016 to 2019, and 0.81/100 000 from 2020 to 2022. The disease occurred all the year round, with high epidemic season from May to September. A total of 23.59% (1 209/5 126) of the cases occurred at the age of 0-4, and 9.62% (493/5 126) at the age of 5-9. The male to female ratio of the cases was 0.97∶1 (2 524∶2 602) for the whole population, 1.19∶1 (925∶777) for people under 10 years old, 0.75∶1 (1 060∶1 404) for people between 10 and 54 years old, and 1.28∶1 (539∶421) for people over 55 years old. Cases in Ningde City accounted for 30.65% (1 571/5 126) of the total cases. Most hotspots were occurred in Ningde City. Recurrent and clustered cases were found in family members.Conclusions:Typhoid fever was prevalent at a low level in Fujian Province during 2011-2022, indicating that strengthening the prevention and control measures should target key areas and populations. The incidence of typhoid fever in Fujian Province showed spatial aggregation phenomenon, and most cases gathered in Ningde City. Intensive study for the influencing factors of spatial clustering should be conducted.

Objective: To explore the changes in ribosomal DNA copy number in peripheral blood among patients with pneumoconiosis and its influencing factors, so as to provide insights into prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. Methods: Eighty-eight patients with pneumoconiosis who visited a designated hospital and 71 community residents with no history of pneumoconiosis or dust exposure were selected as the pneumoconiosis group and control group, and age, smoking history, drinking history and cumulative years of exposure to dust were collected through questionnaire surveys. The copy number of 45S rDNA and 5S rDNA was detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the differences between the two groups were compared. Factors affecting the copy number of 45S rDNA and 5S rDNA were identified by a multiple linear regression model. Results: The pneumoconiosis group had a median age of 56.00 (interquartile range, 15.25) and a mean cumulative dust exposure duration of (12.40±8.08) years, with 56.82% smoking and 62.50% drinking. The control group had a median age of 64.00 (interquartile range, 37.00) years, with 32.39% smoking and 26.76% drinking. The median copy number of 45S rDNA in the pneumoconiosis group was 1.29 (interquartile range, 0.59), which was lower than 2.10 (interquartile range, 1.88) in the control group; the median copy number of 5S rDNA in the pneumoconiosis group was 5.33 (interquartile range, 0.85), which was higher than 4.66 (1.34) in the control group (both P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis identified age (β=-0.034) and pneumoconiosis (β=-1.595) as factors affecting 45S rDNA copy number, age (β=-0.013) as a factor affecting 5S rDNA copy number, and age (β=0.018) as a factor affecting 5S rDNA copy number in the pneumoconiosis group (all P<0.05). Conclusions Compared with community residents with no history of pneumoconiosis or dust exposure, the copy number of 45S rDNA in peripheral blood among patients with pneumoconiosis is reduced and the copy number of 5S rDNA is increased.

Objective To study the effect of changes in estradiol(E2)levels on the reproductive outcomes of pa-tients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation(COS)with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist(GnRH-ant)protocol.Methods A retrospective study was conducted involving 338 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)infertility who underwent GnRH-ant protocol for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation followed by in vitro fertilization(IVF)or intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI),and subse-quently underwent their first frozen-thawed embryo transfer(FET).The clinical data of these patients were ana-lyzed.Patients were grouped based on the changes in serum E2 levels on the first and fourth day of GnRH-ant ad-ministration(blood samples collected before GnRH-ant injection):the E2 elevation group(Group A,E2 value in-creased more than 30％,165 cases),the E2 stable group(Group B,E2 rate of change was within-30％～30％,162 cases),and the E2 decline group(E2 value declined more than 30％,11 cases,not included in statistical a-nalysis due to small sample size).The differences in demographic characteristics,ovulation induction outcomes,embryo outcomes and clinical pregnancy-related indicators were analyzed between Groups A and B.Results There were no statistically significant differences in basic information such as age,duration of infertility,body mass index(BMI),basal endocrine levels,and anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH)levels between groups A and B.Regarding embryo characteristics,there were no statistically significant differences in fertilization method and number of trans-ferred embryos between groups A and B.However,group A had a higher total number of retrieved oocytes,normal fertilization rate,number of high-quality embryos,and rate of high-quality embryos compared to group B,with sta-tistically significant differences(P＜0.05).In terms of clinical pregnancy outcomes,there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome(OHSS)between groups A and B.However,group A had higher rates of clinical pregnancy,implantation,and live birth compared to group B,with statistically significant differences.Group A also had a lower rate of early miscarriage compared to group B,with statistically significant differences.Conclusion Choosing the GnRH-ant protocol for IVF/ICSI-FET in PCOS patients,if the blood E2 level increases by more than 30％after 4 days of adding the antagonist(blood sample col-lected before administering GnRH-ant),the clinical pregnancy outcome will be better.

Purpose To investigate the conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound features of epiploic appendagitis (EA). Materials and Methods A retrospective study was performed on 23 patients who were diagnosed with EA in the 907th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force from May 2016 to May 2023. The conventional and contrast-enhanced ultrasound findings were analyzed,and the subsequent evolution of ultrasound findings were followed up. Results All 23 patients presented with a solitary mass adjacent to the colon or cecum,with eleven masses being oval,eight being elliptical and four irregular in shape. The margin of the mass was clear in 15 cases,with 12 cases showing a linear hypoechoic rim around the mass. All 23 masses appeared as solid hyperechoic lesions,with two cases showing internal inhomogeneous echoes and linear hypoechoic areas,three cases showing mild thickening of the adjacent intestinal wall and 19 cases showing adhesion to the anterior abdominal wall and fixed in position. No obvious blood flow signals were detected inside the masses in all 23 cases,while only five cases showing slight blood flow signals around the mass periphery. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound demonstrated that the central part of the mass did not enhance,while the edge of the mass showed a ring-shaped hyperenhancement with a thickness of approximately 0.20-1.50 cm in ten patients. Follow-up ultrasound examinations were performed in 12 patients,and the results showed that seven patients had complete disappearance of the initial mass,with one patient found to have a loose body in the rectouterine pouch,and the volume of the mass in the remaining five patients showed varying degrees of reduction during the follow-up period. Conclusion The characteristics of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in EA include a central necrotic area without enhancement,showing a ring-shaped enhancement at the edge. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a highly effective imaging modality that can provide strong evidence for the clinical diagnosis of EA by visualizing the size and extent of the infarcted epiploic appendage.

Purpose To investigate the conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound features of epiploic appendagitis (EA). Materials and Methods A retrospective study was performed on 23 patients who were diagnosed with EA in the 907th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force from May 2016 to May 2023. The conventional and contrast-enhanced ultrasound findings were analyzed,and the subsequent evolution of ultrasound findings were followed up. Results All 23 patients presented with a solitary mass adjacent to the colon or cecum,with eleven masses being oval,eight being elliptical and four irregular in shape. The margin of the mass was clear in 15 cases,with 12 cases showing a linear hypoechoic rim around the mass. All 23 masses appeared as solid hyperechoic lesions,with two cases showing internal inhomogeneous echoes and linear hypoechoic areas,three cases showing mild thickening of the adjacent intestinal wall and 19 cases showing adhesion to the anterior abdominal wall and fixed in position. No obvious blood flow signals were detected inside the masses in all 23 cases,while only five cases showing slight blood flow signals around the mass periphery. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound demonstrated that the central part of the mass did not enhance,while the edge of the mass showed a ring-shaped hyperenhancement with a thickness of approximately 0.20-1.50 cm in ten patients. Follow-up ultrasound examinations were performed in 12 patients,and the results showed that seven patients had complete disappearance of the initial mass,with one patient found to have a loose body in the rectouterine pouch,and the volume of the mass in the remaining five patients showed varying degrees of reduction during the follow-up period. Conclusion The characteristics of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in EA include a central necrotic area without enhancement,showing a ring-shaped enhancement at the edge. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a highly effective imaging modality that can provide strong evidence for the clinical diagnosis of EA by visualizing the size and extent of the infarcted epiploic appendage.

Objective: To investigate the effect of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) copy number variation caused by hexavalent chromium exposure on DNA damage response in different cell lines, so as to provide insights into the involvement of hexavalent chromium-induced rDNA copy number variation in DNA damage responses. : Methods Human lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells and human embryonic lung MRC-5 cells were treated with 2 μmol/L potassium dichromate for 24 hours, and then cells were transferred to fresh media for further incubation, while cells treated with the same volume of phosphate buffer solution served as controls. Cells treated with potassium dichromate for 24 hours, and 3 and 7 days post-detoxification, were harvested, and rDNA copy number was quantified in cells using a quantitative fluorescent real-time PCR assay. Cell cycle, apoptosis and DNA damage were detected using a Muse cell analyzer, and the DNA damage was evaluated with the proportion of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) gene activation, proportion of double-strand DNA breaks and the percentage of the H2A.X variant histone phosphorylatio. : Results The 45S and 5S rDNA copy numbers of were significantly higher in MRC-5 cells than in BEAS-2B cells [(1.54±0.26) vs. (1.02±0.18), P<0.05; (6.97±1.07) vs. (3.00±0.15), P<0.05]. The 45S rDNA copy number was lower in MRC-5 cells 3 days post-detoxification (0.80±0.04) than in controls (P<0.05), and was higher in BEAS-2B cells 3 days post-detoxification (1.43±0.07) than in controls (P<0.05) . G0/G1 phase arrest was found in MRC-5 cells 24 hours post-treatment, and the apoptotic rates were significantly higher in MRC-5 cells 3 and 7 days post-detoxification than in controls [(11.53±1.53)%, (18.33±0.70)% vs. (3.53±0.93)%, P<0.05]. The overall apoptotic rates 24 hours post-treatment and 3 days post-detoxification [(2.80±0.17)%, (3.33±0.57)% vs. (1.53±0.61)%, P<0.05], proportion of ATM gene activation 3 days post-detoxification [(3.37±0.67%) vs. (1.18±0.22)%, P<0.05], proportion of double-strand DNA breaks 3 days post-detoxification [(4.45±0.85)% vs. (0.97±0.21)%, P<0.05] and percentage of the H2A.X variant histone phosphorylation 3 days post-detoxification [(1.68±0.56)% vs. (0.29±0.06)%, P<0.05] in BEAS-2B cells were higher than in controls. Conclusions Hexavalent chromium-induced rDNA copy number variation affects DNA damage response in different cell lines. A stronger DNA damage response is found in BEAS-2B cells with a low rDNA copy number, and a relative stable response is observed in MRC-5 cells with a high rDNA copy number.

Objective: To investigate the effect of chrysotile exposure on ribosomal DNA (rDNA) copy number and DNA damage response, so as to provide insights into the mechanism of asbestos-induced carcinogenesis. Methods: Human pleural mesothelial MeT-5A cells were treated with chrysotile suspensions at doses of 1.25, 2.5 and 5 μg/cm2 (low-, medium-, high-dose group), while PBS served as controls. MeT-5A cells were harvested 6, 24, 48 and 72 h post-treatment, and the rDNA copy numbers and the BIRC5, HRAS, GINS4 and RRM2 mRNA expression were determined using a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay. The apoptosis of MeT-5A cells and DNA damage were detected using Muse cell analyzer. The rDNA copy numbers, DNA damage responses and BIRC5, HRAS, GINS4 and RRM2 mRNA expression were compared in MeT-5A cells treated with different doses of chrysotile suspensions. Results: There were significant differences in 45S rDNA copy numbers among low-, medium-, high-dose groups and the control groups 6, 48 and 72 h post-treatment with chrysotile suspensions, and significantly lower 45S rDNA copy numbers were measured in low-, medium- and high-dose groups than in the control group 6 h post-treatment, while significantly higher 45S rDNA copy numbers were found in the high-dose group than in low- and medium-dose groups 48 and 72 h post-treatment (all P<0.05). There were significant differences in 5S rDNA copy numbers among low-, medium-, high-dose groups and the control groups 24, 48 and 72 h post-treatment with chrysotile suspensions, and significantly lower 5S rDNA copy numbers were measured in medium- and high-dose groups than in the control group 24 and 48 h post-treatment, while significantly lower 5S rDNA copy numbers were found in medium- and high-dose groups than in the low-dose group 24, 72 h post-treatment (all P<0.05). There were significant differences in the overall apoptotic rate of MeT-5A cells among groups at different time points, and the overall apoptotic rate of MeT-5A cells were significantly higher in medium- and high-dose groups than in the control group (all P<0.05), with late-stage apoptosis predominantly detected. There were significant differences in the rates of ATM activation and DNA double-strand break in MeT-5A cells among groups 72 h post-treatment, and higher rates of ATM activation and DNA double-strand break were measured in medium- and high-dose groups than in the control group (all P<0.05). In addition, there were significant differences in the relative mRNA expression of BIRC5, HRAS, GINS4 and RRM2 genes among groups 24 and 48 h post-treatment, and significantly lower BIRC5, HRAS, GINS4 and RRM2 mRNA expression was quantified in medium- and high-dose groups than in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Exposure to chrysotile may induce rDNA copy number variations and altered expression of nucleolar proteins in human pleural mesothelial cells, which may be involved in the regulation of DNA damage responses.