ObjectiveTo improve the quality and service performance of community visual health services in Shanghai, and to establish a set of reasonable and effective evaluation index system for community visual health services. MethodsCentered on the national and Shanghai-based visual health policies and based on the current status and development trends of community visual health service program in Shanghai, the candidate indicators were formed through literature review and expert interviews, firstly. The framework of an evaluation index system was formulated through qualitative research successively, which was further revised and perfected using the Delphi method. Coefficient weights were calculated using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), culminating in the establishment of the community visual health evaluation index system, lastly. ResultsA total of 22 visual health experts from district-level center for disease control, hospital ophthalmology and leaders in charging of visual health service in community health centers participated in the Delphi questionnaire survey, with a questionnaire recovery rate of 100% and an expert authority coefficient of 0.86, indicating high credibility. After a round of correspondence to experts’ importance ratings and discussions, a comprehensive evaluation index system comprising 3 primary indicators, 12 secondary indicators, and 47 tertiary indicators, along with 5 additional indicators, was finalized. ConclusionAn index system tailored to effective evaluation for community visual health initiatives was drawn up in this study, which can promote the capacity building in community eye health services, facilitating the high-quality development of visual health courses, and enhancing residents’ eye health.

Myocardial fibrosis is a serious cause of heart failure and even sudden cardiac death. However, the mechanisms underlying myocardial ischemia-induced cardiac fibrosis remain unclear. Here, we identified that the expression of sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1 (SARM1), was increased significantly in the ischemic cardiomyopathy patients, dilated cardiomyopathy patients (GSE116250) and fibrotic heart tissues of mice. Additionally, inhibition or knockdown of SARM1 can improve myocardial fibrosis and cardiac function of myocardial infarction (MI) mice. Moreover, SARM1 fibroblasts-specific knock-in mice had increased deposition of extracellular matrix and impaired cardiac function. Mechanically, elevated expression of SARM1 promotes the deposition of extracellular matrix by directly modulating P4HA1. Notably, by using the Click-iT reaction, we identified that the increased expression of ZDHHC17 promotes the palmitoylation levels of SARM1, thereby accelerating the fibrosis process. Based on the fibrosis-promoting effect of SARM1, we screened several drugs with anti-myocardial fibrosis activity. In conclusion, we have unveiled that palmitoylated SARM1 targeting P4HA1 promotes collagen deposition and myocardial fibrosis. Inhibition of SARM1 is a potential strategy for the treatment of myocardial fibrosis. The sites where SARM1 interacts with P4HA1 and the palmitoylation modification sites of SARM1 may be the active targets for anti-fibrosis drugs.

Enamel demineralization, the formation of white spot lesions, is a common issue in clinical orthodontic treatment. The appearance of white spot lesions not only affects the texture and health of dental hard tissues but also impacts the health and aesthetics of teeth after orthodontic treatment. The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of white spot lesions that occur throughout the orthodontic treatment process involve multiple dental specialties. This expert consensus will focus on providing guiding opinions on the management and prevention of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment, advocating for proactive prevention, early detection, timely treatment, scientific follow-up, and multidisciplinary management of white spot lesions throughout the orthodontic process, thereby maintaining the dental health of patients during orthodontic treatment.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Caries/etiology* ; Dental Enamel/pathology* ; Tooth Demineralization/etiology* ; Tooth Remineralization

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and their influencing factors in community-based schizophrenia patients in Shanghai, and to provide a scientific basis for the early identification and prevention of cardiovascular disease in this population. MethodsBased on the Shanghai community cohort with severe mental disorders in 2022, a total of 3 954 community-based schizophrenia patients were identified and included in this study through a stratified cluster sampling method. Basic information and relevant clinical data (including metabolic index data) were collected through questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory testing. Univariate analyses were performed using the chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify influencing factors of comorbid cardiovascular diseases. ResultsA total of 3 954 community-based schizophrenia patients were included, of which a total of 1 237 (31.28%) patients had comorbid cardiovascular diseases. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that age 60 years old or above (OR=5.524, 95%CI: 3.716‒8.214), smoking behavior (OR=1.328, 95%CI: 1.042‒1.692), overweight (OR=1.900, 95%CI: 1.046‒3.451) or obesity (OR=2.678, 95%CI: 1.439‒4.985), elevated blood pressure (OR=1.546, 95%CI: 1.294‒1.846), abnormal fasting blood glucose (OR=1.552, 95%CI: 1.322‒1.823) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol abnormalities (OR=1.283, 95%CI: 1.025‒1.606) were positively associated with the risk of comorbid cardiovascular diseases in patients with schizophrenia, while educational attainment of college/bachelor’s degree or above (OR=0.640, 95%CI: 0.450‒0.910) and being unmarried (OR=0.552, 95%CI: 0.457‒0.667) were negatively associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases comorbidity. ConclusionAdvanced age, unhealthy behaviors and lifestyles, as well as abnormalities in blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipids, could all increase the risk of comorbid cardiovascular diseases in community schizophrenia patients. It is suggested to strengthen the monitoring and management of these risk factors in this population in the future, so as to achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early intervention of cardiovascular diseases.

ObjectiveTo analyze the temporal distribution characteristics of crisis calls and eight major counseling issues to the Shanghai mental health hotline, and to provide recommendations for improving hotline management. MethodsDescriptive statistics were used to analyze 1 106 crisis calls and the calls of eight major counseling issues to the Shanghai mental health hotline across months, time periods and weeks from October 2021 to September 2023, and the chi-square test was used to analyze whether there was any difference in the distribution of 1 106 crisis calls and the calls of eight major counseling issues across months, time periods and weeks. ResultsThere were significant differences in the number of crises calls across different months (χ²=87.816, P<0.05), time periods (χ²=161.848, P<0.05), and weekly distributions (χ²=63.329, P<0.05). The highest number of calls occurred in September, while January had the lowest. The peak call times were between 18:00‒20:00, with the fewest calls occurring between 3:00‒5:00. The day of the week with the highest number of calls was Saturday, while Wednesday had the lowest. Among the different types of counselling issues in crisis calls, the highest number of calls were related to mental disorders, while the fewest calls were related to COVID-19. ConclusionCrisis calls to the Shanghai mental health hotline are concentrated at specific times, indicating that relevant organizations should optimize resource allocation based on this time distribution.

Public cell culture platform is an important facility in laboratory animal facilities, providing essential support for scientific research such as the development of animal tumor disease models and transgenic animals. By establishing a public cell culture experimental platform, laboratory animal centers can effectively integrate experimental animals and cell culture resources, optimizing the allocation of scientific research resources to facilitate better research outcomes. The majority of cells cultured in these platforms are used for animal experiments. Contamination or quality issues in these cells not only affect experimental results but also jeopardize the health of experimental animals, potentially leading to microbial infections and contamination of entire animal facilities. Therefore, public cell culture laboratories within experimental animal facilities impose stricter quality control measures than conventional cell culture rooms. This study takes the public cell culture platform at the Laboratory Animal Center of Shanghai Jiao Tong University as a case study to discuss management experiences, focusing on facility maintenance and management, personnel management and quality control of cell biological risk. The aim is to provide useful reference for the management of public cell culture laboratories in experimental animal facilities and other institutions.

Purpose: To identify the relationship between emotional intelligence, occupational well-being, and work engagement among Chinese clinical nurses. Methods: This cross-sectional study is based on survey responses provided by 1744 registered nurses from a Chinese hospital. The survey utilized emotional intelligence, occupational well-being, and work engagement scales. Results: A questionnaire was distributed to nurses, and among them, 1744 filled it in. Work engagement was related to demographic characteristics. The nurses' work engagement score was 28.99±5.46. Work engagement was positively correlated with emotional intelligence (r=.94, p < .01) and occupational well-being (r=.96, p < .01). Conclusions The current work engagement of nurses in China is at a medium level. It is influenced by emotional intelligence and occupational well-being.

Purpose: To identify the relationship between emotional intelligence, occupational well-being, and work engagement among Chinese clinical nurses. Methods: This cross-sectional study is based on survey responses provided by 1744 registered nurses from a Chinese hospital. The survey utilized emotional intelligence, occupational well-being, and work engagement scales. Results: A questionnaire was distributed to nurses, and among them, 1744 filled it in. Work engagement was related to demographic characteristics. The nurses' work engagement score was 28.99±5.46. Work engagement was positively correlated with emotional intelligence (r=.94, p < .01) and occupational well-being (r=.96, p < .01). Conclusions The current work engagement of nurses in China is at a medium level. It is influenced by emotional intelligence and occupational well-being.

Purpose: To identify the relationship between emotional intelligence, occupational well-being, and work engagement among Chinese clinical nurses. Methods: This cross-sectional study is based on survey responses provided by 1744 registered nurses from a Chinese hospital. The survey utilized emotional intelligence, occupational well-being, and work engagement scales. Results: A questionnaire was distributed to nurses, and among them, 1744 filled it in. Work engagement was related to demographic characteristics. The nurses' work engagement score was 28.99±5.46. Work engagement was positively correlated with emotional intelligence (r=.94, p < .01) and occupational well-being (r=.96, p < .01). Conclusions The current work engagement of nurses in China is at a medium level. It is influenced by emotional intelligence and occupational well-being.

OBJECTIVES: Multimorbidity of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has brought enormous challenges to public health, becoming a major medical burden. However, the patterns, temporal trends, and all-cause mortality associated with NCD multimorbidity over time have not been well described in the United States. METHODS: All adult participants were sourced from nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. In total, 55,081 participants were included in trend analysis, and 38,977 participants were included in Cox regression. RESULTS: The 5 NCDs with the largest increases over the study period were diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity, liver conditions, and cancer. The estimated prevalence of multimorbidity increased with age, especially for middle-aged participants with 5 or more NCDs; in general, the prevalence of NCD multimorbidity was higher among females than males. Participants with 5 or more NCDs were at 4.49 times the risk of all-cause mortality of participants without any diseases. Significant interactions were found between multimorbidity and age group (p for interaction <0.001), race/ethnicity (p for interaction<0.001), and educational attainment (p for interaction=0.010). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of multiple NCDs significantly increased from 1999 to 2018. Those with 5 or more NCDs had the highest risk of all-cause mortality, especially among the young population. The data reported by this study could serve as a reference for additional NCD research.