Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration. With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), tools such as intraoral scanning, facial scanning, 3D printing, and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration. Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques, digital technologies offer greater precision, predictability, and efficacy. They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort. Despite these improvements, the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization. The major issues include appropriate case selection, establishing consistent digital workflows, and evaluating long-term outcomes. To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners, this expert consensus outlines the principles, advantages, and limitations of digital complete denture technology. The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications, clinical procedures and precautions, evaluation metrics, and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.
Humans ; Denture, Complete ; Computer-Aided Design ; Denture Design/methods* ; Consensus ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

ObjectiveTo investigate the core influencing factors for quality of life in patients with primary biliary cholangitis through a systematic review， and to provide an evidence-based basis for understanding such factors. MethodsThe databases including CNKI， Wanfang Data， CBM， VIP， PubMed， Embase， Web of Science， Ovid， Scopus， and Medline were searched for articles assessing the influencing factors for quality of life in patients with primary biliary cholangitis using PBC-40 scale published up to January 11， 2025. Quality assessment was conducted using the scale compiled by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality， and then a qualitative evaluation was performed for the basic situation of the studies included in the analysis. ResultsA total of 11 articles were included， and the results showed that age， sex， albumin， alkaline phosphatase， gamma-glutamyl transferase， direct bilirubin， total bilirubin， total bile acid， alanine aminotransferase， aspartate aminotransferase， body mass index， and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were important influencing factors for quality of life in patients with primary biliary cholangitis. ConclusionInfluencing factors include demographic features， liver function parameters， and physical and metabolic indicators； however， due to the limited number of studies， more high-quality large-sample studies are needed in the future.

Objective:To discuss the effect of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)DUXAP8 in exosomes(Exo)derived from the lung cancer A549 cells on the growth and immune escape of the lung cancer cells,and to clarify the mechanism.Methods:The human lung cancer cell line A549 was cultured,and its exosomes were extracted and identified.The A549 cells were treated with PKH67-labeled Exo to observe the uptake of Exo by A549 cells.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was used to detect the expression level of lncRNA DUXAP8 in A549 cells before and after Exo treatment.The A549 cells were divided into control group(no treatment),Exo group(A549 cells treated with Exo),Exo+sh-NC group(A549 cells treated with Exo and then transfected with sh-NC),and Exo+sh-DUXAP8 group(A549 cells treated with Exo and then transfected with sh-DUXAP8).RT-qPCR method was used to detect the expression level of lncRNA DUXAP8 in A549 cells in various groups;colony formation assay was used to detect the colony formation abilities of the A549 cells in various groups;5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU)staining method was used to detect the proliferation abilities of the A549 cells in various groups.After co-culturing A549 cells in various groups with human peripheral blood lymphocytes,flow cytometry was used to detect the percentages of activated CD8+T lymphocytes in the human peripheral blood lymphocytes in various groups;3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)method was used to detect the killing rates of human peripheral blood lymphocytes on the A549 cells in various groups.Results:The diameter of Exo vesicles was 50-150 nm,and the exosome-specific marker proteins cluster of differentiation 63(CD63),cluster of differentiation 9(CD9),tumor susceptibility gene 101(TSG101),and heat shock protein 70(HSP70)were positively expressed,indicating successful exosome extraction.A549 cells efficiently took up PKH67-labeled Exo.The RT-PCR results showed that compared with A549 cells cultured alone,the expression level of lncRNA DUXAP8 in the A549 cells was increased after treatment with Exo derived from A549 cells(P<0.05).compared with control group,the expression level of lncRNA DUXAP8 in the A549 cells in Exo group was increased(P<0.05);compared with Exo group,the expression level of lncRNA DUXAP8 in the A549 cells in Exo+sh-DUXAP8 group was decreased(P<0.05),while there were no significant difference in the expression level of IncRNA DUXAP8 in the cells in Exo+sh-NC group(P>0.05).The colony formation assay results showed that compared with control group,the number of colony formation of the A549 cells in Exo group was increased(P<0.05);compared with Exo group,the number of colony formation of the A549 cells in Exo+sh-DUXAP8 group was decreased(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the number of colony formation of the A549 cells in Exo+sh-NC group(P>0.05).The EdU staining results showed that compared with control group,the EdU-positive rate of the A549 cells in Exo group was increased(P<0.05);compared with Exo group,the EdU-positive rate in A549 cells in Exo+sh-DUXAP8 group was decreased(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the EDU-positive rate in the cells in Exo+sh-NC group(P>0.05).The flow cytometry results showed that compared with control group,the percentage of activated CD8+T lymphocytes in the human peripheral blood lymphocytes in Exo group was decreased(P<0.05);compared with Exo group,the percentage of activated CD8+T lymphocytes in the human peripheral blood lymphocytes in Exo+sh-DUXAP8 group was increased(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the percentage of activated CD8+T lymphaytes in Exo+sh-NC group(P>0.05).The MTT assay results showed that compared with control group,the killing rate of human peripheral blood lymphocytes on the A549 cells in Exo group was decreased(P<0.05);compared with Exo group,the killing rate of human peripheral blood lymphocytes on A549 cells in Exo+sh-DUXAP8 group was increased(P<0.05),while no significant difference was observed in Exo+sh-NC group(P>0.05).Conclusion:The lncRNA DUXAP8 in exosomes derived from the lung cancer A549 cells promotes the proliferation of lung cancer cells and tumor immune escape.

Objective To investigate the relationship between stationing years of personnel on an island and their traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution,thus providing a reference for adjusting the health status of stationed personnel,preventing and treating diseases.Methods Based on The Scale of Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire,TCM constitution of 734 personnel stationed on an island was investigated.Pearson χ2 method was used for data analysis.Results Of the 734 personnel stationed on an island 345(47.0%)were of the balanced constitution type and 389(53.0%)were of the biased constitution types.Among the people with biased constitution types,composite constitution accounted for 80.5%(313 people)and the simple accounted for the rest(19.5%,76 people).The top three types of the biased were dampness heat(15.2%),qi deficiency(14.0%),and yin deficiency(10.7%).The distribution of TCM constitution types was significantly different in terms of stationing years on the island(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the balanced type and yin deficiency type between people with stationing time≤2 years and>8 years(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in qi deficiency type and qi depression type between people with stationing time≤2 years and>5 years(P<0.05).Compared to people with stationing time≤2 years,significant difference was found in yang deficiency type in people with stationing time ranging from 2 to 5 years and those with>8 years(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the phlegm dampness type,blood stasis type,and specific diathesis type between people with stationing time≤2 years and people with stationing time ranging from>2～5 years and>8 years(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the dampness heat type between people with stationing time≤2 years and people with stationing time ranging from>5～8 years and>8 years,between pepole with stationing time ranging from>2～5 years and people with stationing time>8 years(P<0.05).Conclusion The dampness heat type,qi deficiency type and yin deficiency type are common biased TCM constitution in personnel stationed on islands.The longer the time spent on islands,the greater the possibility of forming biased constitution.

Objective:To analyze plaque characteristics of non-culprit coronary lesions with cholesterol crystals in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) by using optical coherence tomography(OCT). We also investigated the potential association between cholesterol crystals with plaque rupture and healed plaque at non-culprit segment.Methods:This study was a retrospective cohort study. Between January 2017 and December 2017, patients with AMI who underwent 3-vessel OCT imaging were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of cholesterol crystals at the non-culprit lesions. All patients underwent coronary angiography and OCT examination, and non-culprit plaque characteristics were compared between the two groups. The generalized estimating equation log-binomial multirariate regression model was used to assess the relationship between non-culprit lesions with cholesterol crystals and plaque rupture and plaque healing. The follow-up data collection ended in October 2023. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted, and log-rank tests were used to compare the cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events between the two groups.Results:A total of 173 AMI patients were included (aged (56.8±11.6) years; 124 men (71.7%)). Among 710 non-culprit lesions identified by OCT, there were 102 (14.4%) in cholesterol crystals group and 608 (85.6%) in non-cholesterol crystals group. Compared with non-culprit lesions without cholesterol crystals, those with cholesterol crystals had smaller minimum lumen diameter, severer diameter stenosis, and longer lesion length (all P<0.01). The prevalence of plaque rupture (17.6% (18/102) vs. 4.9% (30/608), P=0.001) and thin-cap fibroatheroma (31.4% (32/102) vs. 11.5% (70/608), P<0.01) was higher in the cholesterol crystals groups than in the non-cholesterol crystals group. In addition, vulnerable plaque characteristics such as (44.1% (45/102) vs. 25.8% (157/608), P<0.01), macrophages were more frequently observed in non-culprit lesions with cholesterol crystals. The generalized estimating equation log-binomial multivariate regression analyses showed that non-culprit cholesterol crystals were positively correlated with healed plaque ( OR=1.583, 95% CI: 1.004-2.495, P=0.048). Conversely, cholesterol crystals were not associated with plaque rupture ( OR=1.632, 95% CI: 0.745-3.576, P=0.221). The follow-up time was 2 142 (1 880, 2 198) days. Non-culprit cholesterol crystals were not related to the major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with AMI (log-rank P=0.558). Conclusions:Among AMI patients, non-culprit lesions with cholesterol crystals presented with severer luminal stenosis and increased plaque vulnerability. The presence of non-culprit cholesterol crystals was associated with rather than plaque rupture.

Objective To observe the effects of different surgical approaches on the complications and tumor markers of patients undergoing radical resection of esophageal cancer.Method A prospective study was conducted on 100 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent radical surgery in our hospital from October 2019 to October 2022.They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using a random number table method,with 50 patients in each group,he right thoracic approach was used in the observation group and the left thoracic approach was used in the control group.Perioperative indexes,inflammatory factors[Substance P(SP),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),interleukin6(IL-6)],tumor markers[cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen(CYFRA21-1),squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCC-Ag)and carbohydrate antigen 199(CA199)]and lung function of the two groups were compared before and after surgery Indicators[vital capacity(VC),forced vital capacity(FVC),and forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1)]and complication rate.Result The operating time,blood loss,indwelling time,hospitalization time,and number of lymph node dissection in the observation group were(247.65±27.33)minutes,(211.82±25.49)ml,(6.97±2.12)days,(16.11±3.81)days,and(19.67±5.21),respectively,which were higher than those in the control group[(217.63±23.69)minutes,(175.67±22.13)ml,(5.43±1.80)days,(12.68±3.24)days,(15.45±4.12)](P＜0.05).On average,there was a significant increase in SP,hs CRP,and IL-6 levels in both groups 3 days after surgery(P＜0.05).The levels of SP,hs CRP,and IL-6 in the observation group were(273.96±35.45)ng/L,(11.35±2.12)mg/L,and(8.19±1.67)p.g/ml,respectively,which were lower than the control group[(298.33±38.42)ng/L,(14.29±2.68)mg/L,(10.35±1.82)pg/ml](P＜0.05);One month after surgery,there was a significant decrease in CYFRA21-1,SCC-Ag,and CA199 in both groups(P＜0.05),and in the observation group,the data of CYFRA21-1,SCC-Ag,and CA199 were(2.59±0.37)μg/L,(45.62±6.18)pg/L and(59.37±6.12)U/ml,respectively,which were lower than those in the control group[(3.12±0.43)μg/L,(60.27±7.35)pig/L,(63.28±6.49)U/ml](P＜0.05);One month after surgery,there was a significant decrease in VC,FVC,and FEV1 in both groups(P＜0.05).However,the VC,FVC,and FEV1 in the observation group were(67.21±8.69)％,(70.33±9.41)％,and(72.88±10.12)％,respectively,which were higher than those in the control group[(54.35±8.27)％,(61.65±8.79)％,(65.37±9.24)％](P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Both approaches can effectively treat esophageal cancer.Among them,the right chest approach can significantly improve the effect of lymph node dissection,inhibit inflammatory reactions,reduce tumor marker levels,and have less impact on lung function,without significantly increasing the risk of complications.However,the surgical time,bleeding volume,and postoperative recovery time are relatively long.Therefore,a suitable approach should be selected in clinical practice based on the patient's actual situation.

Objective:To investigate the effect of enteral nutrition support on quality of life and therapeutic effect in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.Methods:A total of 100 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer admitted to Anqing Petrochemical Hospital from Jan. 2020 to Dec. 2023 were selected and divided into parenteral nutrition group and enteral+parenteral nutrition group with 50 cases each using random number table method. The parenteral nutrition group received parenteral nutrition, and the parenteral + parenteral nutrition group was supplemented with enteral nutrition. The therapeutic effect, nutritional indexes, intestinal flora, survival time and quality of life before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:The effective rate of enteral + off-site nutrition group was 76.00%, that of parenteral nutrition group was 54.00%, and that of enteral + off-site nutrition group was higher than that of parenteral nutrition group ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in nutritional indexes, flora imbalance grade or QLQ-C30 score between the two groups before intervention ( P>0.05). After the intervention, the albumin and total protein in the enteral + parenteral nutrition group were (38.76±6.02) g/L, (64.09±6.71) g/L, the number of normal microbiota disorder cases was 46, the survival time was (17.055±4.33) months, the physical function score was (74.59±7.55) points, and the emotional function score was (78.94±7.96) points, cognitive function score (88.95±9.03) points, role function score (85.49±8.61) points, social function score (81.45±8.27) points. In the parenteral nutrition group, the albumin was (34.51±5.47) g/L, the total protein was (58.91±6.55) g/L, the number of normal microbiota disorder cases was 33, the survival time was (12.48±3.59) months, the physical function score was (67.21±6.81) points, and the emotional function score was (73.55±7.78) points, cognitive function score was (83.47±8.55) points, role function score was (80.14±8.26) points, social function score was (76.93±7.827) points, and enteral + off-site nutrition group was higher than parenteral nutrition group ( P<0.05). In the enteral + off-site nutrition group, the transferrin was (1.45±0.57) g/L, and there were 2 cases of class II flora dysregulation and 2 cases of class III flora dysregulation; in the off-site nutrition group, the transferrin was (1.71±0.61) g/L, and the number of class II flora dysregulation was 8 cases and the number of class III flora dysregulation was 9 cases. Enteral + off-site nutrition group was lower than parenteral nutrition group ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Enteral + parenteral nutrition support Enteral nutrition support can help improve the treatment effect of metastatic colorectal cancer, improve the nutritional status and survival time of patients, and improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective To study the possibility of salivary microbiota model to diagnose laryngopharyngeal re-flux(LPR).Methods A case-control study was applied to enroll 34 patients as case group who showed significant efficacy after 8 weeks of proton pump inhibitor treatment from February 2022 to November 2022.And 47 healthy volunteers matched by age,gender and body mass index with the case group were enrolled as the control group.Their salivary samples were collected before medication,and the salivary microbiota was detected by 16S rDNA se-quencing.Bioinformatics analysis was conducted on the sequencing results to compare species differences at the ge-nus level.A total of 24 patients and 33 cases in the control group were selected as train set and the rest as test set.Random forest method was used to classify data and ten fold cross validation was applied to select the optimal bacte-rial genus combination to construct a diagnostic model.The probability of disease(POD)index was calculated and receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was used to evaluate the diagnostic model in diagnosis of LPR.SPSS 18.0 software was utilized for statistical analysis.Results Compared with the control group,there was a statistical difference in the relative abundance of 22 genera in saliva between the case group and the control group(P＜0.05).A diagnostic model consisting of 6 genera was constructed,namely Lactobacillus,Novosphingobium,Bacillus,Pseudoalteromonas,Ralstonia and Phocaeicola.The area under the ROC curve of the test set was 0.843,the sensi-tivity of the diagnostic model was 60.0％,the specificity was 87.71％,and the Kappa value was 0.470.Conclusion The bacterial combination diagnostic model constructed from saliva microbiota based on microbiome and machine learning can effectively distinguish LPR patients from healthy individuals,which has potential clinical application value.

Objective:To assess the accuracy of two-dimensional (2D) photographs in measuring esthetic parameters of the maxillary anterior teeth by comparing them with measurements obtained from three-dimensional (3D) dental models.Methods:A total of one hundred volunteers (49 males, 51 females, aged 18-23 years) were recruited from School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University from January to February 2024. 3D digital models of their dentitions were obtained using an intraoral scanner, and standardized frontal 2D intraoral photographs were captured with a digital camera. The lengths, widths and width/length ratio of the bilateral incisors, lateral incisors and canines were measured on both the 3D digital models and the 2D intraoral photographs. The width ratios of adjacent maxillary anterior were also calculated on the 2D intraoral photographs and the frontal view of 3D digital models.Results:The widths of lateral incisors [(5.85±0.60) mm] and canines [(4.73±0.71) mm] and the lengths of canines [(8.72±0.96) mm] in the 2D intraoral photographs were significantly lower than those in 3D digital models [(6.65±0.59), (7.76±0.60), (8.90±0.86) mm] ( t=-18.24, P<0.001; t=-54.43, P<0.001; t=-4.40, P<0.001), while there were no significant differences in the lengths and widths of the other teeth ( P>0.05). The width/length ratios measured from the 2D intraoral photographs for the lateral incisors and canines (0.74±0.08, 0.55±0.08) were significantly lower than those measured in the 3D digital models (0.84±0.09, 0.88±0.09) ( t=-19.68, P<0.001; t=-50.21, P<0.001), and the width/length ratio of the central incisors showed no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). The width ratios of canines/lateral incisors and lateral incisors/central incisors measured on the 2D intraoral photographs (0.72±0.06, 0.85±0.11) were significantly smaller than those measured in the frontal view of 3D digital models (0.75±0.06, 0.89±0.11) ( t=-9.31, P<0.001; t=-6.58, P<0.001). Conclusions:There is a difference between 2D and 3D measurement results of teeth in the esthetic area and the magnitude of the difference varies with their position in the dental arch. When analyzing the measurement of the anterior teeth, it is necessary to choose the appropriate method according to the target tooth position.