AIM:To explore the effect of miR-1246 on high glucose-induced retinal microvascular endothelial cells(RMECs)injury by regulating methyltransferase like 3(METTL3)mediated sirtuin 1(SIRT1)N6-methyladenosine(m6A)modification.METHODS:Dual luciferase assay was used to detect miR-1246 regulation of METTL3 expression; RMECs cells were divided into control group, high glucose(HG)group, high glucose+knocking down control(HG+anti-miR-NC)group, high glucose+knocking down miR-1246 expression(HG+anti-miR-1246)group, high glucose+overexpression control(HG+NC)group, high glucose+overexpression METTL3(HG+METTL3)group, high glucose+overexpression miR-1246+control(HG+miR-1246+NC)group, and high glucose+overexpression miR-1246+METTL3(HG+miR-1246+METTL3)group. After induction of high glucose for 48 h, CCK-8 method was used to detect cell survival; Annexin V-FITC/PI method was used to detect cell apoptosis; Transwell experiment was used to detect cell migration and invasion; ELISA method was used to detect cell oxidative stress and inflammation levels; Colorimetric method was used to detect m6A methylation level in total RNA; MeRIP-qPCR method was used to detect SIRT1 m6A methylation level; Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect miR-1246, METTL3, SIRT1 mRNA expression in cells; Western blot was used to detect METTL3, SIRT1 and endothelial mesenchymal transition(EndMT)markers protein expression in cells.RESULTS: The MiR-1246 regulated METTL3 expression. Compared with the control group, cell survival rate was decreased in the HG group, apoptosis rate was increased, and the number of migrating and invading cells were increased, lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)activity, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and interleukin(IL)-6 levels in cell culture supernatant were increased, IL-10 level was decreased, malondialdehyde(MDA)level was increased, superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity was decreased, miR-1246 expression was increased, total RNA m6A level and SIRT1 m6A level were decreased, METTL3, SIRT1, cluster of differentiation 31(CD31)and vascular endothelial cadherin(VE-cadherin)expression were decreased, while Vimentin and Snail1 expression were increased(all P<0.05); compared with the HG+anti-miR-NC group, cell survival rate was increased in the HG+anti-miR-1246 group, apoptosis rate was decreased, and the number of migrating and invading cells were decreased, LDH activity, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in cell culture supernatant were decreased, IL-10 level was increased, MDA level was decreased, SOD activity was increased, miR-1246 expression was decreased, total RNA m6A level and SIRT1 m6A level were increased, METTL3, SIRT1, CD31 and VE-cadherin expression were increased, while Vimentin and Snail1 expression were decreased(all P<0.05); compared with the HG+NC group, cell survival rate was increased in the HG+METTL3 group, apoptosis rate was decreased, and the number of migrating and invading cells were decreased, LDH activity, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in cell culture supernatant were decreased, IL-10 level was increased, MDA level was decreased, SOD activity was increased, miR-1246 expression was decreased, total RNA m6A level and SIRT1 m6A level were increased, METTL3, SIRT1, CD31 and VE-cadherin expression were increased, while Vimentin and Snail1 expression were decreased(all P<0.05); compared with the HG+miR-1246+NC group, cell survival rate was increased in the HG+miR-1246+METTL3 group, apoptosis rate was decreased, and the number of migrating and invading cells were decreased, LDH activity, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in cell culture supernatant were decreased, IL-10 level was increased, MDA level was decreased, SOD activity was increased, miR-1246 expression was decreased, total RNA m6A level and SIRT1 m6A level were increased, METTL3, SIRT1, CD31 and VE-cadherin expression were increased, while Vimentin and Snail1 expression were decreased(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The miR-1246 promotes high glucose-induced apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and EndMT process in RMECs cells by regulating METTL3 mediated SIRT1 m6A modification.

In recent years， with the extensive application of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） both domestically and internationally， safety concerns associated with TCM have been frequently reported. Notably， some TCM substances traditionally regarded as ''non-toxic'' have exhibited significant adverse reactions during clinical use， drawing substantial attention to TCM safety. This study first analyzed the risk factors contributing to the potential toxicity of TCM from perspectives such as drug properties， individual constitution， and clinical medication practices. Subsequently， it proposed research strategies and methodologies for investigating potential TCM toxicity： ① conduct studies under the guidance of TCM theory， adhering to the principle of diversity and unity. ② adopt an integrated research paradigm of ''originating from clinical practice-syndrome-based foundation-returning to clinical practice-serving supervision''. ③ implement a three-tier technical system of ''Mathematical modeling-high-throughput screening via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LC-MS）-systems biology'' to systematically elucidate the causes， material basis， and mechanisms of toxicity. Finally， scientific regulatory recommendations for potential TCM toxicity are proposed： ① establish a multidimensional prevention and control system addressing drug properties， physical constitution factors， and clinical medication practices. ② address the impact of modern processing techniques on the safety of new TCM drugs. ③ strengthen the revision of standards for Chinese medicinal materials to ensure their safety. ④ account for disease-syndrome combination animal models and interspecies differences in safety assessment outcomes. This study aims to overcome critical challenges in TCM regulation by advancing evaluation through research and driving research through evaluation. By establishing a high-level scientific regulatory framework， it seeks to not only safeguard clinical medication safety but also propel the high-quality development of the TCM industry， thereby providing scientific support for the inheritance and innovative evolution of TCM.

ObjectiveTo investigate the ameliorative effect of Wendantang combined with Danshenyin and Dushentang （WDD） on mice with ischemic heart disease （IHD） presenting phlegm-stasis syndrome based on the inflammatory phenotype and differentiation of circulating monocytes. MethodsA model of IHD with phlegm-stasis syndrome was established using left anterior descending coronary artery ligation supplemented with a high-fat diet. Eighty model mice were randomly assigned to the model group， WDD low-dose group （WDD-L）， WDD medium-dose group （WDD-M）， WDD high-dose group （WDD-H）， and atorvastatin calcium tablet group， with 16 mice in each group. An additional 16 C57BL/6J mice were designated as the sham-operation group. The WDD groups received intragastric administration at doses of 8.91， 17.81， 35.62 g·kg^-1， and the atorvastatin calcium tablet group received the corresponding drug at 1.3 mg·kg^-1， twice daily. The sham-operation and model groups were given the same volume of pure water by gavage each day. After 5 consecutive weeks of administration， the cardiac index was calculated. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. Myocardial histopathology was examined by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. Serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide （pro-BNP） content was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Hemorheological parameters were analyzed using an automated hemorheology analyzer. Serum levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， low-density lipoprotein （LDL）， and high-density lipoprotein （HDL） were determined using an automated biochemical analyzer. Changes in circulating monocytes were detected by flow cytometry. Mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells were isolated in vitro and divided into blank group， model serum group， WDD-L drug-containing serum group， WDD-M drug-containing serum group， and WDD-H drug-containing serum group. CD36 expression and macrophage differentiation in each group were assessed by flow cytometry. The mechanism by which WDD mediates circulating monocyte differentiation was further explored using CD36 knockdown/overexpression RAW264.7 cell lines. ResultsCompared with the sham-operation group， the model group showed a significantly increased cardiac index （P0.01）， significantly decreased fractional shortening （FS） （P0.01）， and significantly increased left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter （LVDD） and left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter （LVDS） （P0.01）. Cardiomyocytes exhibited marked deformation and necrosis with inflammatory cell infiltration. Serum pro-BNP levels were significantly elevated （P0.01）， and whole-blood viscosity （BV） at high， medium， and low shear rates was significantly increased （P0.01）. Compared with the model group， the WDD groups showed significantly reduced cardiac index （P0.05， P0.01）， significantly increased FS （P0.05， P0.01）， significantly decreased LVDD and LVDS （P0.01）， markedly improved cardiomyocyte morphology， significantly reduced inflammatory infiltration， significantly decreased serum pro-BNP levels （P0.01）， and significantly decreased BV at high， medium， and low shear rates （P0.01）， with the most pronounced improvement observed in the WDD-M group. Compared with the sham-operation group， TC， TG， and LDL levels were significantly increased in the model group （P0.05， P0.01）， while HDL levels were significantly decreased （P0.05）. After WDD-H treatment， TC， TG， and LDL levels were significantly reduced and HDL levels were significantly increased in mice （P0.05， P0.01）. Compared with the sham-operation group， classical monocytes in blood and bone marrow and intermediate monocytes in blood were significantly increased in the model group （P0.01）， whereas intermediate monocytes in bone marrow and non-classical monocytes in blood were significantly decreased （P0.01）. After WDD administration， all circulating monocyte subsets in blood and bone marrow were significantly alleviated （P0.05， P0.01）， with the WDD-M group showing the optimal effect. In vitro， compared with the blank group， CD36 expression on bone marrow monocytes and the proportion of differentiated macrophages were significantly increased in the model serum group （P0.01）， and CD36 expression was significantly upregulated on RAW264.7 cells （P0.01）. Compared with the model serum group， all drug-containing serum groups exhibited significantly reduced CD36 expression on bone marrow monocytes and significantly reduced macrophage differentiation （P0.01）. WDD downregulated CD36 expression in both CD36 knockdown and overexpression RAW264.7 cell lines （P0.05， P0.01）， with the strongest regulatory effect observed in the WDD-M drug-containing serum group. ConclusionWDD can significantly improve the manifestations of phlegm-stasis syndrome in IHD mice and reduce the proportion of classical circulating monocytes. Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of CD36 expression on classical circulating monocytes.

In recent years， with the extensive application of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） both domestically and internationally， safety concerns associated with TCM have been frequently reported. Notably， some TCM substances traditionally regarded as ''non-toxic'' have exhibited significant adverse reactions during clinical use， drawing substantial attention to TCM safety. This study first analyzed the risk factors contributing to the potential toxicity of TCM from perspectives such as drug properties， individual constitution， and clinical medication practices. Subsequently， it proposed research strategies and methodologies for investigating potential TCM toxicity： ① conduct studies under the guidance of TCM theory， adhering to the principle of diversity and unity. ② adopt an integrated research paradigm of ''originating from clinical practice-syndrome-based foundation-returning to clinical practice-serving supervision''. ③ implement a three-tier technical system of ''Mathematical modeling-high-throughput screening via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LC-MS）-systems biology'' to systematically elucidate the causes， material basis， and mechanisms of toxicity. Finally， scientific regulatory recommendations for potential TCM toxicity are proposed： ① establish a multidimensional prevention and control system addressing drug properties， physical constitution factors， and clinical medication practices. ② address the impact of modern processing techniques on the safety of new TCM drugs. ③ strengthen the revision of standards for Chinese medicinal materials to ensure their safety. ④ account for disease-syndrome combination animal models and interspecies differences in safety assessment outcomes. This study aims to overcome critical challenges in TCM regulation by advancing evaluation through research and driving research through evaluation. By establishing a high-level scientific regulatory framework， it seeks to not only safeguard clinical medication safety but also propel the high-quality development of the TCM industry， thereby providing scientific support for the inheritance and innovative evolution of TCM.

ObjectiveTo investigate the ameliorative effect of Wendantang combined with Danshenyin and Dushentang （WDD） on mice with ischemic heart disease （IHD） presenting phlegm-stasis syndrome based on the inflammatory phenotype and differentiation of circulating monocytes. MethodsA model of IHD with phlegm-stasis syndrome was established using left anterior descending coronary artery ligation supplemented with a high-fat diet. Eighty model mice were randomly assigned to the model group， WDD low-dose group （WDD-L）， WDD medium-dose group （WDD-M）， WDD high-dose group （WDD-H）， and atorvastatin calcium tablet group， with 16 mice in each group. An additional 16 C57BL/6J mice were designated as the sham-operation group. The WDD groups received intragastric administration at doses of 8.91， 17.81， 35.62 g·kg^-1， and the atorvastatin calcium tablet group received the corresponding drug at 1.3 mg·kg^-1， twice daily. The sham-operation and model groups were given the same volume of pure water by gavage each day. After 5 consecutive weeks of administration， the cardiac index was calculated. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. Myocardial histopathology was examined by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. Serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide （pro-BNP） content was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Hemorheological parameters were analyzed using an automated hemorheology analyzer. Serum levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， low-density lipoprotein （LDL）， and high-density lipoprotein （HDL） were determined using an automated biochemical analyzer. Changes in circulating monocytes were detected by flow cytometry. Mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells were isolated in vitro and divided into blank group， model serum group， WDD-L drug-containing serum group， WDD-M drug-containing serum group， and WDD-H drug-containing serum group. CD36 expression and macrophage differentiation in each group were assessed by flow cytometry. The mechanism by which WDD mediates circulating monocyte differentiation was further explored using CD36 knockdown/overexpression RAW264.7 cell lines. ResultsCompared with the sham-operation group， the model group showed a significantly increased cardiac index （P<0.01）， significantly decreased fractional shortening （FS） （P<0.01）， and significantly increased left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter （LVDD） and left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter （LVDS） （P<0.01）. Cardiomyocytes exhibited marked deformation and necrosis with inflammatory cell infiltration. Serum pro-BNP levels were significantly elevated （P<0.01）， and whole-blood viscosity （BV） at high， medium， and low shear rates was significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the WDD groups showed significantly reduced cardiac index （P<0.05， P<0.01）， significantly increased FS （P<0.05， P<0.01）， significantly decreased LVDD and LVDS （P<0.01）， markedly improved cardiomyocyte morphology， significantly reduced inflammatory infiltration， significantly decreased serum pro-BNP levels （P<0.01）， and significantly decreased BV at high， medium， and low shear rates （P<0.01）， with the most pronounced improvement observed in the WDD-M group. Compared with the sham-operation group， TC， TG， and LDL levels were significantly increased in the model group （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while HDL levels were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. After WDD-H treatment， TC， TG， and LDL levels were significantly reduced and HDL levels were significantly increased in mice （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the sham-operation group， classical monocytes in blood and bone marrow and intermediate monocytes in blood were significantly increased in the model group （P<0.01）， whereas intermediate monocytes in bone marrow and non-classical monocytes in blood were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. After WDD administration， all circulating monocyte subsets in blood and bone marrow were significantly alleviated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， with the WDD-M group showing the optimal effect. In vitro， compared with the blank group， CD36 expression on bone marrow monocytes and the proportion of differentiated macrophages were significantly increased in the model serum group （P<0.01）， and CD36 expression was significantly upregulated on RAW264.7 cells （P<0.01）. Compared with the model serum group， all drug-containing serum groups exhibited significantly reduced CD36 expression on bone marrow monocytes and significantly reduced macrophage differentiation （P<0.01）. WDD downregulated CD36 expression in both CD36 knockdown and overexpression RAW264.7 cell lines （P<0.05， P<0.01）， with the strongest regulatory effect observed in the WDD-M drug-containing serum group. ConclusionWDD can significantly improve the manifestations of phlegm-stasis syndrome in IHD mice and reduce the proportion of classical circulating monocytes. Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of CD36 expression on classical circulating monocytes.

Objective To systematically analyze the literature characteristics of Journal of Organ Transplantation since its inception. Methods Using the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) academic journal full-text database as the data source, all articles published in the Journal of Organ Transplantation from January 2010 to August 2025 were retrieved. After excluding non-academic papers, a total of 1 568 research papers were included. R language 4.3.0, Bibliometrix package 3.2.1, and Citespace software were used to analyze the number of publications, publishing institutions, authors, keywords and other aspects. Results The number of publications in Journal of Organ Transplantation increased from an average of 82 articles per year in the early years after its inception to 113 articles per year in recent years, a growth of 37.8%. The geographical distribution of publishing institutions covers 32 provinces, cities and autonomous regions nationwide, mainly concentrated in the South China, East China and North China regions, and has now basically covered the central and western regions in recent years. The author collaboration network includes 45 authors distributed across 7 major collaboration clusters, forming a stable multi-level national research system centered on key university-affiliated hospitals. The high-frequency keywords are dominated by "liver transplantation" (425 times) and "kidney transplantation" (396 times). The theme evolution shows a clear three-stage characteristic: initially focusing on clinical technology application, deepening to immune mechanism exploration in the middle stage, and recently (since 2022) focusing on cutting-edge research areas such as xenotransplantation. Conclusions Journal of Organ Transplantation has witnessed the rapid development of China's organ transplantation cause, fully reflecting the research status and trends in China's organ transplantation field, and has provided an important platform for the future development and international cooperation in China's organ transplantation field.

To summarize the clinical experience of Professor LIU Jinmin in treatment for epilepsy. It is believed that main pathogenesis of epilepsy is yangming failure to close and vital activity loss control， so a therapeutic approach focused on restoring the closure of yangming and regaining vital activity was proposed for the treatment of epilepsy. For excess syndrome， the treatment focuses on draining excess and descending qi， promoting purgation and restoring spirit. When yangming dryness-heat predominates， the approach involves unblock the bowels and regulating the spirit， descending qi and reducing fire， with modified Chengqi Decoction （承气汤） as prescription； when yangming phlegm-fire predominates， the treatment focuses on clearing heat and resolving phlegm， calming mind and suppressing fright， with modified Qingxin Wendan Decoction （清心温胆汤） as prescription； when yangming blood stasis predominates， the approach involves breaking up blood stasis and promoting purgation， eliminating stasis and awakening the mind， with Taoren Chengqi Decoction （桃核承气汤） as prescription. For deficiency syndrome， the treatment emphasizes tonifying deficiency and raising qi， strengthening the stomach and nourishing the spirit. When center qi deficiency and sinking of clear qi of the nutrients from food， the approach involves replenishing and uplifting qi while nourishing vital activity， with modified Liujunzi Decoction （六君子汤） as prescription； when yin deficiency and fluid consumption， the treatment focuses on nourishing stomach and tonifying yin， promoting fluid production and calming the spirit， with modified Maimendong Decoction （麦门冬汤） combined with Yiwei Decoction （益胃汤） as prescriptions. In clinical situations of deficiency-excess complex， it is essential to distinguish the primary condition from the secondary， applying both supplementing and draining methods flexibly to achieve optimal treatment.

ObjectiveTo construct and validate a clinical prediction model for Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in chronic heart failure （CHF），aiming to assist clinical diagnosis and provide tools and methods for individualized treatment of CHF. MethodsThe clinical data of patients with chronic heart failure treated at Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to January 2024 were retrospectively collected. The patients were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group with a ratio of 7∶3. First， the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator （LASSO） regression analysis was used to preliminarily screen the predictive factors affecting the diagnosis of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in CHF. Subsequently， the Logistic regression method was applied to conduct a more in-depth and detailed analysis of these factors. Variables with P<0.05 in the results of the multi-factor Logistic regression were carefully selected and included. Based on the regression coefficients obtained from this analysis， a model was constructed， and a nomogram was accurately drawn. Using R software，the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve，calibration curve，and decision curve analysis （DCA） were precisely drawn. These analyses were used to comprehensively evaluate the model from three crucial aspects： discrimination，calibration，and clinical applicability. Additionally， the accuracy，specificity，sensitivity，positive predictive value，and negative predictive value of the model were meticulously calculated to conduct a more all-round and comprehensive assessment. ResultsIn total， 168 cases were successfully obtained in the training group， and 71 cases were included in the validation group. After a thorough comparison， it was found that there were no statistically significant differences in the baseline data between the two groups. After being rigorously screened by the LASSO-multivariate logistic regression method， dark red tongue，smoking history，cardiac troponin I，and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide （NT-ProBNP） were identified as the influencing factors for diagnosing patients with the Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in CHF. The constructed model demonstrated an area under the curve （AUC） of 0.812 in the training group and 0.719 in the validation group. The calibration curve showed that the predicted curve of the model was close to the actual observed curve. DCA indicated that the model could provide substantial clinical benefits for patients at the decision thresholds ranging from 0.2 to 0.9. ConclusionThe clinical prediction model for Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in chronic heart failure constructed in this study shows good performance. It has certain application value in clinical practice， which may contribute to the improvement of the diagnosis and treatment of CHF patients with this syndrome.

Jianghuanglian is one of the representative processed products of Coptidis Rhizoma for treating cold syndrome with drugs of heat nature， and ginger is used to restrict the bitter cold of Coptidis Rhizoma， which can be traced back to Bojifang， and it is suitable for stagnation of damp-heat in middle-jiao， cold-heat mutual knots and other symptoms. Jianghuanglian retains the alkaloids， phenylpropanoids and flavonoids of Coptidis Rhizoma， and also introduces gingerol components such as 6-gingerol in ginger， which has pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory， antibacterial， anti-tumor， and improving gastrointestinal function. The 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia and many local processing specifications have included the traditional processing process and quality standards of Jianghuanglian， but the specific process parameters and quality standards are incomplete， which limits the production and clinical application of this processed product. By summarizing the processing history， process research， quality evaluation， pharmacodynamic and medicinal property changes and application of Jianghuanglian in the past 20 years， there are differences in the processing methods and standards in various provinces and cities， which are mainly reflected in the preparation method， dosage， processing process and quantitative standards of ginger juice. In addition， there are also certain differences in the changes of the main components of Jianghuanglian prepared from ginger or dried ginger， as well as their efficacy and medicinal properties. The research on the processing process of Jianghuanglian plays an important role in improving its quality standards， and this review can provide a reference for improving the quality evaluation system of Jianghuanglian.

The occurrence of diabetes mellitus （DM） is closely related to insulin resistance and islet β cell dysfunction. Modern studies have found that macrophages are widely present in the liver，fat，skeletal muscle，islets， and other tissues and organs. Macrophage M1/M2 polarization plays an important role in the occurrence and development of diabetes mellitus and its related complications by intervening in inflammatory response，improving insulin resistance，and promoting tissue repair. Most of the traditional Chinese medicines that regulate the activation and polarization of macrophages are Qi-replenishing and Yin-nourishing，heat-clearing， and detoxicating medicinal，which are consistent with the etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes and its related complications. Therefore，by summarizing the mechanisms between macrophage activation，polarization， and insulin resistance in various tissues，this paper reviewed traditional Chinese medicine and its effective components and compounds in improving diabetes mellitus and its related complications through multi-channel regulation of macrophage polarization and regulation of M1/M2 ratio，providing references for the future treatment of DM and its related complications with traditional Chinese medicine.