Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are common across industries. Workers in the hairdressing industry are frequently exposed to repetitive upper-limb movements and awkward working postures, which may increase their susceptibility to WMSDs. However, evidence on WMSDs among workers in this industry remains limited. Objective This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of self-reported WMSDs symptoms and associated factors among workers in the hairdressing industry in Hongkou District, Shanghai. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using quota sampling in all eight subdistricts of Hongkou District, Shanghai. Hair salons in each subdistrict were ranked by the number of hairdressers and shampoo workers, and the 6 salons with the largest staff size in each subdistrict were selected, resulting in 48 survey sites. Hairdressers and shampoo workers who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were surveyed using the Chinese version of the Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire. Information on their individual characteristics, musculoskeletal symptoms, and work-related factors was collected. Chi-square tests and Firth logistic regression were used to estimate the prevalence of self-reported WMSDs symptoms and identify associated factors. Results The overall prevalence of self-reported WMSDs symptoms among workers in the hairdressing industry was 45.72%. Among hairdressers, the most commonly affected body regions were the neck (31.51%), shoulders (25.57%), lower back (15.98%), and feet (14.61%). Among shampoo workers, the most commonly affected regions were the neck (24.17%), lower back (24.17%), shoulders (20.83%), and upper back (10.83%). Firth logistic regression showed that fatigue in the corresponding body region after several hours of continuous work was positively associated with self-reported WMSDs symptoms in both types of workers (OR=6.544-52.838). Regarding individual characteristics, shorter height (female≤160 cm, male≤165 cm) was positively associated with self-reported neck and foot symptoms among hairdressers, and self-reported shoulder symptoms among shampoo workers (OR=16.324, 15.084, 9.680). Female shampoo workers had higher odds of self-reported neck symptoms than male shampoo workers (OR=4.924). Smoking was positively associated with self-reported upper-back and lower-back symptoms among shampoo workers (OR=10.544, 4.381). Among work-related factors, maintaining a fixed neck posture for long periods among hairdressers and prolonged standing among shampoo workers were positively associated with self-reported neck symptoms (OR=6.123, 3.080). Among shampoo workers, frequent overtime and maintaining a twisted posture were positively associated with self-reported upper-back symptoms (OR=11.710, 35.306). Sufficient rest time was negatively associated with self-reported foot symptoms among hairdressers (OR=0.238). Conclusion The prevalence of self-reported WMSDs symptoms was relatively high among workers in the hairdressing industry. Work-related fatigue and awkward working postures were strongly associated with WMSDs symptoms. Measures such as optimizing work-rest schedule, improving ergonomic workplace design, implementing fatigue monitoring and management, promoting work-break exercises, and providing training on appropriate working posture may help reduce the burden of WMSDs symptoms in this occupational group.

Circadian rhythm synchronize internal biological functions with environmental light-dark cycles. Impaired pancreatic β-cell function is a critical mechanism in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. Emerging evidence suggests that circadian rhythm disturbances—caused by factors such as shift work, sleep deprivation, and gene mutations—are closely associated with β-cell dysfunction. This review summarizes recent research advances on the relationship between circadian rhythm disturbance and impaired β-cell function, and explores the potential underlying mechanisms.

The reverse phase nystagmus is not uncommon in clinical practice.Inadequate understanding brings great confusion to clinical diagnosis and treatment,which leads to misdiagnosis frequently and also increases the eco-nomic burden on patients.The purpose of this paper is to summarize and analyze the mechanism,characteristics and clinical significance of reverse phase nystagmus,to help clinicians better understand the significance of inversion nys-tagmus in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,in order to achieve accurate and efficient diagnosis and treatment of these patients.

Objective:To explore the epidemiological characteristics, imaging findings, pulmonary function changes, dust exposure situations, and treatment outcomes of accelerated silicosis through an analysis of existing literature.Methods:In December 2024, relevant literature from January 1, 1965 to December 15, 2024 was retrieved through the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database, EMbase, and PubMed databases. Keywords included "rapidly progressive silicosis" "accelerated silicosis" "subacute silicosis""artificial stone" and related terms. By incorporating, analyzing, and retrieving data from literatures, a comprehensive review of the epidemiology, clinical features, treatment options, and prognosis of fast forward silicosis was conducted.Results:A total of 72 literatures were included, including 23 cohort studies, 28 case reports, 3 case-control studies, and 18 cross-sectional studies. The average age of all 1794 patients was 33.67 years, with an average dust exposure duration of 5.58 years. The primary occupations associated with accelerated silicosis were stone processing, mining, and artificial quartz stone manufacturing. Imaging findings predominantly included small nodules, ground-glass opacities, and massive fibrosis. Antifibrotic treatment at the early stage of the disease could clearly delay disease progression. However, dust concentrations in workplaces were significantly above safety limits, with inadequate protective measures.Conclusion:Accelerated silicosis is characterized by its rapid onset, swift progression, and unfavorable prognosis. However, it has not garnered adequate attention in the present context. Reliable standard and guidelines are urgently needed to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To explore the method of CT quantitative evaluation of silicosis fibrosis in artificial stone and analyze its correlation with the stage of chest X-ray and lung function impairment.Methods:The clinical data of 142 patients with artificial stone silicosis who were treated at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were collected. These patients were diagnosed based on GBZ 70-2015 Diagnosis of Occupational Pneumoconiosis and underwent chest X-rays, chest CT scans, and lung function tests within a two-month period. The chest CT scoring method is based on the CT characteristics of silicosis, including ground-glass shadows, small nodule shadows, point-line shadows/cord-line shadows, emphysema/pulmonary bullae and patch shadows/mass shadows, with a scoring range of 0 to 25 points. Lung function indicators included FVC, FEV 1 and DLco. For inter-group comparisons of normally distributed quantitative data, one-way ANOVA was employed with LSD post-hoc test for multiple comparisons. Chi-square test was used for multi-group ratio comparisons. Kruskal-Wallis H test was applied to non-normally distributed quantitative data, followed by LSD post-hoc test. Spearman's rank correlation was used to analyze the relationship between pulmonary function indicators and CT fibrosis scores, Trend test was conducted using the Pearson test. Results:As the silicosis stage progressed, both the CT fibrosis score ( R=0.87, Ptrend<0.001) and the degree of lung function impairment (FVC: R=-0.41, Ptrend<0.001; FEV 1: R=-0.52, Ptrend<0.001) ; DLco: R=-0.38, Ptrend<0.001) showed an increasing trend. The CT fibrosis Score demonstrated a strong positive correlation with silicosis stage ( rs=0.85, Ptrend<0.001) and a moderate negative correlation with FVC, FEV 1, and DLco ( rs=-0.48, -0.56, and -0.45, respectively, with all P<0.05) . Over an average follow-up period of 14 months, it was observed that changes in the CT score had a strong to moderate negative correlation with variations in FVC and FEV 1 ( rs=-0.63 and -0.52, P<0.05) . Additionally, there was a moderate negative correlation between ground glass opacity and DLco ( rs=-0.52, P<0.001) . Conclusion:The CT fibrosis score not only reflects pathological changes associated with artificial stone-related silicosis but also provides a more precise representation of lung function injury.

Objective:To explore the method of CT quantitative evaluation of silicosis fibrosis in artificial stone and analyze its correlation with the stage of chest X-ray and lung function impairment.Methods:The clinical data of 142 patients with artificial stone silicosis who were treated at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were collected. These patients were diagnosed based on GBZ 70-2015 Diagnosis of Occupational Pneumoconiosis and underwent chest X-rays, chest CT scans, and lung function tests within a two-month period. The chest CT scoring method is based on the CT characteristics of silicosis, including ground-glass shadows, small nodule shadows, point-line shadows/cord-line shadows, emphysema/pulmonary bullae and patch shadows/mass shadows, with a scoring range of 0 to 25 points. Lung function indicators included FVC, FEV 1 and DLco. For inter-group comparisons of normally distributed quantitative data, one-way ANOVA was employed with LSD post-hoc test for multiple comparisons. Chi-square test was used for multi-group ratio comparisons. Kruskal-Wallis H test was applied to non-normally distributed quantitative data, followed by LSD post-hoc test. Spearman's rank correlation was used to analyze the relationship between pulmonary function indicators and CT fibrosis scores, Trend test was conducted using the Pearson test. Results:As the silicosis stage progressed, both the CT fibrosis score ( R=0.87, Ptrend<0.001) and the degree of lung function impairment (FVC: R=-0.41, Ptrend<0.001; FEV 1: R=-0.52, Ptrend<0.001) ; DLco: R=-0.38, Ptrend<0.001) showed an increasing trend. The CT fibrosis Score demonstrated a strong positive correlation with silicosis stage ( rs=0.85, Ptrend<0.001) and a moderate negative correlation with FVC, FEV 1, and DLco ( rs=-0.48, -0.56, and -0.45, respectively, with all P<0.05) . Over an average follow-up period of 14 months, it was observed that changes in the CT score had a strong to moderate negative correlation with variations in FVC and FEV 1 ( rs=-0.63 and -0.52, P<0.05) . Additionally, there was a moderate negative correlation between ground glass opacity and DLco ( rs=-0.52, P<0.001) . Conclusion:The CT fibrosis score not only reflects pathological changes associated with artificial stone-related silicosis but also provides a more precise representation of lung function injury.

The reverse phase nystagmus is not uncommon in clinical practice.Inadequate understanding brings great confusion to clinical diagnosis and treatment,which leads to misdiagnosis frequently and also increases the eco-nomic burden on patients.The purpose of this paper is to summarize and analyze the mechanism,characteristics and clinical significance of reverse phase nystagmus,to help clinicians better understand the significance of inversion nys-tagmus in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,in order to achieve accurate and efficient diagnosis and treatment of these patients.

Circadian rhythm synchronize internal biological functions with environmental light-dark cycles. Impaired pancreatic β-cell function is a critical mechanism in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. Emerging evidence suggests that circadian rhythm disturbances—caused by factors such as shift work, sleep deprivation, and gene mutations—are closely associated with β-cell dysfunction. This review summarizes recent research advances on the relationship between circadian rhythm disturbance and impaired β-cell function, and explores the potential underlying mechanisms.

Objective:To explore the epidemiological characteristics, imaging findings, pulmonary function changes, dust exposure situations, and treatment outcomes of accelerated silicosis through an analysis of existing literature.Methods:In December 2024, relevant literature from January 1, 1965 to December 15, 2024 was retrieved through the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database, EMbase, and PubMed databases. Keywords included "rapidly progressive silicosis" "accelerated silicosis" "subacute silicosis""artificial stone" and related terms. By incorporating, analyzing, and retrieving data from literatures, a comprehensive review of the epidemiology, clinical features, treatment options, and prognosis of fast forward silicosis was conducted.Results:A total of 72 literatures were included, including 23 cohort studies, 28 case reports, 3 case-control studies, and 18 cross-sectional studies. The average age of all 1794 patients was 33.67 years, with an average dust exposure duration of 5.58 years. The primary occupations associated with accelerated silicosis were stone processing, mining, and artificial quartz stone manufacturing. Imaging findings predominantly included small nodules, ground-glass opacities, and massive fibrosis. Antifibrotic treatment at the early stage of the disease could clearly delay disease progression. However, dust concentrations in workplaces were significantly above safety limits, with inadequate protective measures.Conclusion:Accelerated silicosis is characterized by its rapid onset, swift progression, and unfavorable prognosis. However, it has not garnered adequate attention in the present context. Reliable standard and guidelines are urgently needed to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To investigate the genetic causes of auditory neuropathy with optic atrophy in a family.Methods The proband's medical history and family history were inquired in detail,and relevant clinical examina-tions were performed to confirm the diagnosis of auditory neuropathy with optic atrophy,and the genetic pedigree of the family was drawn.Peripheral blood of proband(Ⅲ-7)was collected for whole exome sequencing,and the patho-genicity of the detected mutations were interpreted.Blood samples of proband's wife(Ⅲ-8),eldest daughter(Ⅳ-7),second daughter(Ⅳ-9)and son(Ⅳ-10)were tested for mutation sites by Sanger sequencing.Combined with clinical manifestations and examination results,the family was studied.Results The genetic pattern of this family was autosomal dominant.The proband showed decreased visual acuity at the age of 19,bilateral sensorineural deaf-ness at the age of 30,and decreased speech recognition rate.Among 20 members of the family of 5 generations,10(2 deceased)showed similar symptoms of hearing and visual impairment.Proband(Ⅲ-7),eldest daughter(Ⅳ-7)and son(Ⅳ-10)underwent relevant examination.Pure tone audiometry showed bilateral sensorineural deafness.ABR showed no response bilaterally.The 40 Hz AERP showed no response in both ears.OAE showed responses in some or all of the frequencies.No stapedial reflex was detected.The eye movement of Ⅲ-7 and Ⅳ-10 were reasona-ble in all directions,and color vision was normal.Ocular papilla atrophy was observed in different degrees in fundus examination.OCT showed thinning of optic disc nerve fibers in both eyes,and visual evoked potential showed pro-longed P100 wave peak.They were diagnosed as hereditary auditory neuropathy with optic atrophy.A mutation of the OPA1 gene c.1334G＞A(p.Arg445His,NM_015560.2)at a pathogenic locus on chromosome 3 was detected by whole exon detection in Ⅲ-7.The results of generation sequencing analysis showed that the OPA1 gene c.1334G＞A(p.Arg445His,NM_015560.2)mutation of chromosome 3 was also found in Ⅳ-7 and Ⅳ-10.Meanwhile,the gen-otypes of Ⅲ-8 and Ⅳ-9 were wild homozygous,that is,no mutation occurred.Conclusion The OPA1 c.1334G＞A(p.Arg445His,NM_015560.2)mutation site might be the pathogenic mutation in this family.