OBJECTIVE To explore the transformation of the dispensing and drug pickup process in traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy （TCM Pharmacy） in our hospital based on data-intelligence-driven， aiming to improve pharmacists’ work efficiency and patients’ drug pickup experience. METHODS Value stream mapping and journey mapping were used to systematically identify non-value-added links in pharmacists’ dispensing process and key pain points in patients’ drug pickup under the traditional process. An intelligent dispensing and drug pickup system for the TCM Pharmacy was developed based on the C# and Android television platforms， and a machine-learning model was adopted to predict patients’ drug pickup waiting time. A comprehensive evaluation was performed from three perspectives： system performance， prediction accuracy， and satisfaction of pharmacists and patients. RESULTS The system successfully streamlined non-value-added links such as “waiting for writing on the board” and “searching for drugs”， and realized multimodal dynamic prompts of dispensing status through auditory （number calling） and visual （television terminal） channels. The constructed model for predicting drug pickup waiting time exhibited good fitting degree and generalization ability （mean absolute error＝4.28 min， R 2 ＝0.882）. The comprehensive satisfaction scores of pharmacists and patients in the traditional mode were significantly increased from （70.99±1.74） and （73.58±1.98） to （90.02±1.30） and （88.61±2.08） in the new system， respectively （ P ＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS The transformation of the intelligent drug dispensing and pickup system for TCM pharmacy based on data-intelligence-driven effectively improves the efficiency of pharmacists’ dispensing work， realizes process transparency and waiting time predictability， and significantly enhances patients’ drug pickup experience.

Objective This study aims to investigate and analyze the distribution of MN blood type among ethnic minorities in China. Methods Through a systematic retrieval of the 981 literature related to MN blood group distribution, 120 literature, meeting the criteria of this study, with complete data were selected. The literature covers 49 ethnic minorities. SPSS 26 statistical software was used to analyze the data. Results The results showed that among the 49 ethnic minorities in China, the phenotype distribution of MN blood type was MN>MM>NN, with proportions of 42.54%, 41.86%, and 15.06% respectively. The gene frequency for MN blood type exhibited a trend of m>n, with a gene frequency of m being 0.6313 and n being 0.3687. Cluster analysis divided the Chinese ethnic minorities into three groups based on the gene frequency for m, showing the characteristics of Group I>Group II>Group III. Conclusion The MN blood type characteristics in Chinese ethnic minorities show a higher frequency of the M gene compared to the N gene. The frequency of the M gene is higher in southern ethnic minorities than in northern ones. There are significant differences between southwestern ethnic minorities and the Han nationality, but no differences with long-term mixed/settled Han populations.
Humans ; China/ethnology* ; Minority Groups ; Ethnicity/genetics* ; Gene Frequency ; Asian People/genetics* ; Blood Group Antigens/genetics*

Enamel demineralization, the formation of white spot lesions, is a common issue in clinical orthodontic treatment. The appearance of white spot lesions not only affects the texture and health of dental hard tissues but also impacts the health and aesthetics of teeth after orthodontic treatment. The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of white spot lesions that occur throughout the orthodontic treatment process involve multiple dental specialties. This expert consensus will focus on providing guiding opinions on the management and prevention of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment, advocating for proactive prevention, early detection, timely treatment, scientific follow-up, and multidisciplinary management of white spot lesions throughout the orthodontic process, thereby maintaining the dental health of patients during orthodontic treatment.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Caries/etiology* ; Dental Enamel/pathology* ; Tooth Demineralization/etiology* ; Tooth Remineralization

Objective:To investigate the methods and skills required for the safe and swift removal of primary or secondary sacral tumors located between the second (inclusive) and fourth sacral vertebrae.Methods:The clinical images, pathology reports, surgical procedures, operation durations, intraoperative bleeding volumes, and postoperative functional follow-up data of 26 patients undergoing sacral tumor resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital between May 2020 and February 2025 were retrospectively examined. Additionally, the safety measures for sacral tumor resection and techniques for expedited specimen removal were evaluated.Results:According to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, all 26 patients presented with sacral tumors located between the second (inclusive) and fourth sacral vertebrae. Specifically, 9 patients were diagnosed with primary sacral tumors, pathologically confirmed as chordomas, while 17 patients had secondary sacral tumors. Among the secondary tumor cases, 12 were attributed to recurrent rectal cancer invading the sacrum, and 5 were due to malignant teratomas invading the sacrum. The 26 patients underwent a treatment strategy that began with managing the relationship between the internal iliac artery, vein branches, and the tumor, followed by the resection of the sacrum. During surgery, the bilateral sciatic foramina were accurately positioned, and the presacral fascia was dissected subsequent to the fracture of the sacrum. Among the 26 patients, 9 underwent sacral tumor resection directly through the posterior sacral approach. The average operation time for these patients was (71.1±4.9) minutes, with average blood loss of (186.7±72.8) milliliters. On the other hand, 17 patients underwent sacral tumor resection by transitioning from the supine position to the prone knife position through a combined abdominal and sacral approach. The average operation time for this group was (213.5±19.3) minutes, with average blood loss of (480.0±93.0) milliliters, significantly longer than that of the posterior sacral approach. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 48 months, with a median of 20 months, ending on March 31, 2025. During this time, 26 patients achieved autonomous defecation with the aid of medication. None of the patients reported any functional movement disorders or pain in their lower limbs. It was observed that two out of the 26 patients developed distant metastasis, while the remaining 24 patients survived without any tumors.Conclusion:By pretreated the relationship between the internal iliac vessels and sacral tumors prior to resecting sacral tumors, utilizing the approach of initially fracturing the sacrum followed by rupturing the presacral fascia, the tumor can be entirely eliminated, resulting in a brief surgical procedure, reduced intraoperative bleeding, and minimal postoperative complications.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Targeted Ⅱ Formula(composed of Astragali Radix,Pseudostellariae Radix,Ophiopogonis Radix,Asparagi Radix,Glehniae Radix,Rehmanniae Radix,Ligustri Lucidi Fructus,Ecliptae Herba,Polygonati Rhizoma,Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma,etc.)in delaying epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)resistance in EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients with.Methods Between January 1,2019 and June 30,2023,64 NSCLC patients with qi-yin deficiency syndrome treated at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital(affiliated to Tongji University)were stratified based on their 1-month post-targeted therapy response and then were randomized into a treatment group(receiving Icotinib plus Targeted Ⅱ Formula decoction)or a control group(receiving Icotinib alone).Patients were followed-up until disease progression.Progression-free survival(PFS),adverse events,quality of life,and immune function were assessed.Results(1)In terms of PFS,the mean PFS in the treatment group was(18.78±7.17)months,while that in the control group was(11.76±4.26)months.The PFS in the treatment group was significantly longer than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.001);the 1-year PFS rate in the treatment group was 87.50％(28/32),significantly higher than the 38.71％(12/31)in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.001).(2)In terms of adverse reactions,the incidence of targeted drug-related rash in the treatment group was 68.75％(22/32),lower than that of the control group(80.65％,25/31),but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).In terms of rash grading,both groups primarily had Grade 1 rashes,and the treatment group had fewer Grade 2 and 3 rashes than the control group,indicating that the severity of rashes was more pronounced in the control group.(3)In terms of quality of life,after treatment,the Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)score in the treatment group significantly increased compared to before treatment(P＜0.05),while the control group showed no significant increase compared to before treatment(P＞0.05).The intergroup comparison revealed that the increase of KPS scores in the treatment group was significantly greater than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).(4)In terms of immune function,after treatment,the levels of CD8+T lymphocytes and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in peripheral blood were significantly higher in the treatment group than before treatment(P＜0.05),while those in the control group were significantly lower than before treatment(P＜0.05);Intergroup comparisons revealed that the treatment group exhibited a significantly greater reduction in peripheral blood CD8+T lymphocyte and IFN-γ expression levels compared to the control group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Conclusion This study employed an innovative stratified randomization design to eliminate bias in Icotinib efficacy.The results demonstrate that Targeted Ⅱ Formula effectively delays EGFR-TKI resistance,mitigates adverse events,and improves quality of life in EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC patients with qi-yin deficiency syndrome,supporting its role as an adjuvant therapy in targeted lung cancer treatment.

Objective Using network pharmacology research methods and animal pharmacology experiments,explore the mechanism of antidepressant effects of traditional Chinese medicine Citron and Bergamot.Methods Using the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),ETCM,Symmap,Swiss Target Prediction,and Uniprot data platforms,screen the active ingredients and corresponding gene targets of Citron and Bergamot.Obtain depression gene targets using OMIM,TTD,and Cenecards data platforms.Using Venny 2.1 online software,draw Venn diagrams of the intersection of active ingredients and gene targets.Draw network diagrams between drugs,active ingredients,targets,and diseases using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software.Construct a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network diagram using the STRING data platform for intersecting genes.Using the Metascape data platform,perform gene ontology(GO)function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genesand and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis.A rat depression model was established using chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)combined with solitary care,and animal experiments were conducted to verify the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway obtained from network pharmacology research.Results The research results of network pharmacology methods show that there are 57 antidepressant active ingredients in Citron,65 antidepressant active ingredients in Bergamot,and important active ingredients include Acetic acid,3,4,7-trimethoxycoumarin and Citric acid,etc.Through the data platform,2717 depression targets and 430 intersection targets were identified.Through PPI network analysis,key gene targets for antidepressant effects in Citron and Bergamot were identified,including TP53,Protein kinase B1,CREB-binding protein,Brain derived neurotrophic factor,etc.Through KEGG analysis,it was found that important signaling pathways include pathways in cancer,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,Neurotrophin signaling pathway,etc.By observing the neurotrophic factor BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway in depressed rats,the results showed that the medium dose groups of Citron and Bergamot could significantly increase serum BDNF content(P<0.05),and each treatment group could improve the damage of hippocampal neurons in rats.The high and medium dose groups of Citron and Bergamot significantly increased the expression of BDNF protein in the hippocampal CA1 region(P<0.05,P<0.01).Except for the low-dose group,which showed no difference in TrkB mRNA gene expression,all other treatment groups significantly increased the mRNA gene expression levels of hippocampal BDNF,TrkB and CREB(P<0.01).The medium dose group of Citron and Bergamot increased the expression of BDNF protein in the hippocampus(P<0.01),while the medium and low dose groups significantly increased the relative expression of TrkB protein in the hippocampus(P<0.05).The medium dose group showed an increasing trend in the relative expression of CREB protein.Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine Citron and Bergamot have therapeutic effects on depression models in rats,and the mechanism of action may be related to the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the methods and skills required for the safe and swift removal of primary or secondary sacral tumors located between the second (inclusive) and fourth sacral vertebrae.Methods:The clinical images, pathology reports, surgical procedures, operation durations, intraoperative bleeding volumes, and postoperative functional follow-up data of 26 patients undergoing sacral tumor resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital between May 2020 and February 2025 were retrospectively examined. Additionally, the safety measures for sacral tumor resection and techniques for expedited specimen removal were evaluated.Results:According to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, all 26 patients presented with sacral tumors located between the second (inclusive) and fourth sacral vertebrae. Specifically, 9 patients were diagnosed with primary sacral tumors, pathologically confirmed as chordomas, while 17 patients had secondary sacral tumors. Among the secondary tumor cases, 12 were attributed to recurrent rectal cancer invading the sacrum, and 5 were due to malignant teratomas invading the sacrum. The 26 patients underwent a treatment strategy that began with managing the relationship between the internal iliac artery, vein branches, and the tumor, followed by the resection of the sacrum. During surgery, the bilateral sciatic foramina were accurately positioned, and the presacral fascia was dissected subsequent to the fracture of the sacrum. Among the 26 patients, 9 underwent sacral tumor resection directly through the posterior sacral approach. The average operation time for these patients was (71.1±4.9) minutes, with average blood loss of (186.7±72.8) milliliters. On the other hand, 17 patients underwent sacral tumor resection by transitioning from the supine position to the prone knife position through a combined abdominal and sacral approach. The average operation time for this group was (213.5±19.3) minutes, with average blood loss of (480.0±93.0) milliliters, significantly longer than that of the posterior sacral approach. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 48 months, with a median of 20 months, ending on March 31, 2025. During this time, 26 patients achieved autonomous defecation with the aid of medication. None of the patients reported any functional movement disorders or pain in their lower limbs. It was observed that two out of the 26 patients developed distant metastasis, while the remaining 24 patients survived without any tumors.Conclusion:By pretreated the relationship between the internal iliac vessels and sacral tumors prior to resecting sacral tumors, utilizing the approach of initially fracturing the sacrum followed by rupturing the presacral fascia, the tumor can be entirely eliminated, resulting in a brief surgical procedure, reduced intraoperative bleeding, and minimal postoperative complications.

Objective Using network pharmacology research methods and animal pharmacology experiments,explore the mechanism of antidepressant effects of traditional Chinese medicine Citron and Bergamot.Methods Using the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),ETCM,Symmap,Swiss Target Prediction,and Uniprot data platforms,screen the active ingredients and corresponding gene targets of Citron and Bergamot.Obtain depression gene targets using OMIM,TTD,and Cenecards data platforms.Using Venny 2.1 online software,draw Venn diagrams of the intersection of active ingredients and gene targets.Draw network diagrams between drugs,active ingredients,targets,and diseases using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software.Construct a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network diagram using the STRING data platform for intersecting genes.Using the Metascape data platform,perform gene ontology(GO)function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genesand and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis.A rat depression model was established using chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)combined with solitary care,and animal experiments were conducted to verify the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway obtained from network pharmacology research.Results The research results of network pharmacology methods show that there are 57 antidepressant active ingredients in Citron,65 antidepressant active ingredients in Bergamot,and important active ingredients include Acetic acid,3,4,7-trimethoxycoumarin and Citric acid,etc.Through the data platform,2717 depression targets and 430 intersection targets were identified.Through PPI network analysis,key gene targets for antidepressant effects in Citron and Bergamot were identified,including TP53,Protein kinase B1,CREB-binding protein,Brain derived neurotrophic factor,etc.Through KEGG analysis,it was found that important signaling pathways include pathways in cancer,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,Neurotrophin signaling pathway,etc.By observing the neurotrophic factor BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway in depressed rats,the results showed that the medium dose groups of Citron and Bergamot could significantly increase serum BDNF content(P<0.05),and each treatment group could improve the damage of hippocampal neurons in rats.The high and medium dose groups of Citron and Bergamot significantly increased the expression of BDNF protein in the hippocampal CA1 region(P<0.05,P<0.01).Except for the low-dose group,which showed no difference in TrkB mRNA gene expression,all other treatment groups significantly increased the mRNA gene expression levels of hippocampal BDNF,TrkB and CREB(P<0.01).The medium dose group of Citron and Bergamot increased the expression of BDNF protein in the hippocampus(P<0.01),while the medium and low dose groups significantly increased the relative expression of TrkB protein in the hippocampus(P<0.05).The medium dose group showed an increasing trend in the relative expression of CREB protein.Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine Citron and Bergamot have therapeutic effects on depression models in rats,and the mechanism of action may be related to the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway.

China is one of the countries with the fastest growth in diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes among adults in China is as high as 12.4%, while the awareness rate of patients is only 36.7%, the standardized diagnosis and treatment rate is 32.9%, and the rate of achieving control targets is 50.1%. Diabetes prevention and control has become a major issue related to national economy and people′s livelihood. The data from 2015 to 2017 in Shanxi indicate that the prevalence of diabetes among adults aged 18 and above is 10.4%, while the prevalence of prediabetes is 34.5%. Moreover, the awareness, treatment, and control rates of diabetes among patients remain suboptimal. How to adhere to the principle of innovation while maintaining the core values, and efficiently apply and fully promote the standardized diabetes prevention and control model of National Diabetes Prevention and Control Center (DPCC) in Shanxi Province, is undoubtedly an important topic with great significance for exploration and practice. The Shanxi sub-center of DPCC has sorted out some working ideas based on more than two years of specific practical experience for reference.

China is one of the countries with the fastest growth in diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes among adults in China is as high as 12.4%, while the awareness rate of patients is only 36.7%, the standardized diagnosis and treatment rate is 32.9%, and the rate of achieving control targets is 50.1%. Diabetes prevention and control has become a major issue related to national economy and people′s livelihood. The data from 2015 to 2017 in Shanxi indicate that the prevalence of diabetes among adults aged 18 and above is 10.4%, while the prevalence of prediabetes is 34.5%. Moreover, the awareness, treatment, and control rates of diabetes among patients remain suboptimal. How to adhere to the principle of innovation while maintaining the core values, and efficiently apply and fully promote the standardized diabetes prevention and control model of National Diabetes Prevention and Control Center (DPCC) in Shanxi Province, is undoubtedly an important topic with great significance for exploration and practice. The Shanxi sub-center of DPCC has sorted out some working ideas based on more than two years of specific practical experience for reference.