Objective To analyze the rotavirus(RV) vaccine coverage among children in the birth cohorts in Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2015 to 2023, so as to provide a scientific support for RV vaccination.Methods The data were collected through the Beijing Immunization Planning Information Management System, and descriptive epidemiological methods were used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 36 248 doses of RV vaccines were inoculated among children born in Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2015 to 2023, and the overall coverage levels for the first, second, and third doses were 43. 03%, 28. 55% and 18. 72%, respectively. The vaccination rate had shown an overall upward trend over the years(χ~2_(trend)= 4 554. 383, 8 016. 090 and 9 143. 411, respectively, each P < 0. 001). The coverage levels for the first, second, and third doses of Lanzhou lamprotavirus vaccine(LLR) were 22. 91%, 9. 04% and 1. 28% among the 2015-2023 birth cohorts respectively, and the vaccination rate had shown an upward trend followed by a downward trend with the years. The coverage levels for the first, second, and third doses of pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine(RV5) among the 2018-2023 birth cohorts were 33. 30%, 32. 30% and 28. 87%, respectively, and the vaccination rate had shown an overall upward trend over the years(χ~2_(trend)= 3 745. 642, 3 402. 195 and 3 237. 052, respectively, each P < 0. 001). The vaccination rates of the first, second, and third doses of LLR and RV5 in different regions showed statistically significant differences(LLR: χ~2=1 244. 175, 1 100. 036 and 44. 453, respectively, each P < 0. 001; RV5: χ~2= 649. 139, 567. 390 and 464. 887, respectively,each P < 0. 001), with a gradual increasing trend from west to east area.Conclusion The vaccination rate of RV vaccine among children born in Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2015 to 2023 is relatively low, and it is necessary to further strengthen publicity and enhance parental awareness, so as to increase the RV vaccination rate for the effective prevention of childhood RV diarrhea.

Hypercholesterolemia is a significant risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. 2',3',5'-Tri-O-acetyl-N ⁶-(3-hydroxyphenyl) adenosine (IMM-H007), a novel AMPK agonist, has shown protective effects in metabolic diseases. However, its impact on cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism in hypercholesterolemia remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the effects and specific mechanisms by which IMM-H007 regulates cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism. To achieve this goal, we used Apoe ^-/- and Ldlr ^-/- mice to establish a hypercholesterolemia/atherosclerosis model. Additionally, hepatocyte-specific Ampka1/2 knockout mice were subjected to a 5-week high-cholesterol diet to establish hypercholesterolemia, while atherosclerosis was induced via AAV-PCSK9 injection combined with a 16-week high-cholesterol diet. Our results demonstrated that IMM-H007 improved cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism in mice with hypercholesterolemia. Mechanistically, IMM-H007 modulated the AMPKα1/2-LDLR signaling pathway, increasing cholesterol uptake in the liver. Furthermore, IMM-H007 activated the AMPKα1-FXR pathway, promoting the conversion of hepatic cholesterol to bile acids. Additionally, IMM-H007 prevented hepatic steatosis by activating the AMPKα1/2-ATGL pathway. In conclusion, our study suggests that IMM-H007 is a promising therapeutic agent for improving hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis through the activation of AMPKα.

Objective:To investigate the behavioral, electroencephalographic, and cognitive functional differences in drug-resistant epileptic rat models of cognitive impairment prepared by intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride-pilocarpine followed by intracranial injection of pilocarpine or carbamylcholine.Methods:One hundred and sixty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group ( n=10), lithium chloride-pilocarpine group (establishing epileptic rat models by intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride-pilocarpine, n=50), pilocarpine-pilocarpine group (intracranial injection of pilocarpine after intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride-pilocarpine, n=50)and pilocarpine-carbamylcholine group (intracranial injection of carbamylcholine after intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride-pilocarpine, n=50). Frequency and duration of spontaneously recurrent seizures (SRSs) were observed by video monitoring system, and 2 weeks after that, phenobarbital and phenytoin sodium were injected intraperitoneally to screen drug-resistant models. Frequency and amplitude of the epileptic waves in EEG were recorded by BL-420 Bio-signal Acquisition and Processing System. Novel object recognition experiment was used to detect the novel exploration, Y-maze free exploration experiment and new and different arm experiment were used to detect the spatial recognition and memory ability, and Morris water maze experiment was used to detect the spatial memory ability. Results:(1) Twenty-four rats (48.00%) survived in the lithium chloride-pilocarpine group, 25 (78.00%) in the pilocarpine-pilocarpine group, and 21 (65.62%) in the pilocarpine-carbamylcholine group; and ultimately 7, 9, and 8 drug-resistant epileptic rat models were identified, respectively; frequency and duration of SRSs in the pilocarpine-pilocarpine group and pilocarpine-carbamylcholine group were significantly higher/longer than those in the lithium chloride-pilocarpine group ( P<0.05). (2) The pilocarpine-pilocarpine group and pilocarpine-carbamylcholine group had significantly higher amplitude of the epileptic waves in EEG compared with the lithium chloride-pilocarpine group ( P<0.05); the frequency of the epileptic waves in EEG increased gradually in the lithium chloride-pilocarpine group, pilocarpine-pilocarpine group, and pilocarpine-carbamylcholine group ( P<0.05). (3) Discrimination index, accuracy, ratio of distance traveled in novel arm to total distance, and time of novel arm entries gradually decreased in the normal control group, lithium chloride-pilocarpine group, pilocarpine-pilocarpine group, and pilocarpine-carbamylcholine group, with significant differences ( P<0.05). (4) Compared with the normal control group, the pilocarpine-pilocarpine group and pilocarpine-carbamylcholine group had significantly decreased frequency in crossing the original platform ( P<0.05); compared with the normal control group, lithium-pilocarpine chloride group and pilocarpine-pilocarpine group, the pilocarpine-carbamylcholine group had statistically shorter distance of target quadrant activity ( P<0.05); number of entries in the target quadrant gradually decreased in the normal control group, lithium chloride-pilocarpine group, pilocarpine-pilocarpine group, and pilocarpine-carbamylcholine group, with significant differences ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Drug-resistant epileptic rat models established by intracranial injection of carbamylcholine after intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride-pilocarpine have high survival rate, high SRSs rate, and severe cognitive impairment, which is suitable for studying drug-resistant epilepsy combined with cognitive impairment.

Objective:To examine the mid - and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of brachiocephalic Takayasu arteritis.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. The clinical data of 39 patients,which had been diagnosed as brachiocephalic Takayasu arteritis (244 cases),who underwent surgical treatment,were analyzed between July 2012 to November 2022 at Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. There were 5 males and 34 females, aged (37.9±14.0)years (range:13 to 71 years). Despite medical treatment, the patients suffered severe ischemic symptoms continually and then underwent surgical interventions. Among them, 20 patients underwent endovascular procedures, 11 underwent open surgical procedures, and 8 underwent hybrid procedures. Patients were followed up through outpatient visits at 1, 3, 6 months after surgery and once every year later. Follow-up was conducted until November 2022. Operation status, postoperative complications and re-intervention of patients were recorded and the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze postoperative vascular patency rates.Results:All 39 surgeries were successful, with no intraoperative death or serious complications. The follow-up period was (48.8±38.2) months(range:1 to 123 months). Thirty-three patients experienced symptom relief after surgery, and 6 patients required secondary surgical interventions. The patency rates for the endovascular treatment group at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year were 95.0%, 75.2%, 60.2%, and 60.2%, respectively, while the patency rates for open surgery were all 90.9%. In the hybrid surgery group, the patency rates at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 8-year were all 87.5%.Conclusion:For patients with brachiocephalic Takayasu arteritis, choice of an appropriate blood flow revascularization intervention should be based on the patient′s condition,and the mid-and long-term outcomes are satisfactory.

Objective:To examine the mid - and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of brachiocephalic Takayasu arteritis.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. The clinical data of 39 patients,which had been diagnosed as brachiocephalic Takayasu arteritis (244 cases),who underwent surgical treatment,were analyzed between July 2012 to November 2022 at Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. There were 5 males and 34 females, aged (37.9±14.0)years (range:13 to 71 years). Despite medical treatment, the patients suffered severe ischemic symptoms continually and then underwent surgical interventions. Among them, 20 patients underwent endovascular procedures, 11 underwent open surgical procedures, and 8 underwent hybrid procedures. Patients were followed up through outpatient visits at 1, 3, 6 months after surgery and once every year later. Follow-up was conducted until November 2022. Operation status, postoperative complications and re-intervention of patients were recorded and the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze postoperative vascular patency rates.Results:All 39 surgeries were successful, with no intraoperative death or serious complications. The follow-up period was (48.8±38.2) months(range:1 to 123 months). Thirty-three patients experienced symptom relief after surgery, and 6 patients required secondary surgical interventions. The patency rates for the endovascular treatment group at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year were 95.0%, 75.2%, 60.2%, and 60.2%, respectively, while the patency rates for open surgery were all 90.9%. In the hybrid surgery group, the patency rates at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 8-year were all 87.5%.Conclusion:For patients with brachiocephalic Takayasu arteritis, choice of an appropriate blood flow revascularization intervention should be based on the patient′s condition,and the mid-and long-term outcomes are satisfactory.

Background: s/Aims: Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) E167K variant is closely associated with the occurrence and development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, the role and mechanism of TM6SF2 E167K variant during MASLD progression are not yet fully understood. Methods: The Tm6sf2167K knock-in (KI) mice were subjected to high-fat diet (HFD). Hepatic lipid levels of Tm6sf2167K KI mice were detected by lipidomics analysis. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was used to measure the newly synthesized triglyceride (TG) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). Results: The TM6SF2 E167K variant significantly aggravated hepatic steatosis and injury in HFD-induced mice. Decreased polyunsaturated PC level and increased polyunsaturated TG level were found in liver tissue of HFDinduced Tm6sf2167K KI mice. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the TM6SF2 E167K variant increased the interaction between TM6SF2 and PNPLA3, and impaired PNPLA3-mediated transfer of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from TG to PC. The TM6SF2 E167K variant increased the level of fatty acid-induced malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species, and decreased fatty acid-downregulated cell membrane fluidity. Additionally, the TM6SF2 E167K variant decreased the level of hepatic PC containing C18:3, and dietary supplementation of PC containing C18:3 significantly attenuated the TM6SF2 E167K-induced hepatic steatosis and injury in HFD-fed mice. Conclusions The TM6SF2 E167K variant could promote its interaction with PNPLA3 and inhibit PNPLA3-mediated transfer of PUFAs from TG to PC, resulting in the hepatic steatosis and injury during MASLD progression. PC containing C18:3 could act as a potential therapeutic supplement for MASLD patients carrying the TM6SF2 E167K variant.