Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a myeloid tumor derived from the malignant clones of hematopoietic stem cells, has an annually increasing incidence. The contemporary research direction has shifted to analyzing the synergistic effect of immune surveillance collapse and abnormal bone marrow microenvironment in the pathological process of MDS. Against this backdrop, the immune checkpoint molecule TIM3 has emerged as a key target because of its persistently high expression on the surface of important immune cells such as T and NK cells. The abnormal activation of the TIM3 pathway is the mechanism by which solid tumors and hematological malignancies achieve immune escape and is a key hub in the formation of immune exhaustion phenotypes. This work integrates the original discoveries of our team with the latest international progress, systematically demonstrating the bidirectional regulatory network of TIM3 between the malignant clone proliferation of MDS and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Integrating the evidence from emerging clinical trials allows us to consider the clinical significance of TIM3-targeted blocking for MDS, providing a transformative path to overcome the resistance of traditional treatments and marking a new chapter in the active immune reconstitution of MDS treatment.

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of different daily doses of aspirin in the prevention of preeclampsia （PE）. METHODS The case-control studies and prospective randomized controlled trials on aspirin with daily dose ≥ 100 mg （trial group） vs. ＜100 mg （control group） in the prevention of PE were retrieved from PubMed， Medline， Embase， the Cochrane Library， CNKI， China Biomedical Literatue Database and Wanfang Data from base-building to January 2025. After literature screening， data extraction and quality evaluation， meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS A total of 11 literatures were included， involving 3 052 pregnant women. Meta-analysis showed the incidence of PE [RR＝0.63， 95%CI （0.53，0.76）， P＜0.000 01]， gestational hypertension [RR＝0.69， 95%CI （0.50，0.94），P＝0.02]， preterm birth [RR＝0.56， 95%CI （0.47，0.66）， P＜0.000 01]， and intrauterine growth retardation [RR＝0.73，95%CI （0.61，0.87），P＝0.000 5] in trial groups were significantly lower than control group. The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage between the two groups had no statistically significant difference [RR＝1.17， 95%CI （0.90，1.53），P＝0.25]. Subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of PE in Chinese pregnant women taking 150 mg of aspirin was significantly higher than taking 100 mg of aspirin [RR＝3.40， 95%CI （1.29， 8.93）， P＝0.01]； but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidences of postpartum hemorrhage， preterm birth （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Aspirin with daily dose ≥100 mg is more effective in preventing PE than daily dose ＜100 mg， with lower rates of gestational hypertension， preterm birth， and intrauterine growth retardation. It does not increase the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. For pregnant women in China， daily dose 100 mg of aspirin may be more effective in preventing PE than 150 mg.

Objective:To develop a treatment-related quality of life scale for Chinese patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:The initial scale was constructed through a literature search, Delphi expert correspondence, and cognitive testing. This study conducted a preliminary survey of 379 patients with MM and a formal survey of 865 patients from the hematology departments of 155 hospitals nationwide from February 2024 to March 2024. The final scale was obtained after conducting item analysis and reliability and validity tests on the initial scale.Results:The constructed scale contains 36 items covering six domains: physiological, psychological, social, treatment side effects, general health, and others. In the preliminary survey, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each item ranged from 0.597 to 0.939, and the test-retest reliability was 0.747 ( P<0.001). Exploratory factor analysis extracted eight common factors with a cumulative variance contribution of 60.058%. In the formal survey, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each item ranged from 0.484 to 0.930, and the test-retest reliability was 0.835 ( P<0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a comparative fit index of 0.750, a root-mean-square error of approximation of 0.090, and a root-mean-square residual of 0.067. Conclusion:The treatment-related quality of life scale for Chinese patients with MM designed in this study exhibited good reliability and validity, reflecting the impact of treatment on the quality of life of patients. This scale can provide a reference to clinicians for assessing the disease status of patients.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between remnant cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (RC/HDL-C) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in health check-up population.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 5 299 subjects who received physical examination in the Health Management Center of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January to December in 2023 and met the admission criteria were selected as the research subjects. The subjects were examined by demography, anthropometry, laboratory tests and liver instantaneous elastography. The Chi-square test, t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to compare the indexes between the subjects with and without MAFLD. The subjects were divided into 4 groups (Q1-Q4 groups) according to the RC/HDL-C ratio quartiles by quartile method, and the indexes in each group were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn using MedCalc software and compared to assess the diagnostic efficacy of the RC/HDL-C ratio for MAFLD. Results:With the increase of RC/HDL-C ratio, the detection rate of MAFLD (12.56% vs 43.48%), male proportion (55.68% vs 85.60%), total cholesterol (TC) [(4.63±0.82) vs (5.10±1.06) mmol/L], triglyceride (TG) [0.90(0.71, 1.15) vs 2.58(1.96, 3.50) mmol/L], alanine aminotransferase (ALT) [17.00(13.00, 24.00) vs 26.00(19.00, 38.00) U/L], aspartate aminotransferase (AST) [20.00(17.00, 24.00) vs 23.00(19.00, 29.00) U/L], and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) [(239.32±40.52) vs (274.60±44.98) dB/m] increased gradually, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [1.40(1.20, 1.64) vs 0.93(0.84, 1.04) μmol/L] decreased gradually (all P<0.05). ROC curves showed that the AUC value of RC/HDL-C ratio was significantly higher in identifying MAFLD when compared with TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, non-HDL-C and RC (AUC=0.676, P<0.05). Conclusions:The RC/HDL-C ratio is positively correlated with the risk of morbidity of MAFLD in health check-up population.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for aggravation of type 2 diabetic foot ulcer and the correlation between the level of infection and the severity of the disease,as well as the association of the detection rate of bacteria and the types of bacteria with disease severity in patients with type 2 diabetic foot ulcer,and to provide individualized guidance for the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of type 2 diabetic foot.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed for the data of 150 patients with type 2 diabetic foot who were treated in Department of Endocrinology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,from October 2021 to June 2023,and according to the Wagner grade of diabetic foot,these patients were divided into mild group A(35 patients with Wagner grade 2),moderate group B(58 patients with Wagner grade 3),and severe group C(57 patients with Wagner grade 4).The clinical data of the three groups were analyzed.Results:The severity of type 2 diabetic foot ulcer was correlated with white blood cell count,neutrophil count,platelet count,monocyte count,globulin,alkaline phosphatase,neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,monocyte-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-lymphocyte ratio,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,interleukin-6,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,hemoglo-bin,albumin/globulin ratio,lymphocyte count,cholinesterase,albumin,fasting blood glucose,gamma-glutamyl transferase,glycated he-moglobin,blood uric acid,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,total cholesterol,triglycerides,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(P<0.05).The multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and erythrocyte sedi-mentation rate were independent risk factors for the progression of Wagner grade of diabetic foot(P<0.05).For groups A,B,and C,the detection rate of bacteria in foot ulcer secretion tended to increase with the severity of diabetic foot,with the highest detection rate in group C,followed by groups B and A.A total of 31 types of bacteria were detected in the three groups,and the proportion of Gram-positive bacteria was higher than that of Gram-negative bacteria,with Staphylococcus aureus accounting for the highest proportion of 27.72%in all samples.Conclusion:High-sensitivity C-reactive pro-tein,procalcitonin,interleukin-6,and erythrocyte sedimentation rate increase with the progression of the Wagner grade of diabetic foot,and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and erythrocyte sedimentation rate are independent risk factors for the progression of the Wagner grade of diabetic foot.The detection rate of bacteria in foot ulcer secretion tends to increase with the Wagner grade of diabetic foot,and Gram-positive bacteria account for a higher proportion than Gram-negative bacteria,with Staphylococcus aureus accounting for the highest proportion.

Objective:To investigate effect and mechanism of hydroxysafflor yellow A(HSYA)activating neuronal autophagy on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through a combination of in vitro and in vivo experiments.Methods:SD rat MCAO/R model was established by improved suture method.Rats were randomly divided into sham surgery(Sham)group,MCAO/R group and MCAO/R+HSYA group,following indicators were detected to determine extent of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion nerve damage:Z-Longa neu-rological function score was detected,TTC staining to measure cerebral infarction area,and TUNEL staining to measure cell apopto-sis;Western blot was used to detect protein expressions of autophagy related markers LC3,Beclin1,P62 and SIRT1 in rat brain tis-sue;immunofluorescence staining was used to observe expression of LC3 co-localization with neurons.OGD/R injury model of SH-SY5Y cells was established and randomly divided into Normal group,OGD/R group,OGD/R+HSYA group,OGD/R+SIRT1 inhibitor(EX-527)group and OGD/R+EX-527+HSYA group.Western blot was used to detect protein expressions of LC3,Beclin1,P62 and SIRT1.Results:Compared with Sham group,model group rats showed impaired neurological function,significantly increased neu-robehavioral scores,widespread cerebral infarction,significantly increased neuronal cell apoptosis,significantly increased autophagy related protein Beclin1 expression and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,significantly decreased P62 expression,significantly increased LC3/NeuN co-stained cells,and decreased SIRT1 expression;compared with model group,HSYA intervention group showed a significant decrease in neurological functional scores,a significant reduction in cerebral infarction area,a significant decrease in neuronal cell apoptosis,a further increase in Beclin1 expression and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,a further decrease in P62 expression,number of LC3/NeuN and P62/NeuN co-stained cells also increased,and SIRT1 expression significantly increased.Expression trends of Beclin1,LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,P62 and SIRT1 of cells between normal group,model group and HSYA intervention group were same as animal experiment;compared with model group,expressions of SIRT1,Beclin1 and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ in OGD/R+EX-527 group were significantly reduced,while expression of P62 was significantly increased;compared with OGD/R+EX-527 group,there was no significant change in SIRT1 expression in OGD/R+EX-527+HSYA group,LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and Beclin1 expression were significantly increased,and P62 expres-sion was significantly decreased.Conclusion:HSYA can significantly improve neurological deficits in rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,reduce cerebral infarction area,and decrease neuronal cell apoptosis rate,whose neuroprotective effect may be related to its activation of SIRT1,which significantly enhances neuronal autophagy.

Objective:To investigate effect and mechanism of hydroxysafflor yellow A(HSYA)activating neuronal autophagy on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through a combination of in vitro and in vivo experiments.Methods:SD rat MCAO/R model was established by improved suture method.Rats were randomly divided into sham surgery(Sham)group,MCAO/R group and MCAO/R+HSYA group,following indicators were detected to determine extent of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion nerve damage:Z-Longa neu-rological function score was detected,TTC staining to measure cerebral infarction area,and TUNEL staining to measure cell apopto-sis;Western blot was used to detect protein expressions of autophagy related markers LC3,Beclin1,P62 and SIRT1 in rat brain tis-sue;immunofluorescence staining was used to observe expression of LC3 co-localization with neurons.OGD/R injury model of SH-SY5Y cells was established and randomly divided into Normal group,OGD/R group,OGD/R+HSYA group,OGD/R+SIRT1 inhibitor(EX-527)group and OGD/R+EX-527+HSYA group.Western blot was used to detect protein expressions of LC3,Beclin1,P62 and SIRT1.Results:Compared with Sham group,model group rats showed impaired neurological function,significantly increased neu-robehavioral scores,widespread cerebral infarction,significantly increased neuronal cell apoptosis,significantly increased autophagy related protein Beclin1 expression and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,significantly decreased P62 expression,significantly increased LC3/NeuN co-stained cells,and decreased SIRT1 expression;compared with model group,HSYA intervention group showed a significant decrease in neurological functional scores,a significant reduction in cerebral infarction area,a significant decrease in neuronal cell apoptosis,a further increase in Beclin1 expression and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,a further decrease in P62 expression,number of LC3/NeuN and P62/NeuN co-stained cells also increased,and SIRT1 expression significantly increased.Expression trends of Beclin1,LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,P62 and SIRT1 of cells between normal group,model group and HSYA intervention group were same as animal experiment;compared with model group,expressions of SIRT1,Beclin1 and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ in OGD/R+EX-527 group were significantly reduced,while expression of P62 was significantly increased;compared with OGD/R+EX-527 group,there was no significant change in SIRT1 expression in OGD/R+EX-527+HSYA group,LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and Beclin1 expression were significantly increased,and P62 expres-sion was significantly decreased.Conclusion:HSYA can significantly improve neurological deficits in rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,reduce cerebral infarction area,and decrease neuronal cell apoptosis rate,whose neuroprotective effect may be related to its activation of SIRT1,which significantly enhances neuronal autophagy.

Objective:To develop a treatment-related quality of life scale for Chinese patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:The initial scale was constructed through a literature search, Delphi expert correspondence, and cognitive testing. This study conducted a preliminary survey of 379 patients with MM and a formal survey of 865 patients from the hematology departments of 155 hospitals nationwide from February 2024 to March 2024. The final scale was obtained after conducting item analysis and reliability and validity tests on the initial scale.Results:The constructed scale contains 36 items covering six domains: physiological, psychological, social, treatment side effects, general health, and others. In the preliminary survey, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each item ranged from 0.597 to 0.939, and the test-retest reliability was 0.747 ( P<0.001). Exploratory factor analysis extracted eight common factors with a cumulative variance contribution of 60.058%. In the formal survey, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each item ranged from 0.484 to 0.930, and the test-retest reliability was 0.835 ( P<0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a comparative fit index of 0.750, a root-mean-square error of approximation of 0.090, and a root-mean-square residual of 0.067. Conclusion:The treatment-related quality of life scale for Chinese patients with MM designed in this study exhibited good reliability and validity, reflecting the impact of treatment on the quality of life of patients. This scale can provide a reference to clinicians for assessing the disease status of patients.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between remnant cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (RC/HDL-C) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in health check-up population.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 5 299 subjects who received physical examination in the Health Management Center of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January to December in 2023 and met the admission criteria were selected as the research subjects. The subjects were examined by demography, anthropometry, laboratory tests and liver instantaneous elastography. The Chi-square test, t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to compare the indexes between the subjects with and without MAFLD. The subjects were divided into 4 groups (Q1-Q4 groups) according to the RC/HDL-C ratio quartiles by quartile method, and the indexes in each group were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn using MedCalc software and compared to assess the diagnostic efficacy of the RC/HDL-C ratio for MAFLD. Results:With the increase of RC/HDL-C ratio, the detection rate of MAFLD (12.56% vs 43.48%), male proportion (55.68% vs 85.60%), total cholesterol (TC) [(4.63±0.82) vs (5.10±1.06) mmol/L], triglyceride (TG) [0.90(0.71, 1.15) vs 2.58(1.96, 3.50) mmol/L], alanine aminotransferase (ALT) [17.00(13.00, 24.00) vs 26.00(19.00, 38.00) U/L], aspartate aminotransferase (AST) [20.00(17.00, 24.00) vs 23.00(19.00, 29.00) U/L], and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) [(239.32±40.52) vs (274.60±44.98) dB/m] increased gradually, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [1.40(1.20, 1.64) vs 0.93(0.84, 1.04) μmol/L] decreased gradually (all P<0.05). ROC curves showed that the AUC value of RC/HDL-C ratio was significantly higher in identifying MAFLD when compared with TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, non-HDL-C and RC (AUC=0.676, P<0.05). Conclusions:The RC/HDL-C ratio is positively correlated with the risk of morbidity of MAFLD in health check-up population.

Objective To analyze and summarize the real-life experiences of cancer patients using infusion ports both domestically and internationally. Methods Literatures were searched in the Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global (PQDT), CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP, and China Biology Medicine up to May 1, 2023. After rigorous evaluation of the retrieved literature, the themes related to the real-life experiences of cancer patients with infusion ports were analyzed and synthesized. Results A total of 13 articles were included, with 6 in Chinese and 7 in English. From these, 64 findings were extracted, comprehensively categorized into 7 groups, and further consolidated into 3 main results: diverse needs across different stages of cancer patients with infusion ports, dynamically intertwined positive and negative psychological states in response to encountered events, and the establishment of a new normal in life experiences for cancer patients with infusion ports. Conclusion Clinical nurses should recognize and address the varying needs of cancer patients with implantable venous access ports at different stages, strengthen their positive experiences, alleviate their negative experiences, assist in adapting to life with implantable venous access ports, improve the quality of nursing services, and enhance patients' sense of happiness.