Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD） is the most common chronic liver disease in the world. Because of its complex pathogenesis， high clinical prevalence and large population， it poses a great threat and challenge to public health in the world. Therefore， active intervention measures are needed. Currently， western medicine is effective in reducing weight， reducing liver fat content， improving glucose-lipid metabolism and insulin resistance. However， for patients with NAFLD-related fibrosis and cirrhosis， there is still a lack of sufficient histological evidence to support its benefits， and randomized controlled trials are still needed to clarify. Lifestyle intervention is an important cornerstone for the treatment of NAFLD， but there are many problems such as poor implementation and low compliance of patients， and the clinical efficacy is not ideal. Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） has the significant advantages of multiple pathways and multiple targets. Berberine， the active ingredient of TCM， can interfere with the production of NAFLD from multiple pathways， including increasing energy consumption， weight loss， improving glucose-lipid metabolism， improving insulin resistance， anti-inflammatory， anti-oxidation， regulating intestinal flora， restoring bile acid homeostasis， anti-fibrosis and so on， which can play a positive role in the treatment of NAFLD. At the same time， it was found that the combination of BBR with Chinese and western medicines had significant advantages in promoting drug absorption， improving oral bioavailability， increasing the highest biological distribution in the liver， enhancing the overall therapeutic effect of NAFLD， and reducing adverse drug reactions， which could provide reference for clinical medication.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role and mechanism of action of paeoniflorin （PF） in protecting HepG2 cells induced by palmitic acid （PA）. MethodsHepG2 cells were stimulated with PA at a concentration of 250 μmol/L to establish a NAFLD model. Compound C at a concentration of 10 μmol/L was used as an inhibitor， and PF at a concentration of 25 μmol/L was used for intervention. The experiment was divided into normal group （CON group） treated with complete culture medium， model group （MOD group） treated with PA， PF treatment group （MOD+PF group） treated with PA and PF， model+inhibitor group （MOD+COM group） treated with PA and Compound C， and model+inhibitor+PF group （MOD+COM+PF group） treated with PA， Compound C， and PF. Kits were used to measure lipid deposition indicators， liver function parameters， oxidative stress indicators， and inflammation indicators； oil red O staining was used to observe lipid deposition； Western Blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of AMPK， SIRT1， PGC-1α， mTOR， Beclin-1， LC3， and P62 in cells. The one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of quantitative data between groups， while the Tukey’s test was used for comparison between two groups. ResultsCompared with the MOD group， PF improved the levels of TC and TG （P<0.05）， reduced the levels of ALT， AST， CRP， TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 （P<0.05）， increased the activity of SOD and CAT and the level of GSH， and reduced the level of MDA in cells （all P<0.05）. Oil red O staining showed that PF alleviated lipid deposition in cells. Western blot results showed that compared with the MOD group， PF increased the protein expression levels of p-AMPK， SIRT1， PGC-1α， LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ， and Beclin-1 and reduced the protein expression levels of p-mTOR and P62 （all P<0.05）. ConclusionPF can inhibit PA-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response in HepG2 cells， improve lipid deposition， and promote autophagy via the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α/mTOR signaling pathway.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of Xiaozhi Hugan capsules in treating patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis （NASH） combined with phlegm-dampness and blood stasis syndrome and its effects on serum interleukin-6 （IL-6） and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1）. MethodsA total of 124 patients with NASH combined with phlegm-dampness and blood stasis syndrome who were admitted to the Department of Spleen， Stomach， and Hepatobiliary Diseases， the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from July 2020 to December 2022 were selected. According to the random number table method， patients were randomly divided into an observation group （62 cases） and a control group （62 cases）. The treatment duration was 6 months. The observation group received Xiaozhi Hugan capsules orally， while the control group received polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules. The efficacy indicators included alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， controlled attenuation parameter （CAP）， liver stiffness measurement （LSM）， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scores （discomfort/dull pain/distending pain in liver region， fatigue， etc.）， body mass index （BMI）， waist-to-height ratio （WHtR）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance （HOMA-IR） ［including fasting blood glucose （FBG） and fasting insulin level （INS）］， free fatty acids （FFA）， IL-6， and MCP-1. Adverse drug reactions were recorded. ResultsAfter treatment， the total effective rate in the observation group was 92.3% （48/52）， while that in the control group was 75.5% （39/49）. The total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group （χ²=5.339， P<0.05）. After treatment， the TCM syndrome scores in both groups were significantly reduced （P<0.05）， and the post-treatment scores in the observation group were better than those in the control group （P<0.05）. After treatment， the levels of ALT， AST， TC， FFA， fasting insulin （FINS）， HOMA-IR， MCP-1， IL-6， CAP， LSM， BMI， and WHtR were decreased （P<0.05） significantly in both groups， and the observation group showed superior improvement in the above indicators compared to the control group （P<0.05）. The observation group exhibited significant reductions in TG and FBG （P<0.05） and an increase in HDL-C （P<0.05）， while no significant changes were observed in the control group. The observation group was superior to the control group after treatment （P<0.05）. No severe adverse reactions occurred in either group during the treatment. ConclusionXiaozhi Hugan capsules have significant clinical efficacy in treating patients with NASH combined with phlegm-dampness and blood stasis syndrome. It reduces hepatic steatosis， lowers liver stiffness， inhibits the expression of serum inflammatory factors， and alleviates liver inflammation. No obvious adverse reactions occur， suggesting it is suitable for clinical application.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of Xiaozhi Hugan capsules in treating patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis （NASH） combined with phlegm-dampness and blood stasis syndrome and its effects on serum interleukin-6 （IL-6） and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1）. MethodsA total of 124 patients with NASH combined with phlegm-dampness and blood stasis syndrome who were admitted to the Department of Spleen， Stomach， and Hepatobiliary Diseases， the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from July 2020 to December 2022 were selected. According to the random number table method， patients were randomly divided into an observation group （62 cases） and a control group （62 cases）. The treatment duration was 6 months. The observation group received Xiaozhi Hugan capsules orally， while the control group received polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules. The efficacy indicators included alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， controlled attenuation parameter （CAP）， liver stiffness measurement （LSM）， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scores （discomfort/dull pain/distending pain in liver region， fatigue， etc.）， body mass index （BMI）， waist-to-height ratio （WHtR）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance （HOMA-IR） ［including fasting blood glucose （FBG） and fasting insulin level （INS）］， free fatty acids （FFA）， IL-6， and MCP-1. Adverse drug reactions were recorded. ResultsAfter treatment， the total effective rate in the observation group was 92.3% （48/52）， while that in the control group was 75.5% （39/49）. The total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group （χ²=5.339， P<0.05）. After treatment， the TCM syndrome scores in both groups were significantly reduced （P<0.05）， and the post-treatment scores in the observation group were better than those in the control group （P<0.05）. After treatment， the levels of ALT， AST， TC， FFA， fasting insulin （FINS）， HOMA-IR， MCP-1， IL-6， CAP， LSM， BMI， and WHtR were decreased （P<0.05） significantly in both groups， and the observation group showed superior improvement in the above indicators compared to the control group （P<0.05）. The observation group exhibited significant reductions in TG and FBG （P<0.05） and an increase in HDL-C （P<0.05）， while no significant changes were observed in the control group. The observation group was superior to the control group after treatment （P<0.05）. No severe adverse reactions occurred in either group during the treatment. ConclusionXiaozhi Hugan capsules have significant clinical efficacy in treating patients with NASH combined with phlegm-dampness and blood stasis syndrome. It reduces hepatic steatosis， lowers liver stiffness， inhibits the expression of serum inflammatory factors， and alleviates liver inflammation. No obvious adverse reactions occur， suggesting it is suitable for clinical application.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio （CCR） and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） based on the NHANES database， and to evaluate the potential significance of CCR as an indicator reflecting the metabolic status of the body. MethodsBased on the data from the NHANES database in 1999‍ ‍—‍ ‍2004， a total of 4 217 participants were enrolled and divided into NAFLD group with 1 726 participants and non-NAFLD group with 2 491 participants. CCR was compared between the two groups， and the association between CCR and NAFLD was analyzed. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between CCR and NAFLD； CCR was divided into 4 groups based on quartiles， and odds ratio （OR） and 95% confidence interval （CI） in the regression model was calculated with the first quartile as reference. In addition， the restricted cubic spline analysis was used to investigate whether there was a non-linear relationship between CCR and NAFLD， and interaction items were introduced into the Logistic regression model to perform an interaction analysis. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the stratification of variables to investigate the difference in the association between CCR and NAFLD in different populations. ResultsThe non-NAFLD group had a significantly higher CCR than the NAFLD group （Z=-4.76，P<0.01）. The Logistic regression analysis showed that in model 1 without adjustment of variables， CCR was negatively associated with NAFLD （OR=0.993，95%CI：0.989‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.996，P<0.01）， and in model 3 with adjustment of all variables， CCR was still negatively associated with NAFLD （OR=0.986，95%CI：0.981‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.991，P<0.01）. The analysis of CCR based on quartiles showed a significant association between the increase in CCR and the reduction in the risk of NAFLD. In model 3， compared with the individuals with the lowest quartile of CCR， the individuals with the highest quartile of CCR had a significantly lower risk of NAFLD （OR=0.426，95%CI：0.316‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.574，P<0.01）. Further interaction and subgroup analyses showed that the interaction between CCR and age/sex had a statistical significance （P_interaction<0.01 and P_interaction=0.04）. The subgroup analysis based on age showed a more significant association between CCR and NAFLD in the middle-aged population （≤60 years） （OR=0.982，95%CI：0.976‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.987）， and the subgroup analysis based on sex showed a stronger association between CCR and NAFLD in women （OR=0.979，95%CI：0.972‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.986）. ConclusionThis study shows a significant negative association between CCR and NAFLD， and such association is more significant in middle-aged individuals and women.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Dizhuo Huayu prescription combined with catgut embedding therapy in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis （NASH） and dyslipidemia and explore the effect of the combined therapy on inflammatory cytokines interleukin （IL）-18 and IL-1β. MethodsA total of 82 patients with NASH and dyslipidemia from the Gastroenterology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group， with 41 patients in each group. The control group received Polyene Polyenylphosphatidylcholine Capsules， while the treatment group received Dizhuo Huayu prescription granules combined with catgut embedding. The treatment duration was 24 weeks for both groups. At weeks 0， 12， and 24， the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome score， body mass index （BMI）， liver fat content assessed by Fibroscan （CAP value）， the level of alanine transaminase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， gamma-glutamyl transferase （GGT）， total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， and free fatty acid （FFA）， and the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-18 and IL-1β in serum were observed. Adverse reactions in both groups were recorded. ResultsA comparison of the comprehensive therapeutic effects between the two groups after 24 weeks of treatment revealed that the total effective rate was 62.16% （23/37） in the control group and 85.71% （30/35） in the treatment group， with a statistically significant difference （χ² = 5.14， P<0.05）. At weeks 12 and 24 after treatment， the TCM syndrome score， BMI， CAP value， TC， TG， LDL-C， and FFA were all significantly lower in both groups compared to pre-treatment levels， while the HDL-C level significantly increased （P<0.05）. The effect was better at week 24 （P<0.05） than at week 12 （P<0.05）， and the treatment group showed better outcomes than the control group at weeks 12 and 24 after treatment （P<0.05）. After 24 weeks of treatment， both groups exhibited significant reductions in IL-18 and IL-1β levels （P<0.05）. The treatment group demonstrated superior efficacy compared to the control group after treatment （P<0.05）. Both groups experienced decreases in ALT， AST， and GGT levels after treatment （P<0.05）. However， there were no statistically significant differences between the 12-week and 24-week post-treatment values within each group， nor were there significant differences between the two groups. No significant adverse reactions were observed in both groups. ConclusionThe Dizhuo Huayu prescription combined with catgut embedding therapy is safe and effective in treating patients with NASH and dyslipidemia， exhibiting hepatoprotective， anti-inflammatory， lipid-regulating， and weight-reducing effects.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous colistin sulfate combined with nebulized inhalation versus intravenous monotherapy for pulmonary infections caused by carbapenem-resistant organism (CRO). METHODS: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted. Clinical data were collected from patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of 10 tertiary class-A hospitals in Henan Province between July 2021 and May 2023, who received colistin sulfate for CRO pulmonary infections. Data included baseline characteristics, inflammatory markers [white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil count (NEU), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP)], renal function indicators [serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN)], life support measures, anti-infection regimens, clinical efficacy, microbiological clearance rate, and prognostic outcomes. Patients were divided into two groups: intravenous group (colistin sulfate monotherapy via intravenous infusion) and combination group ((intravenous infusion combined with nebulized inhalation of colistin sulfate). Changes in parameters before and after treatment were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 137 patients with CRO pulmonary infections were enrolled, including 89 in the intravenous group and 48 in the combination group. Baseline characteristics, life support measures, daily colistin dose, and combination regimens (most commonly colistin sulfate plus carbapenems in both groups) showed no significant differences between two groups. The combination group exhibited higher clinical efficacy [77.1% (37/48) vs. 59.6% (52/89)] and microbiological clearance rate [60.4% (29/48) vs. 39.3% (35/89)], both P < 0.05. Pre-treatment inflammatory and renal parameters showed no significant differences between two groups. Post-treatment, the combination group showed significantly lower WBC and CRP [WBC (×10⁹/L): 8.2±0.5 vs. 10.9±0.6, CRP (mg/L): 14.0 (5.7, 26.6) vs. 52.1 (24.4, 109.6), both P < 0.05], whereas NEU, PCT, SCr, and BUN levels showed no significant between two groups. ICU length of stay was shorter in the combination group [days: 16 (10, 25) vs. 21 (14, 29), P < 0.05], although mechanical ventilation duration and total hospitalization showed no significant differences between two groups. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous colistin sulfate combined with nebulized inhalation improved clinical efficacy and microbiological clearance in CRO pulmonary infections with an acceptable safety profile.
Humans ; Colistin/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Administration, Inhalation ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Carbapenems/pharmacology* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects* ; Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy*

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between body roundness index （BRI） and the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD） based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey （NHANES） database， as well as the clinical value of BRI as a noninvasive tool for risk prediction. MethodsBased on the NHANES data in 2015—2020， the 4 573 individuals were divided into MAFLD group with 2 508 individuals and non-MAFLD group with 2 065 individuals， and BRI was calculated for each individual. In order to ensure data quality and reduce the impact of abnormal values on analytical results， the boxplot method was used to remove abnormal levels of BRI and improve the robustness of data. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The multivariate Logistic regression model was established to investigate the association between BRI and MAFLD. BRI was divided into four groups based on quantiles， and with the first quantile （Q1） as reference， odds ratio （OR） and 95% confidence interval （CI） were calculated for the other three models. Restricted cubic spline was used to investigate the dose-effect relationship between BRI and MAFLD. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was plotted and the area under the ROC curve （AUC） was calculated to assess the efficacy of BRI in the diagnosis of MAFLD. The decision curve analysis was used to investigate the potential clinical value of the model in clinical practice. The interaction analysis and the subgroup analysis were performed to investigate the difference in the association between BRI and MAFLD between different populations. The Lasso regression analysis was conducted for the screening and analysis of characteristic variables. ResultsCompared with the non-MAFLD group， the MAFLD group had a significantly higher BRI （Z=36.29， P<0.001）. After adjustment for the variables including age， sex， ethnicity， educational level， the proportion of individuals with poor income， marital status， smoking， hypertension， diabetes， alanine aminotransferase， aspartate aminotransferase， gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase， and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol， the fully adjusted Logistic regression model showed that BRI was significantly positively associated with the risk of MAFLD （OR=2.53， 95%CI： 2.28 — 2.80， P<0.001）. In addition， the highest BRI quartile （Q4） group had a significantly higher risk of MAFLD than the lowest quartile （Q1） group （OR=83.45， 95%CI： 51.87 — 134.26， P<0.001）. The restricted cubic spline analysis further confirmed the significant nonlinear association between BRI and MAFLD （P for nonlinear<0.001）. The interaction analysis and the subgroup analysis showed that the interaction between hypertension and BRI had statistical significance （P for interaction=0.003）， and compared with the individuals without hypertension， the individuals with hypertension had a stronger association between BRI and MAFLD （OR=1.60， 95%CI： 1.23 — 2.08， P<0.001）. The ROC curve analysis showed that the fully adjusted model based on BRI had a strong discriminatory ability in differentiating MAFLD from non-MAFLD， with an AUC of 0.887 （95%CI： 0.877 — 0.896）. The decision curve analysis showed that the fully adjusted model had good net benefits within the risk threshold of 0.10 — 0.75， which was commonly used in clinical practice. The model based on the key variables identified by the Lasso regression analysis had an AUC of 0.882 （95%CI： 0.872 — 0.892）， which confirmed the robustness of the prediction results. ConclusionThere is a significant positive correlation between BRI and the risk of MAFLD， with a stronger association observed in the hypertensive population. As a body index reflecting abdominal obesity and visceral fat accumulation， BRI shows promising application prospects in the risk assessment of MAFLD.

Objective To determine the correlation between single-nucleotide polymorphisms of IL-17 with type 2 diabetes in Han population in southeastern Shanxi Provincein.Methods The basic information and related clinical data of the subjects were collected of normal healthy controls and T2DM.Whole blood DNA was extracted,and IL-17 polymorphisms(rs2275913,rs3819024,rs4711998 and rs8193036)were analyzed by using a polymerase chain reaction-high temperature ligase reaction.Results There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequency distribution of the four SNP loci of IL-17 gene between the two groups(P>0.05).IL-17 polymorphism was not linked with T2DM in multiple genetic models after controlling for age,BMI,WC,and dyslipidemia(P>0.05).Further analysis showed that the levels of AA genotype was substantially lower of FPG and HOMA-IR levels when compared with the AG and GG genotypes,and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).However,BMI,FINS,HbA1c and HOMA-βwas no statistical significance among the three groups(P>0.05).Besides,WC and HOMA-IR of AA genotype(rs3819024)were notable higher than those of GG genotype in T2DM group(P<0.05).Conclusions The IL-17 gene polymorphisms rs2275913,rs3819024,rs4711998,and rs8193036 in the Han population of southeast Shanxi Province may not be associated with T2DM.In this region Han T2DM patients,AA genotype at rs2275913 of the IL-17 gene is associ-ated to FPG and HOMA-IR,while GG genotype at rs3819024 is related to WC and HOMA-IR,which could be the potential genotype of IL-17 impacting glucose metabolism.

Objective:To detect the expression of microRNA (miR)-211-5p, erythropoietin hepatocyte kinase receptor B2 (EphB2) and erythropoietin hepatocyte kinase ligand B2 (ephrin B2) in spinal cord tissues as well as nerve cells after spinal cord injury (SCI), and to explore their mechanisms and effects on neurological recovery in SCI rats.Methods:The study was conducted from May 2020 to June 2021 using Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and PC12 cells. SD rats were divided into sham-operated group and SCI group of 30 rats each, and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score were performed at different postoperative time points (1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 d), and the relative expression of miR-211-5p and Eph/ephrin B2 mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR); the SCI rats were divided into recombinant lentiviral vector LV-miR-211-5p group (group A), empty lentiviral vector LV-eGFP (group B) and saline group (group C), with 15 rats in each group, respectively. The recombinant lentiviral vector, empty lentiviral vector and saline were injected on the cephalic and caudal sides of the spinal cord injury, and the relative expression of miR-211-5p and Eph/ephrin B2 mRNA in the spinal cord tissue was measured at 1, 7 and 14 d after surgery. In addition, a PC12 injury cell line model was established with 150 μmol/L hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2), and the apoptosis rate and apoptosis-related proteins and contents of different cell lines were detected by flow cytometry and Western blot, respectively. MiR-211-5p was verified to target EphB2 by dual luciferase reporter gene. Results:The results of the animal experiments showed that at different postoperative time points, the miR-211-5p levels in the SCI group were lower than those in the SHAM group: 0.70 ± 0.03 vs. 1.00 ± 0.10, 0.60 ± 0.04 vs. 1.00 ± 0.05, 0.45 ± 0.10 vs. 1.00 ± 0.12, 0.30 ± 0.06 vs. 1.00 ± 0.15, 0.20 ± 0.05 vs. 1.00 ± 0.13, 0.10 ± 0.02 vs. 1.00 ± 0.07. In contrast, levels of Eph/ephrin B2 were higher in the SCI group compared to the SHAM group: 1.10 ± 0.05 vs. 1.00 ± 0.01, 1.80 ± 0.01 vs. 1.00 ± 0.08, 2.30 ± 0.01 vs. 1.00 ± 0.10, 2.60 ± 0.01 vs. 1.00 ± 0.05, 2.80 ± 0.01 vs. 1.00 ± 0.06, 3.00 ± 0.01 vs. 1.00 ± 0.07 and 1.20 ± 0.05 vs. 1.00 ± 0.02, 1.60 ± 0.01 vs. 1.00 ± 0.03, 2.10 ± 0.10 vs. 1.00 ± 0.01, 2.40 ± 0.11 vs. 1.00 ± 0.09, 2.70 ± 0.13 vs. 1.00 ± 0.05, 2.90 ± 0.12 vs. 1.00 ± 0.03 ( P<0.05). At 14 d after surgery, Group A exhibited higher BBB scores than Groups B and C: (14.0 ± 1.1) points vs. (8.0 ± 1.1) and (8.2 ± 1.2) points, while miR-211-5p levels were higher than those in Groups B and C: 1.90 ± 0.10 vs. 0.40 ± 0.01 and 0.50 ± 0.02, and Eph/ephrin B2 levels were lower than those in Groups B and C: 0.70 ± 0.10 vs. 1.80 ± 0.04 and 1.90 ± 0.06, 0.60 ± 0.03 vs. 2.00 ± 0.04 and 2.10 ± 0.05 ( P<0.05). Immunofluorescence staining showed that the levels of GAP-43 and synaptophysin in group A were higher than those in groups B and C at 14 d after surgery ( P<0.05). Cellular assays showed that overexpression of miR-211-5p inhibited the apoptosis rate of H 2O 2-induced PC12 cells and the expression of the apoptosis-related gene Cleaved-caspase3 ( P<0.05). Knockdown of miR-211-5p increased the apoptosis rate of H 2O 2-induced PC12 cells and the expression of the apoptosis-related gene Cleaved-caspase3 ( P<0.05). Dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that EphB2 was a target gene of miR-211-5p and overexpression of EphB2 antagonized the inhibitory apoptosis effect of miR-211-5p on H 2O 2-induced PC12 cells. Conclusions:This study showed that miR-211-5p could promote neurological repair in SCI by inhibiting the expression of Eph/ephrin B2 signaling pathway, suggesting that using miR-211-5p as a target to inhibit Eph/ephrin B2 signaling pathway may have a protective effect on SCI.