ObjectiveTo investigate the trends in the disease burden of falls among Chinese children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021, and to inform the development of targeted prevention and control strategies. MethodsData on age-standardized incidence rate, age-standardized mortality rate and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate for falls among Chinese children and adolescents under 20 years of age from 1990 to 2021 were systematically extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 database. The annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) were calculated to evaluate temporal trends in fall-related disease burden across different age groups and sexes. ResultsFrom 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized incidence rate of falls among Chinese children and adolescents showed a non-linear fluctuation (AAPC=0.08%, P=0.040), while both the age-standardized mortality rate and age-standardized DALYs rate declined (AAPC=-3.66% and -3.09%, both P<0.001). The crude incidence rate decreased in the <5 years old and 5 ‒ <10 years old groups (AAPC=-1.38% and -0.29%, both P<0.001), but increased annually in the 10 ‒ <15 years old and 15 ‒ <20 years old groups (AAPC=0.27% and 0.81%, both P<0.001). The crude mortality rate and crude DALYs rate declined across all four age groups, with the most significant reduction observed in the <5 years old group (AAPC=-5.21%, 95%CI:-5.55%‒ -5.00%; AAPC=-4.98%, 95%CI: -5.20%‒ -4.79%, both P<0.001). For both males and females, the age-standardized incidence rate of falls showed a V-shaped trend (initial decline followed by a subsequent rise). In contrast, the age-standardized mortality rate and age-standardized DALY rate declined in both sexes, with an AAPC of -3.40% and -2.94% for males, and -4.50% and -3.49% for females, respectively (all P<0.001). ConclusionThe overall disease burden of falls among Chinese children and adolescents has been substantially improved; however, the incidence burden remains considerable. Future prevention efforts should be tailored to age- and sex-specific characteristics, with the family as the fundamental care unit in conjunction with high-quality nursing extension services, to establish a closed-loop management model encompassing “early identification, immediate intervention, and continuous follow-up.”

OBJECTIVE: To summary and analyze the bleeding causes after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(UPPP) with endotherm knife, and preventive measures will be given to effectively reduce postoperation hemorrhage. METHOD: Two hundred and twenty-six cases of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) adult patients, were carryed out UPPP under general anesthesia with endotherm knife to observe postoperation hemorrhage. RESULT: Eight cases out of 226 patients or 3.5% occurred postoperation hemorrhage, 2 cases after 1 or 2 days, 6 cases after 6 or 12 days. The postoperation hemorrhage stopped by local compression hemostasis or bi-polar coagulation hemostasis, and no more bleeding occurred. CONCLUSION The minimal trauma, quick operation and less-bleeding will be caused by UPPP with endotherm knife. Few patients 3.5% had a small amount of bleeding after operation, but no serious bleeding occured. Hemorrhage often happened during pseud mucosa falling off period. The bleeding was related with using skill of endotherm knife during operation, postoperation pse-ud mucosa falling off, local inflammation, improper eating and emotional stress of patients.
Adult ; Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Humans ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; Palate ; surgery ; Pharynx ; surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Pressure ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery ; Uvula ; surgery

Combined with opening the course of literature searching and sample checking of students,to explore the principle of opening the course of literature searching in adult medical students,the optimization of teaching content,the renewal of teaching instruments,so as to provide basis for opening the course of literature searching in adult medical students and improving their ability to gain new knowledge.