Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 （TREM2） is expressed in resident non-parenchymal cells （NPCs） and is involved in various pathological processes including liver inflammation and immunoregulation. In recent years， TREM2 has attracted attention in the field of acute and chronic liver diseases， and more and more studies have shown that TREM2 is a potential target for the treatment of acute and chronic liver diseases； however， there is a lack of systematic summary for the mechanism of action of TREM2 in acute and chronic liver diseases. Therefore， this article reviews the latest research advances in the regulatory role of TREM2 in acute and chronic liver diseases， in order to provide new ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of acute and chronic liver diseases.

Objective To understand the surveillance situation of poliovirus in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2024, and to further strengthen polio surveillance and ensure the continued maintenance of a polio-free status. Methods An analysis was conducted on the discovery and investigation results of six cases of vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) detected in Guangzhou. Results A total of 6 VDPV incidents were reported in Guangzhou from 2011 to June 2024, among which 5 incidents were from sewage sample testing in the Liede Sewage Treatment Plant in Guangzhou, all of which were confirmed as VDPV, with 1 for type I, 1 for type II, and 3 for type III. In addition, one confirmed HFMD case was identified as a type VDPV II carrier. No presence of any wild poliovirus (WPV), VDPV cases, or circulating VDPV (cVDPV) was reported. Conclusion Guangzhou City has maintained a high level of vigilance and effectiveness in the monitoring and prevention of polio. Continuously strengthening the construction of the polio monitoring network, optimizing vaccination strategies, and comprehensively improving public health awareness are still the focus of the prevention and control work in the future.

Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the leading cause of chronic liver disease and has posed significant challenges to global public health and medical care.Due to the unclear pathogenesis of NAFLD,lipid accumulation plays a key role in its development.AMPK,as a crucial molecule in lipid metabolism regulation,can improve lipid accumulation caused by NAFLD.This article describes the specific mechanisms of AMPK-related molecules in improving lipid accumulation and treating NAFLD,and lists the current experimental and therapeutic drugs related to AMPK.The potential of AMPK-related drugs in improving lipid accumulation and treating NAFLD is demonstrated,providing ideas and references for future research on AMPK-related drugs for treating NAFLD.

Objective: To evaluate the safety of free bivalent human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine for junior middle school girls in Jiangxi Province, so as to provide the reference for HPV vaccination. Methods: The number of free inoculation of bivalent HPV vaccine for junior middle school girls in Jiangxi Province from August 1, 2023 to May 31, 2024 were collected by Jiangxi Provincial Immunization Planning Information System, and the cases of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) were collected by China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. A descriptive analysis was conducted to assess the incidence of AEFI among middle school girls who received free bivalent HPV vaccine. Results: Junior middle school girls in Jiangxi Province were vaccinated with free bivalent HPV vaccine for 1 061 023 doses, and 67 cases of AEFI were reported. Among the 67 cases, there were 50 cases of general reaction, 7 cases of abnormal reaction, 8 cases of psychogenic reaction and 2 cases of coupling syndrome. The reported incidence of AEFI, adverse reactions and psychogenic reactions were 6.31/100 000, 5.37/100 000 and 0.75/100 000 respectively. Adverse reactions were primarily general reactions (87.72%), with abnormal reactions counting for 12.28%. All AEFI cases were cured or improved, and no death or disability cases were reported. Conclusion The free vaccination of bivalent HPV for junior high school girls in Jiangxi Province is identified as highly safe, low adverse reaction reporting rate, and mainly general reactions, but attention should be paid to the prevention of psychogenic reactions in adolescents.

【Objective】 To investigate the development of adaptability in children aged 2 - 6, and to explore its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for promoting the development of adaptability in young children. 【Methods】 Data were from the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children in China, and 3 319 children aged 2 - 6 and their parents from 28 sites across 14 provinces were recruited in this study.The Development Scale for Children Aged 0 - 6 years (WS/T 580-2017) was used to measure the developmental quotient of children′s adaptive ability, and a survey questionnaire was used to collect relevant information about children and their parents. 【Results】 Among 3 319 children aged 2 - 6, the proportion of slightly low or low level of adaptability, moderate adaptability development, good and excellent adaptability development was 7.68%,66.25% and 26.06%, respectively.The proportion of children aged 5 - 6 with good and excellent adaptability was lower in 3-year-old and 4-year-old groups (χ²=59.29, P<0.05).Multiple stepwise linear regression showed that children′s gender (β=0.06), gestational age of birth (β=-0.05), only child (β=-0.04), left-behind child (β=-0.04), the main caregiver (β=-0.06), and the education level of parents (β=0.09, 0.10), whether parents actively pay attention to children′s emotions (β=-0.06) and whether children play with homemade toys (β=-0.04) were the influencing factors of children′s adaptive development quotient.Girls, full-term children, only children, non-left-behind children, children with parents as main caregivers, parents with a high level of education, parents who often take the initiative to pay attention to children′s emotions, and children who play with homemade toys had a higher level of adaptability development quotient. 【Conclusions】 The development level of adaptability in children aged 2 - 6 in China is mostly above the average level and is related to multiple factors.Targeted intervention work can be carried out on relevant factors in order to promote the development of children′s adaptability.

OBJECTIVE To estimate the quality markers of antioxidant activity for standard decoction of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus.METHODS 15 batches of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus standard decoctions were subjected to quality evaluation by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)based on single-marker(QAMS)method,before being summarized by chemometrics analysis.The antioxidant abilities of 15 batches of samples were determined by DPPH and ABTS methods,while gray correlation analy-sis(GRA)and the partial least squares regression(PLSR)methods were subsequently applied to investigating the relationship between the contents of 8 components and the antioxidant activity.Ultimately,molecule docking was utilized to explore the binding properties between candidate quality markers and the core targets of anti-oxidation,with the experimental verification being executed on the indi-vidual compound by in vitro anti-oxidation.RESULTS There was no remarkable difference between the results of QAMS and external standard method(ESM),with P valued greater than 0.05.And it was speculated that protocatechuic acid,gomisin A,schizantherin B and schisandrin B were the constituents of quality difference.Moreover,the 4 quality variation components were reckoned to be the al-ternative markers on antioxidant according to the results of GRA and PLSR.The molecule docking result also showed that 4 candidate quality markers presented good binding affinity with the antioxidant core targets.The antioxidant capacity was presumably originated from the collaborated effects by multi-components in the standard decoction of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus.In the interim,protocate-chuic acid exhibited noteworthy antioxidant efficacy with dosage-depended manner in the results of single-compound verification,which was best conformed to the characteristics of quality markers and supposed to be the antioxidant quality marker for Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus standard decoction.CONCLUSION This research predicts the potential antioxidant substances on the basis of content deter-mination by UPLC and in vitro antioxidant assay,but also provides rational foundation for quality assessment on other preparations of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus.

Objective To quantitatively analyze and evaluate the content of rehabilitation policy for people with disabilities in China. Methods This study focused on ten national policies of disability rehabilitation issued from 2021 to 2023.It employed text mining techniques to process policy texts and constructed a policy modeling consistency index model for dis-ability rehabilitation policies in China.The relevant policies were evaluated and analyzed quantitatively. Results The disability rehabilitation policies in China were relatively comprehensive in terms of policy transparency,op-erational mechanisms and policy nature.However,there was still a need for optimization in terms of policy per-spectives,target groups,incentive mechanisms,and other aspects. Conclusion The overall quality of disability rehabilitation policy texts at the national level in China is relatively good.There is a need to further enhance the predictability of policy objectives,clarify the responsibilities and division of labor among various departments,and improve policy incentive mechanisms in future policy formulation,which will further refine China's disability rehabilitation policy system and contribute to high-quality develop-ment of the disability cause.

Objective:To carry out a scoping review on the development process, main forms, main contents and outcome indicators of decision aids for thyroid cancer patients, providing a theoretical basis for future research in China.Methods:The Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework was used to analyze the literature. Electronic retrieval was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP, and China Biomedical Database, and the search period was from database establishment to August 21, 2023.Results:A total of 11 articles were included. The forms of decision aids included paper decision support manuals, web-based decision support tools, conversation support tools and so on. The main content was to provide disease knowledge and the advantages and disadvantages of various treatment plans, help patients clarify their values, understand patient preferences, and assist doctors and patients make decisions. Outcome indicators involved treatment choice, medical knowledge, decision conflict, decision regret, decision satisfaction, anxiety and so on.Conclusions:The application of decision aids has a positive effect in thyroid cancer patients. Future research should encourage many people to participate in decision-making in order to improve the quality of decision-making for thyroid cancer patients.

Objective·In view of the low funding rate of the Young Scientists Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China in the medical field,this research conducted an in-depth investigation of the applicants in a medical school and quantitatively analyzed the influencing factors of project establishment,so as to provide reference for further improving the quality of project application and strengthening the training of young medical talents.Methods·A cross-sectional survey was used to select applicants from secondary schools of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and its 13 affiliated hospitals who had experience in applying for the fund from 2020 to 2022.Logistic stepwise regression model was applied to modeling and analysis by using the project application result as the dependent variable and the applicants'basic information and application status as independent variables.Results·The analysis results of 921 applicants showed that educational background(OR=1.86,95%CI 1.14?3.04),graduate university(OR=2.45,95%CI 1.47?4.08),sufficient preliminary work foundation(OR=4.22,95%CI 2.44?7.29),average impact factor of representative works(OR=1.10,95%CI 1.04?1.17),and total self-evaluation score of application documents(OR=1.06,95%CI 1.04?1.08)were the main influencing factors for project approval.The average impact factor and the highest impact factor of the approved representative works showed an increasing trend year by year.In addition,the influencing factors for the approval of young doctors and full-time researchers were different.The longer the graduation time of young doctors,the lower the approval rate.Conclusion·The funding rate of Young Scientists Fund is low,and the requirements for scientific research achievements are increasing year by year.Attention should be paid to early accumulation and improving the quality of application writing.Further measures should be taken to strengthen the early training of young medical talents,improve cultivation measures and consolidate research foundations.