Objective To conduct physical performance test of naval aviators,so as to understand its current status,and propose solutions to existing problems.Methods Physical performance test was performed in 95 naval aviators who were divided by age into group 1 (age between 25 and 29),group 2 (age between 30 and 34),group 3 (age between 35 and 39) and group 4 (age between 40 and 44).Then,analyses and comparisons of the obtained data were made accordingly.Results Body fat percentage of group 1 and 2 was significantly lower than that of group 4(P ＜ 0.05),and the body mass index and body fat percentage of group 3 and 4 were higher than the normal level.There were no significant differences in vital capacity and step index between the groups.The vital capacity of the aviators was higher than that of the ordinary people,however,there were no significant differences in the level of the step index,as compared with that of the ordinary people.There were no significant differences in the data of grip strength,push-ups,single-leg standing with eyes closed,when comparisons were made between the groups,and they all were higher than those of the ordinary people.The average value of the back strength of the aviators was lower than that of the ordinary people.Vertical jump levels of group 1 and 2 were significantly higher than that of group 3 (P ＜ 0.05).The seated flexion of group 1 was significantly higher than that of group 3 (P ＜ 0.05),and the selective response time of group 1 was significantly higher than that of group 43 (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions (1) The average data of BMI and body fat for the naval aviators witb an age over 35 were excessive,and measures should be taken to control diet and intensify physical exercise.(2) Naval aviators should pay attention to cardiopulmonary tolerance training,so as to improve tolerance capability.(3) Efforts should also be made on the part of naval aviators to intensify training on the lower back muscle strength and avoid occurrence of lower back injury.(4) Naval aviators with an age over 35 should pay more attention to physical performance training,improve physical capacity and delay decline of athletic ability.

Objective To conduct physical performance test of naval aviators,so as to understand its current status,and propose solutions to existing problems.Methods Physical performance test was performed in 95 naval aviators who were divided by age into group 1 (age between 25 and 29),group 2 (age between 30 and 34),group 3 (age between 35 and 39) and group 4 (age between 40 and 44).Then,analyses and comparisons of the obtained data were made accordingly.Results Body fat percentage of group 1 and 2 was significantly lower than that of group 4(P ＜ 0.05),and the body mass index and body fat percentage of group 3 and 4 were higher than the normal level.There were no significant differences in vital capacity and step index between the groups.The vital capacity of the aviators was higher than that of the ordinary people,however,there were no significant differences in the level of the step index,as compared with that of the ordinary people.There were no significant differences in the data of grip strength,push-ups,single-leg standing with eyes closed,when comparisons were made between the groups,and they all were higher than those of the ordinary people.The average value of the back strength of the aviators was lower than that of the ordinary people.Vertical jump levels of group 1 and 2 were significantly higher than that of group 3 (P ＜ 0.05).The seated flexion of group 1 was significantly higher than that of group 3 (P ＜ 0.05),and the selective response time of group 1 was significantly higher than that of group 43 (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions (1) The average data of BMI and body fat for the naval aviators witb an age over 35 were excessive,and measures should be taken to control diet and intensify physical exercise.(2) Naval aviators should pay attention to cardiopulmonary tolerance training,so as to improve tolerance capability.(3) Efforts should also be made on the part of naval aviators to intensify training on the lower back muscle strength and avoid occurrence of lower back injury.(4) Naval aviators with an age over 35 should pay more attention to physical performance training,improve physical capacity and delay decline of athletic ability.

Objective To examine whether the boundary patterns of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in the preoperative contrasted enhanced computer tomography (CE-CT) could predict poor postoperative prognosis.Methods From January 2010 to December 2015,104 patients of pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma received radical pancreaticoduodenectomy by a single group of surgeons.All patients underwent CE-CT before operation.The clinicopathological characteristics and the prognosis were comparatively analyzed among the patients with different SMA boundary patterns.Results The patients with obscure SMA boundary in CE-CT had a lower overall survival rate (P =0.012) and a higher liver metastasis rate (P ＜ 0.01) compared to the patients with clear SMA boundary.38.2％ of patients with obscure SMA boundary died within 6 months,69.1％ of them died within 12 months while the mortality rate was 6％ within 6 months and 29.2％ within 12 months in patients with clear SMA boundary.Only 2.2％ of patients with clear SMA boundary presented liver metastasis within 6 months,but that was 53％ in patients with obscure SMA boundary.18.4％ of patients developed liver metastasis within 12 months in patients with clear SMA boundary,whereas the rate was 82％ in patients with obscure SMA boundary.Furthermore,the tissues around the SMA presented a higher CT value in any phase in patients with obscure SMA boundary than in patients with clear SMA boundary (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The patterns of the SMA boundary in CE-CT is a potential prognostic factor in pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma after radical operation,and the obscure SMA boundary may be associated with early liver metastasis and high mortality.

Objective To test the back muscle strength of the naval aviators during rehabilitation,so as to know the current status and develop methods for the solution of the problem.Methods Back muscle strength was tested in 138 pilots,who were divided by age into 4 groups:i.e.group 1 with an age range of 20 -24 years old,group 2 with an age range of 25-29 years old,group 3 with an age range of 30-34 years old and group 4 with an age range of 35-39 years old.Then,the data of the back muscle strength of the 4 groups were analyzed and compared.Results The back muscle strength of group 1 [(116.0 ± 16.9) kg] was significantly higher than that of group 3 (104.9 ± 22.8 kg).Conclusions The back muscle strength of naval aviators dropped with the increase of age,therefore,efforts should be made to intensify training on back muscle strength.

Objective To investigate and compare the physical fitness status between the navy divers and aviators,who stayed in the sanatoriun for refreshment,and also to explore the differences in the physical fitness of different naval special service personnel.Methods Physical fitness tests were performed by using the methods specified in the " National Physical Measurement Standards Handbook ".Results In the morphological indicators such as height and body mass index (BMI),the average height of the naval aviators was 174.23 cm,which was significantly superior to that of the divers (169.33 cm),and statistical significance could be seen when comparisons were made between them (P ＜ 0.05).In the test of body function index,the vital capacity test results of the aviators (4 334.04 ml) were apparently better than those of the divers (4 105.04 ml),and statistical significance could be noted when comparisons were made between them (P ＜0.01).Step test results of the aviators were also superior to those of the divers,also with statistical significance (P ＜0.05).In such physical fitness indicators as jumping and systemic reactions,the test results of the aviators were also significantly superior to those of the divers,and statistical significance could be found when comparisons were made between them (P ＜ 0.001).However,there was no statistical significance in other physical fitness indicators.Conclusions The physical fitness test results of the naval aviators were on the whole good.To improve the health status of the divers,physical fitness training should be intensified for divers.

Objective To test the back muscle strength of the naval aviators during rehabilitation,so as to know the current status and develop methods for the solution of the problem.Methods Back muscle strength was tested in 138 pilots,who were divided by age into 4 groups:i.e.group 1 with an age range of 20 -24 years old,group 2 with an age range of 25-29 years old,group 3 with an age range of 30-34 years old and group 4 with an age range of 35-39 years old.Then,the data of the back muscle strength of the 4 groups were analyzed and compared.Results The back muscle strength of group 1 [(116.0 ± 16.9) kg] was significantly higher than that of group 3 (104.9 ± 22.8 kg).Conclusions The back muscle strength of naval aviators dropped with the increase of age,therefore,efforts should be made to intensify training on back muscle strength.

Objective To investigate and compare the physical fitness status between the navy divers and aviators,who stayed in the sanatoriun for refreshment,and also to explore the differences in the physical fitness of different naval special service personnel.Methods Physical fitness tests were performed by using the methods specified in the " National Physical Measurement Standards Handbook ".Results In the morphological indicators such as height and body mass index (BMI),the average height of the naval aviators was 174.23 cm,which was significantly superior to that of the divers (169.33 cm),and statistical significance could be seen when comparisons were made between them (P ＜ 0.05).In the test of body function index,the vital capacity test results of the aviators (4 334.04 ml) were apparently better than those of the divers (4 105.04 ml),and statistical significance could be noted when comparisons were made between them (P ＜0.01).Step test results of the aviators were also superior to those of the divers,also with statistical significance (P ＜0.05).In such physical fitness indicators as jumping and systemic reactions,the test results of the aviators were also significantly superior to those of the divers,and statistical significance could be found when comparisons were made between them (P ＜ 0.001).However,there was no statistical significance in other physical fitness indicators.Conclusions The physical fitness test results of the naval aviators were on the whole good.To improve the health status of the divers,physical fitness training should be intensified for divers.

Objective To observe BQ123 on lung tissue injury following ischemia-reperfusion of hind limbs in rats.Methods A total of 30 male SD rats were randomly divided into control,I-R,and BQ123 groups,with 10 rats in each group. After 4- hour of ischemia and 4-hour of reperfusion to the hind limbs, ET-1 was measured by radioimmunoassay, levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialehyde (MDA) were examined by biochemical method,and the content of P-selectin was examined by ELISA. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expressions of Fas,Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in lung tissues. Pulmonary apoptosis was examined by means of TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling ( TUNEL) . Results Compared with the control group,the levels of ET-1,MPO,MDA and P-selectin in lung tissues were all increased significantly in I-R group ( P<0. 01). The expressions of Fas,Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 were 0. 294±0. 003,0. 108±0. 005,and 0. 174±0. 003,significantly up-regulated in the I-R group. The apoptosis rate [(18. 83±2. 86)%] was significantly increased in the I-R group (P<0. 01). Compared with I-R group,the tissue contents of ET-1,MPO,MDA and P-selectin were significantly lowered in BQ123 group (P<0. 01). The expression levels of Fas (0. 115±0. 007) and Caspase-3 (0. 159±0. 006) were decreased,but the expression of Bcl-2 was increased (0. 128±0. 005). The apoptosis rate in BQ123 group was significantly lower [(10. 67±2. 16)%,P<0. 01].Conclusion BQ123 may have protective effects on lung tissue after limb ischemia-reperfusion in rats by means of improving neutrophil aggregation and reducing the expression of proteins related to cell apoptosis.

We developed a three-dimensional mini-type permanent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device in our lab. The purposes of this study were (1) for further development of MRI technologies, (2) for support of broadening practices of animal test modeling in medical research, and (3) for training more specialists from colleges or universities in the field of MRI. This paper describes the research and development at our lab(s), especially stressing on the design of the main magnet, the gradient coil and the radio frequency coil. In addition, the specific methodologies used in our lab(s) and the related data are emphasized. The 3D MRI technologies have met the needs of using small animals, super thin sections of live animal body and high imaging resolutions. MRI images of mice head and abdominal have been obtained successfully by using the imager that we developed. The imaging results and analyses have also been discussed.
Animals ; Equipment Design ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; instrumentation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; instrumentation ; methods ; Mice

Objective To observe the protection effect of ischemic preconditioning to small intestines injury after limbs ischemia reperfusion ,and investigate the role of nitrogen monoxidum in the process .Methods 52 male Wistar rats were randomly divided in-to Sham group ,limbs ischemia-reperfusion (IR) group ,IPC + IR group and Nω-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME) group . The value of diamine oxidase (DAO) and nitrogen monoxidum (NO) in plasma and gut tissue ,the content of fluorescein isothiocya-nate lipopolysaccharide (FITC-LPS) in plasma ,and the value of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and malondialehyde (MDA) in gut tissue were measured ,respectively .The expression of P-selection and Caspase-3 were measured by immunohisto-chemistry .The apoptosis of intestinal cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase -mediated dUTP nick end labe-ling (TUNEL) and the results were analysed quantitatively by automatic image analytical system .Results Compared with the LIR group ,the values of DAO and FITC-LPS in plasma decreased obviously in the IPC group ,and the level of NO in plasma increased obviously (P<0 .01) .The values of DAO ,NO and cGMP in gut tissue increased obviously ,the level of MDA and the expression of Caspase-3 and the apoptosis index (AI) were significantly decreased in IPC group (P<0 .01) .Compared with the IPC group ,the value of DAO and FITC-LPS were higher and the level of NO was lower in plasma of the L-NAME group (P<0 .01) .The values of DAO ,NO and cGM P in gut tissue obviously decreased ,the level of MDA significantly increased ,and the expression of Caspase-3 and the AI significantly upregulated in L-NAME group than those in IPC group (P<0 .01) .Conclusion IPC can improve the small intestine injury and the apoptosis following hind limbs ischemia reperfusion which may correlated with the increase in the level of NO .