Objective To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture at"Zusanli"(ST36)on type 3 innate lymphoid cells(ILC3s)secreting interleukin(IL)-22 and intestinal cholinergic neurons in the colon of mice with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),and to explore the mechanisms underlying electroacupuncture-mediated amelioration of IBD.Methods Twenty-four male C57BL/6J mice were divided into a normal group(n=8)and a modeling group(n=16)using the random number table method.The modeling group received 4％dextran sulfate sodium solution ad libitum for 7 days to establish the IBD model.On the fourth day after modeling,the modeling group was divided into a model group and an electroacupuncture group using the random number table method,with eight mice per group.Electroacupuncture intervention was applied bilaterally at"Zusanli"(ST36)in mice of the electroacupuncture group,once daily for 20 min each time,for seven consecutive days.After intervention,stool characteristics and occult blood were assessed.The disease activity index(DAI)of mice in each group was scored,and colon length was measured.The morphology of the colon tissue in mice was observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining,and the histopathological score was determined.A cytometric bead array was used to detect the contents of IL-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and IL-6 in colon tissue.Flow cytometry was used to determine the IL-22+ILC3s proportion in lamina propria lymphocytes of colon tissue.The content of IL-22 in colon tissue was detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Immunofluorescence was used to detect the number of choline acetyltransferase(ChAT)+/cellular Fos(c-Fos)+co-labeled neurons in colon tissue.Results Compared with the normal group,mice in the model group exhibited different degrees of loose stools,strongly positive fecal occult blood test,elevated DAI scores,shortened colon length,increased colon histopathological score;increased contents of IL-1β,TNF-α,and IL-6 in colon tissue;and a decreased IL-22+ILC3s proportion in lamina propria lymphocytes of colon tissue(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,mice in the electroacupuncture group exhibited improved fecal traits,weakly positive fecal occult blood test,decreased DAI score,increased colon length,reduced colon histopathological score;decreased contents of IL-1β,TNF-α,and IL-6 in colon tissues;an increased IL-22+ILC3s proportion in lamina propria lymphocytes of colon tissue;increased IL-22 content in colon tissue;and increased ChAT+/c-Fos+co-labeled neurons in colon tissue(P＜0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture at"Zusanli"(ST36)can significantly ameliorate colonic damage and reduce inflammatory responses in IBD mice,and its mechanism may be related to the activation of intestinal cholinergic neurons and the enhancement of colonic ILC3s function.

Objective To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture at"Zusanli"(ST36)on type 3 innate lymphoid cells(ILC3s)secreting interleukin(IL)-22 and intestinal cholinergic neurons in the colon of mice with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),and to explore the mechanisms underlying electroacupuncture-mediated amelioration of IBD.Methods Twenty-four male C57BL/6J mice were divided into a normal group(n=8)and a modeling group(n=16)using the random number table method.The modeling group received 4％dextran sulfate sodium solution ad libitum for 7 days to establish the IBD model.On the fourth day after modeling,the modeling group was divided into a model group and an electroacupuncture group using the random number table method,with eight mice per group.Electroacupuncture intervention was applied bilaterally at"Zusanli"(ST36)in mice of the electroacupuncture group,once daily for 20 min each time,for seven consecutive days.After intervention,stool characteristics and occult blood were assessed.The disease activity index(DAI)of mice in each group was scored,and colon length was measured.The morphology of the colon tissue in mice was observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining,and the histopathological score was determined.A cytometric bead array was used to detect the contents of IL-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and IL-6 in colon tissue.Flow cytometry was used to determine the IL-22+ILC3s proportion in lamina propria lymphocytes of colon tissue.The content of IL-22 in colon tissue was detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Immunofluorescence was used to detect the number of choline acetyltransferase(ChAT)+/cellular Fos(c-Fos)+co-labeled neurons in colon tissue.Results Compared with the normal group,mice in the model group exhibited different degrees of loose stools,strongly positive fecal occult blood test,elevated DAI scores,shortened colon length,increased colon histopathological score;increased contents of IL-1β,TNF-α,and IL-6 in colon tissue;and a decreased IL-22+ILC3s proportion in lamina propria lymphocytes of colon tissue(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,mice in the electroacupuncture group exhibited improved fecal traits,weakly positive fecal occult blood test,decreased DAI score,increased colon length,reduced colon histopathological score;decreased contents of IL-1β,TNF-α,and IL-6 in colon tissues;an increased IL-22+ILC3s proportion in lamina propria lymphocytes of colon tissue;increased IL-22 content in colon tissue;and increased ChAT+/c-Fos+co-labeled neurons in colon tissue(P＜0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture at"Zusanli"(ST36)can significantly ameliorate colonic damage and reduce inflammatory responses in IBD mice,and its mechanism may be related to the activation of intestinal cholinergic neurons and the enhancement of colonic ILC3s function.

As a crucial research branch of artificial intelligence and a key technology for implementing smart healthcare, knowledge graphs have demonstrated strong capabilities in data processing and organization. Nursing researchers can leverage knowledge graph technology to effectively integrate nursing-related concepts and their potential relationships, thereby providing guidance for clinical nursing practice. This paper introduced the connotation, construction methods, and core technologies of knowledge graphs, and presents specific scenarios illustrating their applications in the nursing field. Furthermore, it discussed the role of knowledge graphs in promoting the development of nursing science, aiming to enhance awareness among nursing researchers and broaden the application of knowledge graphs in nursing.

As a crucial research branch of artificial intelligence and a key technology for implementing smart healthcare, knowledge graphs have demonstrated strong capabilities in data processing and organization. Nursing researchers can leverage knowledge graph technology to effectively integrate nursing-related concepts and their potential relationships, thereby providing guidance for clinical nursing practice. This paper introduced the connotation, construction methods, and core technologies of knowledge graphs, and presents specific scenarios illustrating their applications in the nursing field. Furthermore, it discussed the role of knowledge graphs in promoting the development of nursing science, aiming to enhance awareness among nursing researchers and broaden the application of knowledge graphs in nursing.

Objective:To investigate the current status of the nurturing care ability of primary intergenerational caregivers for infants and young children aged 0-3 years old, and explore its influencing factors, providing reference for further constructing strategies to enhance the nurturing care ability of primary intergenerational caregivers.Methods:From November 2022 to February 2023, cluster sampling was used to select 673 primary intergenerational caregivers of infants and young children aged 0-3 from three communities in Zunyi City as participants. The survey was conducted using the General Self-Efficacy Scale and the self-made Primary Intergenerational Caregiver Nurturing Care Ability Questionnaire for 0-3 Year Old Infants and Young Children. The nurturing care ability of primary intergenerational caregivers was evaluated from five dimensions of health care, nutrition care, safety care, responsive care, and early learning opportunities. Single factor analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the factors influencing the nurturing care ability of primary intergenerational caregivers.Results:Among 673 primary intergenerational caregivers, the total score for the nurturing care ability was (88.15±13.19), and the mean of each item was (2.38±0.36). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status, educational level, occupational status, and general self-efficacy were the influencing factors on the nurturing care ability of primary intergenerational caregivers for infants and young children aged 0-3 years old ( P<0.05), which explained 21.4% of the total variation. Conclusions:The nurturing care ability of the primary intergenerational caregivers for infants and young children aged 0-3 in Zunyi City are at upper middle level. Healthcare professionals should attach importance to evaluating the nurturing care ability of primary intergenerational caregivers, and provide targeted and effective interventions and support to improve their nurturing care abilities, comprehensively ensuring the healthy growth of infants and young children aged 0-3.

Objective:To investigate the current status of the nurturing care ability of primary intergenerational caregivers for infants and young children aged 0-3 years old, and explore its influencing factors, providing reference for further constructing strategies to enhance the nurturing care ability of primary intergenerational caregivers.Methods:From November 2022 to February 2023, cluster sampling was used to select 673 primary intergenerational caregivers of infants and young children aged 0-3 from three communities in Zunyi City as participants. The survey was conducted using the General Self-Efficacy Scale and the self-made Primary Intergenerational Caregiver Nurturing Care Ability Questionnaire for 0-3 Year Old Infants and Young Children. The nurturing care ability of primary intergenerational caregivers was evaluated from five dimensions of health care, nutrition care, safety care, responsive care, and early learning opportunities. Single factor analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the factors influencing the nurturing care ability of primary intergenerational caregivers.Results:Among 673 primary intergenerational caregivers, the total score for the nurturing care ability was (88.15±13.19), and the mean of each item was (2.38±0.36). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status, educational level, occupational status, and general self-efficacy were the influencing factors on the nurturing care ability of primary intergenerational caregivers for infants and young children aged 0-3 years old ( P<0.05), which explained 21.4% of the total variation. Conclusions:The nurturing care ability of the primary intergenerational caregivers for infants and young children aged 0-3 in Zunyi City are at upper middle level. Healthcare professionals should attach importance to evaluating the nurturing care ability of primary intergenerational caregivers, and provide targeted and effective interventions and support to improve their nurturing care abilities, comprehensively ensuring the healthy growth of infants and young children aged 0-3.

[摘 要] 目的：用组织代谢组学方法，探讨甲状腺乳头状癌（papillary thyroid carcinoma, PTC）组织及癌旁组织的代谢差异，寻找PTC的潜在生物标志物，探索PTC的发病机制与治疗策略。方法：收集2018年10月至2020年2月期间湖南省人民医院乳甲外科手术切除的40例PTC患者的癌组织及癌旁组织标本。利用HPLC-MS技术平台对PTC组织及癌旁组织样本的差异性代谢物进行多维统计分析，寻找与PTC相关的异常代谢通路。结果：经PCA、PLS-DA、OPLS-DA分析得知癌组织和癌旁组织的代谢轮廓具有显著性差异。经OPLS-Loading plot分析，结合VIP>1、FC>2，且P<0.05，筛选出76个潜在差异性代谢物。其中亮氨酸、2-褪黑素、香草酸等33种代谢物在PTC组织中表达上调；3-葡萄糖苷、甘油磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、乳糖等43代谢物在PTC癌组织中表达下调。寻找到与差异性代谢物相关的13条异常代谢通路，如半胱氨酸与蛋氨酸代谢、与甘油磷脂代谢、嘧啶代谢、半乳糖代谢以及丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢、柠檬酸循环等，这些代谢通路可能参与PTC代谢的病理生理过程。ROC曲线下面积大于0.9的差异性代谢物有5种，分别是庚二酸、糖醇、辛二酸、乳糖和L-丝氨酸。结论：PTC组织中半乳糖代谢和氨基酸代谢发生改变，PTC组织细胞中存在沃伯格效应(Warburg effect)。庚二酸、糖醇、辛二酸、乳糖、L-丝氨酸五种差异性代谢物可以用来区分PTC患者与正常人。

Objective:To investigate the difference of vitamin A and E levels in children with different respiratory diseases at different ages.Methods:A total of 671 children in Hunan Children's Hospital from July 2017 to October 2019 were selected as the disease group, including 197 cases of pneumonia, 152 cases of recurrent respiratory tract infection, 91 cases of asthma, 88 cases of cough variant asthma and 143 cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia; At the same time, 245 healthy children were selected as the normal group. The serum vitamin A and vitamin E levels of the two groups were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results:⑴ The vitamin A level [(0.31±0.09)mg/L] of the disease group was lower than the normal group [(0.35±0.25)mg/L], and the vitamin E level [(8.92±2.57)mg/L] was lower than the normal group [(9.62±2.79)mg/L], with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05); ⑵ The level of vitamin A in the disease group at the age of >1-3 years [(0.32±0.09)mg/L] was lower than that in the normal group of the same age group [(0.35±0.08)mg/L]; the level of vitamin A in the disease group at the age of >3-6 years old [(0.30±0.08)mg/L] was lower than that of the same age group [(0.32±0.07)mg/L], with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05); ⑶ The vitamin E level of the disease group at >1-3 years old [(9.23±2.56)mg/L], >3-6 [(8.02±1.86)mg/L] and >6-14 years old [(8.02±1.82)mg/L] were lower than that of the same age normal group [(9.76±2.81)mg/L, (9.67±2.87)mg/L, (9.19±2.58)mg/L], with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05); ⑷ There were significant differences in vitamin A levels among different age in disease group ( P<0.05). Among them, the children with high risk of subclinical deficiency accounted for the largest proportion (45.78%) in the 6-month-1-year-old group, and the proportion of children with normal vitamin A levels in other age groups was the largest; ⑸ There are significant differences in vitamin E levels in different age groups in the disease group ( P<0.05), the levels in the normal range accounts for the largest proportion of all ages; ⑹ The levels of vitamin A and vitamin E in mycoplasma pneumoniae infection group were increased compared with in recurrent respiratory infection group , asthma group, and cough variant asthma group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Compared with the pneumonia group, the level of vitamin E increased in the recurrent respiratory infection group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); The vitamin E levels in the cough variant asthma group were reduced compared with the repeated respiratory infection group, asthma group and pneumonia group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The Vitamin A and E levels of children suffering from respiratory diseases are lower than those of normal children. The Vitamin A and E levels of different respiratory diseases and different age groups are different. Vitamin A and E supplementation may be significantly targeted according to different ages and different respiratory diseases in clinical practice.

Objective: The aim of the study is to validate whether the Recognition Of Stroke In the Emergency Room (ROSIER) scale can be used by general practitioners (GPs) in an emergency medical service (EMS) protocol to transfer stroke patients from primary care center to advanced hospital with acute stroke center. Methods: GPs prospectively performed the ROSIER scale and the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS) on suspected stroke patients as a transfer protocol. All patients were immediately transferred to the Level-II hospital for further treatment. Results: 468 of the 512 suspected stroke patients met the inclusion criteria in this study. The ROSIER scale showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 83.13% (95% confidence intervals [CI] 79.74-86.52%) and specificity of 80.88% (95% CI 77.32- 84.44%). The CPSS showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 78.01% (95% CI 74.26-81.76%) and specificity of 70.59% (95% CI 66.46-74.72%). The Kappa statistic value of the ROSIER scale and the CPSS were 0.601 and 0.454, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of ROSIER scale was large than the CPSS (AUC 0.855 vs. 0.791). However, the difference was not significantly different. Conclusions: This study suggest that ROSIER and CPSS could be used in an EMS protocol to transfer stroke patients from a primary care center to an advanced hospital offering thrombolysis service
Stroke

[Objective]To investigate the effect of Donepezil on dysgnosia in patients with mild-moderate general paralysis of the insane(GPI).[Methods]Forty-seven patients with GPI were assigned into study group(n=24)or control group(n=23). All these patients were treated with a large dose of penicillin for 2 weeks and then with Benzathine for 3 weeks. And the Donepezil admin-istered to patients in study group.The mini-mental state examination(MMSE)and the clinical dementia rating(CDR)were scored as the measurement of efficiency.[Result]The scores of the MMSE and CDR were not statistically different between the two groups at baseline and 4 weeks after treatment,and both were increased 12 weeks after treatment(P<0.05),especially in study group as com-pared with those in control group(P < 0.05).[Conclusion]Donepezil as an adjunctive therapy may be effective for dysgnosia in patients with mild-moderate GPI. Donepezil is also safe and well tolerated.