AIM: To evaluate the postoperative clinical efficacy of non-diffractive extended depth of focus intraocular lens(EDOF IOL)in patients with highly myopic cataract(HMC).METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients diagnosed with HMC at the hospital from January 2022 to December 2024. Patients were divided into an observation group [undergoing femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery(FLACS)combined with non-diffractive EDOF IOL implantation] and a control group(undergoing FLACS combined with aspheric monofocal IOL implantation)according to the type of implanted IOL. Postoperative visual acuity(LogMAR), visual quality, and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: A total of 33 patients(47 eyes)were finally included in this study, including 10 patients(17 eyes)in the observation group and 23 patients(30 eyes)in the control group. The observation group had a median age of 59.0(52.8, 63.8)y, with 8 males(13 eyes)and 2 females(4 eyes). The control group had a median age of 56.0(53.5, 60.0)y, with 13 males(17 eyes)and 10 females(13 eyes). At 3 mo postoperatively, the best-corrected distance visual acuity(BCDVA)was 0.10(0.08, 0.12)in the observation group and 0.20(0.10, 0.40)in the control group(P=0.586). However, the best-corrected intermediate visual acuity(BCIVA)[0.10(0.10, 0.10)vs 0.50(0.40, 0.90), P=0.032] and best-corrected near visual acuity(BCNVA)[0.20(0.18, 0.20)vs 0.60(0.45, 1.45), P=0.044] in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group. The defocus curve showed that the uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA)in the observation group was relatively stable within the range of -2.00 to +1.00 D, which was superior to that in the control group. Postoperative questionnaires showed that the spectacle independence rate(76%)and overall satisfaction(88%)in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(10% and 60%, respectively).CONCLUSION: Non-diffractive EDOF IOL significantly improves intermediate and near visual acuity, reduces spectacle dependence, and maintains distance visual acuity by extending the depth of focus, providing better postoperative visual quality and life satisfaction for HMC patients.

Objective: To understand the awareness of chikungunya fever knowledge and its related factors among medical college students in Baise City, so as to provide a scientific basis to offer relevant courses and special education. Methods: From July to August 2025, 7 286 enrolled medical students were selected by a sampling method from a medical college in Baise City to participate in the questionnaire survey. The questionnaire covered epidemiological characteristics, clinical symptoms, and prevention/control knowledge of chikungunya fever. Statistical analyses including the Chi quare test and multivariate Logistic regression models were performed. Results: The overall awareness rate of chikungunya fever knowledge among the medical students was 18.89%. Among the knowledge items, the awareness rate of "the high incidence season" was the highest (84.05%), while that of "the infectious period" was the lowest (17.80%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that medical students with female (a OR= 1.37 , 95%CI =1.20- 1.57 ), the age for over 25 years old (a OR=1.76, 95%CI =1.05-2.93), whose father had a middle school educational level (a OR=1.18, 95%CI =1.05-1.31), and majored in preventive medicine (a OR=1.54, 95%CI =1.10-1.67) had relatively higher awareness rates of chikungunya fever knowledge (all P <0.05). In contrast, students of Zhuang ethnicity (a OR= 0.87 , 95%CI =0.76-0.98) and majoring in nursing (a OR=0.74, 95%CI =0.61-0.91) or pharmacy (a OR=0.70, 95%CI =0.52-0.95) had relatively lower awareness rates (all P <0.05). Conclusions The awareness rate of chikungunya fever related knowledge among medical college students in Baise City is relatively low. Schools should take targeted publicity measures to improve medical students awareness.

Objective: To explore the cross sectional and longitudinal associations between 24 hour movement behaviors and physical fitness in preschool children, and to adopt the method of equal time substitution analysis to evaluate the impact of time redistribution of different activity behaviors on physical fitness scores,so as to provide a scientific basis for promoting the health of preschool children. Methods: A total of 193 preschool children aged 3-6 years were selected from three Shanghai districts (Jing an, Baoshan, Jiading) from October to December 2023 by the stratified cluster random sampling method. The 24 hour movement behaviors were monitored via 7 day accelerometry, and physical fitness was measured according to the National Physical Fitness Measurement Standards (Revised 2023, preschool section). From October to December 2024, the follow up of physical fitness among preschool children used the same testing method. The comparison between groups was conducted by t-test. Compositional regression analyses evaluated the relationship of 24 hour movement behaviors and physical fitness among preschool children. Results: At baseline, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time was significantly higher in boys [(84.10±25.78)min/d] than in girls [( 70.44± 25.98)min/d]; the composite physical fitness score was significantly higher in boys (71.65±8.69) than in girls (68.84±9.89), and the differences were statistically significant ( t =3.65, 2.10, both P <0.01). After adjusting for gender, age and body mass index, the results of component multiple linear regression analysis showed that MVPA time proportion was positively correlated with the composite physical fitness score at baseline among preschool children ( β =6.61), but was negatively correlated with two legged continuous hopping time at 1 year ( β =-1.12) (both P <0.05). Light physical activity (LPA) time proportion was negatively correlated with walking on the balance beam time at 1 year ( β =-4.44), and sedentary behavior (SB) time proportion was negatively correlated with the composite score of physical fitness at baseline ( β =-6.55) (both P <0.05). Isotemporal substitution analysis revealed that replacing 10 minutes of sleep (SP), SB, and LPA with MVPA increased the baseline physical fitness composite score by 0.750, 0.689 and 0.575 units, respectively; at 1 year follow up, the composite score increased by 1.440, 1.419 and 1.430 units, respectively (all P <0.05). Conversely, replacing MVPA with 10 minutes of SP, SB, and LPA,resulted in decreases in baseline physical fitness composite scores of 0.836, 0.777 and 0.669 units, and reductions of 1.613, 1.592 and 1.598 units at 1 year follow up (all P < 0.05 ). Conclusions Preschool children s 24 hour movement behaviors, especially MVPA, are closely related to physical health. Implementing appropriate strategies to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary time may improve the physical fitness of preschoolers.

Objective: To explore the association between mental health status and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among sexual minority college students, so as to provide a scientific basis for mental health education and health promotion in universities. Methods: From January to February 2024, convenience and cluster sampling methods were used to select 1 792 college students from 11 colleges in Guangxi. A self reporting method was applied to identify 476 sexual minority individuals. The Symptom Check-List 90 (SCL-90) and the Simplified Chinese Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (SC-ACE-IQ) were employed to assess mental health and ACEs. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the associations. Results: The detection rates of all psychological issues among sexual minority college students in Guangxi were significantly higher than those of non sexual minority college students ( χ 2=56.01-91.39, all P <0.01). Except for physical neglect, bullying, and community violence, sexual minority students exhibited higher reporting rates of other ACEs types compared to nonsexual minority students ( χ 2= 4.52-13.34, all P <0.05). The total ACEs score for college students was 1.00 (1.00, 2.00), while the SCL-90 total score was 96.00 (113.00, 160.00). Spearman correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between ACEs total scores and SCL-90 total scores ( r=0.29, P <0.05). Additionally, all ACEs subscales, including emotional neglect, physical neglect, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, parental loss, domestic violence, and community violence were positively correlated with corresponding SCL-90 subscale scores ( r =0.05-0.22, all P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that family violence increased the risk of mental health issues for sexual minority students ( OR=1.61, 95%CI =1.26-2.09); emotional neglect ( OR= 1.05 , 95%CI =1.00-1.10), physical neglect ( OR=1.20, 95%CI =1.06-1.35), sexual abuse ( OR=1.49, 95%CI =1.15-1.93) increased mental health risks for non sexual minority students (all P <0.05). The cumulative effects of ACEs were all statistically significant in the total sample and both subgroups (all P <0.05). Conclusion Mental health status among sexual minority college students in Guangxi is associated with ACEs, and their well being requires active attention

OBJECTIVE To improve the quality standard of Zhuang medicine Yingbupu （Aralia armata）. METHODS A total of 23 batches of Yingbupu （A. armata） were studied. Their macroscopic characteristics and powder microscopic features were observed. TLC was employed for the qualitative identification of oleanolic acid and araloside A. Items such as water content， total ash， acid-insoluble ash， and ethanol-soluble extract were determined according to the methods specified in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia （part Ⅳ）. UPLC fingerprint was established for 23 batches of samples by using Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprints of Traditional Chinese Medicine （2012 edition）， and the contents of oleanolic acid and araloside A were determined. RESULTS The powder microscopic characteristics of the medicinal material were distinctive. Oleanolic acid and araloside A were detected by TLC in all 23 batches. Among the 23 batches of samples， the content ranges of moisture， total ash， acid-insoluble ash， and ethanol-soluble extract were 6.9% to 10.4%， 1.8% to 6.8%， 0.1% to 1.9%， and 2.8% to 8.4%， respectively. Based on the UPLC fingerprint， a total of 15 common peaks were obtained， and 9 of these common peaks were identified. The content ranges of oleanolic acid and araloside A in the 23 batches of samples were 0.86% to 2.69% and 0.16% to 1.10%， respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study has added items such as moisture and total ash content fingerprint， TLC identification. A preliminary quality standard has been established for the medicinal material of Yingbupu （A. armata）， stipulating that the moisture content should not exceed 11.0%， the total ash content should not exceed 5.0%， the acid-insoluble ash content should not exceed 2.5%， the ethanol-soluble extract（No. content should not be less than 4.0%， and the contents of zyyzdxk-2023165） oleanolic acid and araloside A should not be less than 1.00% and 0.45%（ calculated by a dried basis）， respectively.

The gut microbiota regulates intestinal nutrient absorption, participates in modulating host glucolipid metabolism, and contributes to ameliorating glucolipid metabolism disorder. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota can compromise the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier, induce inflammatory responses, and exacerbate insulin resistance and abnormal lipid metabolism in the host. Dangua Humai Oral Liquid, a hospital-developed formulation for regulating glucolipid metabolism, has been granted a national invention patent and demonstrates significant clinical efficacy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Dangua Humai Oral Liquid on gut microbiota and the intestinal mucosal barrier in a mouse model with glucolipid metabolism disorder. A glucolipid metabolism disorder model was established by feeding mice a high-glucose and high-fat diet. The mice were divided into a normal group, a model group, and a treatment group, with eight mice in each group. The treatment group received a daily gavage of Dangua Humai Oral Liquid(20 g·kg~(-1)), while the normal group and model group were given an equivalent volume of sterile water. After 15 weeks of intervention, glucolipid metabolism, intestinal mucosal barrier function, and inflammatory responses were evaluated. Metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics were employed to analyze changes in gut microbiota and associated metabolic pathways. Significant differences were observed between the indicators of the normal group and the model group. Compared with the model group, the treatment group exhibited marked improvements in glucolipid metabolism disorder, alleviated pathological damage in the liver and small intestine tissue, elevated expression of recombinant claudin 1(CLDN1), occluding(OCLN), and zonula occludens 1(ZO-1) in the small intestine tissue, and reduced serum levels of inflammatory factors lipopolysaccharides(LPS), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP), interleukin-6(IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α). At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Bacteroidota decreased, while that of Firmicutes increased. Lipid-related metabolic pathways were significantly altered. In conclusion, based on the successful establishment of the mouse model of glucolipid metabolism disorder, this study confirmed that Dangua Humai Oral Liquid effectively modulates gut microbiota and mucosal barrier function, reduces serum inflammatory factor levels, and regulates lipid-related metabolic pathways, thereby ameliorating glucolipid metabolism disorder.
Animals ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Mice ; Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology* ; Male ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Humans ; Glycolipids/metabolism* ; Lipid Metabolism/drug effects* ; Administration, Oral ; Disease Models, Animal

OBJECTIVES: To determine the pharmacological impact of hesperidin, the main component of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, on depressive behavior and elucidate the mechanism by which hesperidin treats depression, focusing on the gut-brain axis. METHODS: Fifty-four Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly allocated to 6 groups using a random number table, including control, model, hesperidin, probiotics, fluoxetine, and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium groups. Except for the control group, rats in the remaining 5 groups were challenged with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 21 days and housed in single cages. The sucrose preference test (SPT), immobility time in the forced swim test (FST), and number in the open field test (OFT) were performed to measure the behavioral changes in the rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in brain tissue, and the histopathology was performed to evaluate the changes of colon tissue, together with sequencing of the V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA gene on feces to explore the changes of intestinal flora in the rats. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the rats in the model group showed notable reductions in body weight, SPF, and number in OFT (P<0.01). Hesperidin was found to ameliorate depression induced by CUMS, as seen by improvements in body weight, SPT, immobility time in FST, and number in OFT (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Regarding neurotransmitters, it was found that at a dose of 50 mg/kg hesperidin treatment upregulated the levels of 5-HT and BDNF in depressed rats (P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the colon tissue of the model group exhibited greater inflammatory cell infiltration, with markedly reduced numbers of goblet cells and crypts and were significantly improved following treatment with hesperidin. Simultaneously, the administration of hesperidin demonstrated a positive impact on the gut microbiome of rats treated with CUMS, such as Shannon index increased and Simpson index decreased (P<0.01), while the abundance of Pseudomonadota and Bacteroidota increased in the hesperidin-treated group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The mechanism responsible for the beneficial effects of hesperidin on depressive behavior in rats may be related to inhibition of the expressions of BDNF and 5-HT and preservation of the gut microbiota.
Animals ; Hesperidin/therapeutic use* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Depression/drug therapy* ; Male ; Stress, Psychological/drug therapy* ; Brain/metabolism* ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism* ; Serotonin/metabolism* ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects* ; Rats ; Brain-Gut Axis/drug effects* ; Chronic Disease ; Colon/drug effects*

Functional dyspepsia (FD), characterized by persistent or recurrent dyspeptic symptoms without identifiable organic, systemic or metabolic causes, is an increasingly recognized global health issue. The objective of this guideline is to equip clinicians and nursing professionals with evidence-based strategies for the management and treatment of adult patients with FD using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The Guideline Development Group consulted existing TCM consensus documents on FD and convened a panel of 35 clinicians to generate initial clinical queries. To address these queries, a systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Database, China Biology Medicine (SinoMed) Database, Wanfang Database, Traditional Medicine Research Data Expanded (TMRDE), and the Traditional Chinese Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (TCMLARS). The evidence from the literature was critically appraised using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. The strength of the recommendations was ascertained through a consensus-building process involving TCM and allopathic medicine experts, methodologists, pharmacologists, nursing specialists, and health economists, leveraging their collective expertise and empirical knowledge. The guideline comprises a total of 43 evidence-informed recommendations that span a range of clinical aspects, including the pathogenesis according to TCM, diagnostic approaches, therapeutic interventions, efficacy assessments, and prognostic considerations. Please cite this article as: Zhang SS, Zhao LQ, Hou XH, Bian ZX, Zheng JH, Tian HH, Yang GH, Hong WS, He YY, Liu L, Shen H, Li YP, Xie S, Shu J, Zeng BF, Li JX, Liu Z, Xiao ZH, Xiao JD, Zheng PY, Huang SG, Chen SL, Fei GJ. International clinical practice guideline on the use of traditional Chinese medicine for functional dyspepsia (2025). J Integr Med. 2025; 23(5):502-518.
Dyspepsia/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use*

Monotropein is a compound classified into iridoid which is found in herbaceous plants Morindae officinalis. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-osteoarthritic activities. Previous study indicates that monotropein may have the potential to combat cardiovascular disease, although the related mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we constructed the model of atherosclerosis by oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced vascular smooth muscle cells and LDLR –/–mice given high-fat diet to investigate the effects of monotropein on atherosclerosis.Our results showed that monotropein treatment significantly reduced the area of atherosclerotic plaques and necrotic cores in mice, inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, and reduced inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, which in turn alleviated atherosclerosis. In addition, we found that monotropein reduced the expression levels of P-NF-κB and P-AP-1. In conclusion, our data suggest that monotropein inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells by mediating the activity of NF-κB, AP-1, reducing the level of inflammation and oxidative stress, and thus resisting the development of atherosclerosis. These findings demonstrate the efficacious therapeutic impact of monotropein on atherosclerosis and elucidate its specific target.

Monotropein is a compound classified into iridoid which is found in herbaceous plants Morindae officinalis. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-osteoarthritic activities. Previous study indicates that monotropein may have the potential to combat cardiovascular disease, although the related mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we constructed the model of atherosclerosis by oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced vascular smooth muscle cells and LDLR –/–mice given high-fat diet to investigate the effects of monotropein on atherosclerosis.Our results showed that monotropein treatment significantly reduced the area of atherosclerotic plaques and necrotic cores in mice, inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, and reduced inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, which in turn alleviated atherosclerosis. In addition, we found that monotropein reduced the expression levels of P-NF-κB and P-AP-1. In conclusion, our data suggest that monotropein inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells by mediating the activity of NF-κB, AP-1, reducing the level of inflammation and oxidative stress, and thus resisting the development of atherosclerosis. These findings demonstrate the efficacious therapeutic impact of monotropein on atherosclerosis and elucidate its specific target.