Dialectical behavior therapy （DBT） is one of the empirically supported therapeutic approaches for borderline personality disorder （BPD）. By integrating behaviorism， dialectical philosophy， biosocial theory and Zen principles， DBT aims to enhance patients' emotional regulation， interpersonal effectiveness and distress tolerance， thereby alleviating BPD symptoms. This article systematically reviews the theoretical foundations of DBT and its research progress in BPD treatment， to Delve into the intervention effects of DBT， as well as the adjuvant role of pharmacotherapy and physiotherapy in enhancing DBT for BPD， and analyzes the challenges faced in DBT research and clinical application. The findings are expected to provide new insights for the localization and theoretical research of DBT in China.

ObjectiveTo understand the infection characteristics of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in hospitalized patients in a tertiary sentinel hospital in Shanghai, so as to provide an evidence for the development of targeted prevention and control measures. MethodsData of MDROs strains and corresponding medical records of some hospitalized patients in a hospital in Shanghai from 2021 to 2023 were collected, together with an analysis of the basic information, clinical treatment, underlying diseases and sources of sample collection. ResultsA total of 134 strains of MDROs isolated from hospitalized patients in this hospital were collected from 2021 to 2023 , including 63 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 57 strains of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), and 14 strains of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP). Of the 134 strains, 30 strains were found in 2021, 47 strains in 2022 and 57 strains in 2023. The male-to-female ratio of patients was 2.05∶1, with the highest percentage (70.90%) in the age group of 60‒<90 years. The primary diagnosis was mainly respiratory disease, with lung and respiratory tract as the cheif infection sites. There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of strains between different genders and infection sites (P>0.05). However, the differences in the distribution of strains between different ages and primary diagnosis were statistically significant (P<0.05). Patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), had urinary tract intubation, were not artery or vein intubated, were not on a ventilator, were not using immunosuppresants or hormones, and were not applying radiotherapy or chemotherapy were in the majority. There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of strains for whether received radiotherapy or chemotherapy or not (P>0.05), while the differences in the distribution of strains with ICU admission history, urinary tract intubation, artery or vein intubation, ventilator use, and immunosuppresants or hormones use or not were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The type of specimen was mainly sputum, the hospitalized ward was mainly comprehensive ICU, the sampling time was mainly in the first quarter throughout the year, the number of underlying diseases was mainly between 1 to 2 kinds, the application of antibiotics ≥4 kinds, and those who didn’t receive any surgery recently accounted for the most. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of strains between different specimen types, wards occupied and history of ICU stay (P<0.05), but no statistically significant difference in the distribution of strains between different sampling times, number of underlying diseases and types of antibiotics applied (P>0.05). ConclusionThe situation of prevention and control on MDROs in this hospital is still serious. Focus should be placed on high-risk factors’ and infection monitoring and preventive measures should be strengthened to reduce the incidence rate of MDROs infection.

As a traditional nutritional and healthy cash crop in China, tea has certain significance in promoting human health and preventing and controlling chronic diseases. Studies have shown that the nutritional health effect of tea is due to its rich functional components, mainly including tea polyphenols, tea pigments, tea polysaccharides, theanine, alkaloids and other bioactive substances. At present, researchers from the academic circles have continuously carried out animal and human experiments on the health effects of various functional components of tea, which has accumulated abundant research data and materials. Based on this, this article reviews the literature on the nutritional and health effects of the main functional components of tea, and adopts the method of evidence-based research to screen and extract relevant data for qualitative and quantitative meta-analysis. Subsequently, the nutritional health effects of the five functional components of tea, namely tea polyphenols, tea pigments, tea polysaccharides, theanine, and alkaloids, are summarized and outlined. Studies have shown that tea polyphenols, tea pigments, tea polysaccharides, theanine and alkaloids have different health effects and are expected to play their unique roles in promoting human health and preventing and controlling diseases.

Ribosome is an intracellular ribonucleoprotein particle that serves as the site of protein biosynthesis. Ribosomal dysfunction caused by mutations in genes encoding ribosomal proteins (RPs) and ribosome biogenesis factors (RBFs) can lead to a spectrum of diseases, collectively known as ribosomopathy. Phase separation is a thermodynamic process that produces multiple phases from a homogeneous mixture. The formation of membraneless organelles and intracellular structures, including ribosomes and nucleoli, cannot occur without the involvement of phase separation. Here, ribosome structure, biogenesis, and their relationship with ribosomopathy are systematically reviewed. The tissue specificity of ribosomopathy and the role of phase separation in ribosomopathy are particularly discussed, which may offer some clues for understanding the mechanisms of ribosomopathy. Then, some new ideas for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of ribosomopathy are provided.
Humans ; Ribosomes/physiology* ; Ribosomal Proteins/metabolism* ; Mutation ; Animals ; Cell Nucleolus/metabolism* ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Phase Separation

Debates persist regarding the efficacy and safety of azvudine, particularly its real-world outcomes. This study involved patients aged ≥60 years who were admitted to 25 hospitals in mainland China with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 1, 2022, and February 28, 2023. Efficacy outcomes were all-cause mortality during hospitalization, the proportion of patients discharged with recovery, time to nucleic acid-negative conversion (T _NANC), time to symptom improvement (T _SI), and time of hospital stay (T _HS). Safety was also assessed. Among the 5884 participants identified, 1999 received azvudine, and 1999 matched controls were included after exclusion and propensity score matching. Azvudine recipients exhibited lower all-cause mortality compared with controls in the overall population (13.3% vs. 17.1%, RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.90; P = 0.001) and in the severe subgroup (25.7% vs. 33.7%; RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66-0.88; P < 0.001). A higher proportion of patients discharged with recovery, and a shorter T _NANC were associated with azvudine recipients, especially in the severe subgroup. The incidence of adverse events in azvudine recipients was comparable to that in the control group (2.3% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.170). In conclusion, azvudine showed efficacy and safety in older patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave in China.

Myocardial fibrosis is a serious cause of heart failure and even sudden cardiac death. However, the mechanisms underlying myocardial ischemia-induced cardiac fibrosis remain unclear. Here, we identified that the expression of sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1 (SARM1), was increased significantly in the ischemic cardiomyopathy patients, dilated cardiomyopathy patients (GSE116250) and fibrotic heart tissues of mice. Additionally, inhibition or knockdown of SARM1 can improve myocardial fibrosis and cardiac function of myocardial infarction (MI) mice. Moreover, SARM1 fibroblasts-specific knock-in mice had increased deposition of extracellular matrix and impaired cardiac function. Mechanically, elevated expression of SARM1 promotes the deposition of extracellular matrix by directly modulating P4HA1. Notably, by using the Click-iT reaction, we identified that the increased expression of ZDHHC17 promotes the palmitoylation levels of SARM1, thereby accelerating the fibrosis process. Based on the fibrosis-promoting effect of SARM1, we screened several drugs with anti-myocardial fibrosis activity. In conclusion, we have unveiled that palmitoylated SARM1 targeting P4HA1 promotes collagen deposition and myocardial fibrosis. Inhibition of SARM1 is a potential strategy for the treatment of myocardial fibrosis. The sites where SARM1 interacts with P4HA1 and the palmitoylation modification sites of SARM1 may be the active targets for anti-fibrosis drugs.

OBJECTIVE To introduce the Dutch system of pharmacy academic education， professional practice and continuing education， and provide new ideas for constructing a “demand-driven， industry-education integrated， and sustainably developing” Chinese-style pharmacy education system. METHODS Through literature and public data retrieval， as well as collection of field visit materials， the study systematically combed the stage characteristics， institutional design， and innovative practices of Dutch pharmacy education， extracted its features and advantages， and proposed suggestions for pharmacy education reform in China. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The Dutch pharmacy academic education system is characterized by stepped competency-based training， integrating basic theory with early clinical practice at the undergraduate level， emphasizing specialized division of labor and strengthening clinical competence at the master’s level， and promoting industry-university-research collaborative innovation at the doctoral level. The practice qualification certification and continuing education exhibit multi-dimensional synergy. Specifically， the practice qualification certification process adheres to the guiding principle of “evidence-based competency”， implementing an access system centered on competency assessment， which requires passing national examinations and registration. The continuing education for hospital pharmacists is guided by patient safety， while continuing education for community pharmacists and other pharmacists （such as industrial pharmacists， regulatory science pharmacists， etc.） is guided by the frameworks of “digital situational learning” and a “triple tracks encompassing industry， regulation， and emerging fields”， respectively. China may draw on the five-dimensional path of Dutch pharmacy education in “early integration， vertical coherence， unified standards， industry-university-research collaboration， and intelligent empowerment” to reform its pharmacy education in aspects such as curriculum design， credit systems， evaluation criteria， training models， and training methods， aiming to cultivate pharmacy professionals aligned with China’s practical E-mail：cqqianyan@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn requirements.

Mitochondria play a crucial role as organelles, managing several physiological processes such as redox balance, cell metabolism, and energy synthesis. Initially, the assumption was that mitochondria primarily resided in the host cells and could exclusively transmit from oocytes to offspring by a mechanism known as vertical inheritance of mitochondria. Recent scholarly works, however, suggest that certain cell types transmit their mitochondria to other developmental cell types via a mechanism referred to as intercellular or horizontal mitochondrial transfer. This review details the process of which mitochondria are transferred across cells and explains the impact of mitochondrial transfer between cells on the efficacy and functionality of cancer cells in various cancer forms. Specifically, we review the role of mitochondria transfer in regulating cellular metabolism restoration, excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, mitophagy activation, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) inheritance, immune system modulation and therapeutic resistance in cancer. Additionally, we highlight the possibility of using intercellular mitochondria transfer as a therapeutic approach to treat cancer and enhance the efficacy of cancer treatments.

Mitochondria play a crucial role as organelles,managing several physiological processes such as redox balance,cell metabolism,and energy synthesis.Initially,the assumption was that mitochondria primarily resided in the host cells and could exclusively transmit from oocytes to offspring by a mechanism known as vertical inheritance of mitochondria.Recent scholarly works,however,suggest that certain cell types transmit their mitochondria to other developmental cell types via a mechanism referred to as inter-cellular or horizontal mitochondrial transfer.This review details the process of which mitochondria are transferred across cells and explains the impact of mitochondrial transfer between cells on the efficacy and functionality of cancer cells in various cancer forms.Specifically,we review the role of mitochondria transfer in regulating cellular metabolism restoration,excess reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation,proliferation,invasion,metastasis,mitophagy activation,mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)inheritance,im-mune system modulation and therapeutic resistance in cancer.Additionally,we highlight the possibility of using intercellular mitochondria transfer as a therapeutic approach to treat cancer and enhance the efficacy of cancer treatments.

Objective To investigate the expression of dermatopontin(DPT)in abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA)and to explore the mechanism in promoting AAA progression.Methods Differential gene expression(DEG)and GO-KEGG pathway enrichment were used to assess DPT expression level and related pathways in AAA.AAA tissue samples were collected from patients undergoing open surgical repair at Beijing Hospital(experimental group,n=3),while control aortic tissues were collected from kidney transplant donors(n=3).Immun-ohistochemistry and immuno-fluorescence staining were performed to validate DPT protein expression differences in AAA tissues.Masson staining microscopy was used to evaluate fibrosis level.Human aortic smooth muscle cells(HASMCs)were divided into control(Ctrl)and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-treated groups(n=3).RT-qPCR,ELISA,and immu-nocytochemistry(ICC)were used to measure DPT expression level.HASMCs were further divided into control(Ctrl)and recombinant human DPT-treated groups with 3 cases in each.RT-qPCR was performed to detect the ex-pression of interleukin-1α(IL-1α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),collagen type Ⅰ alpha 1 chain(COL1A1),matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP2),and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP9).Cell adhesion assays were conducted to ex-amine the role of integrin α3 and integrin β1 in HASMC adhesion.Results DPT was highly expressed in human AAA tissues(P＜0.01).LPS induced DPT expression and secretion in HASMCs(P＜0.05).DPT promoted IL-1α(P＜0.001)and IL-1β(P＜0.01)expression through a positive feedback mechanism while suppressed COL1A1(P＜0.001)production.DPT enhanced HASMC adhesion via the integrin α3β1 receptor(P＜0.001).Conclusions DPT promotes AAA progression by activating IL-1α/IL-1β inflammatory cytokines and inhibits COL1A1-mediated extra cellular matrix(ECM)remodeling.Integrin α3β1 is potentially involved in the regulation process.