Objective: To analyze the characteristics of latent classes of dietary patterns among children and adolescents in Qinghai Province, and their association with overweight and obesity, so as to provide a scientific basis for conducting targeted nutritional interventions and weight management for the local population. Methods: From May to October 2025, a multi stage stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to recruit 1 611 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years from Chengdong District of Xining City and Gonghe County of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province. Questionnaire survey was conducted using a questionnaire developed by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and physical examination was conducted by using unified measurement standards. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed on the food intake frequency of the participants. The χ 2 test and Logistic regression analysis were applied to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity. Results: The detection rates of overweight, obesity, and overall overweight/obesity among the participants were 10.4%, 5.8%, and 16.2%, respectively. Latent class analysis identified three dietary patterns: modern mixed pattern ( n =399, 24.8%), low diversity pattern ( n =476, 29.5%), and traditional dietary pattern ( n =736, 45.7%). The potential category distribution differences of three dietary patterns among children and adolescents with and without overweight or obesity were statistically significant (non overweight and obesity: 22.5%, 29.1%, 48.4%; overweight and obesity: 36.4%, 31.8%, 31.8%) ( χ 2=30.69, P <0.01). Logistic regression showed that, compared with the traditional dietary pattern, the modern mixed pattern was associated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity ( OR =1.68, 95% CI =1.13-2.49); female sex was associated with a lower risk of overweight/obesity compared with male sex ( OR =0.66, 95% CI =0.50-0.86) (both P <0.05). Conclusions A positive association exists between the modern mixed dietary pattern and obesity in children and adolescents. It is recommended to reduce the intake of grains and unhealthy foods among overweight and obese children and adolescents, while increasing the consumption of legumes, fish, and shrimp, in order to cultivate healthy and rational dietary habits.

Parathyromegaly refers to chronic enlargement of the parathyroid glands caused by multiple etiological factors. Pathological conditions, such as hyperparathyroidism, parathyroid hyperfunction, parathyroid adenoma, parathyroid cysts, and parathyroid carcinoma may all lead to parathyromegaly. Notably, calcium intake insufficiency and/or vitamin D insufficiency (CVI), which is the predominant etiology of parathyromegaly, now has been recognized as a global public health challenge. Chronic CVI induces negative calcium balance and relative low serum calcium level, stimulating compensatory parathyroid hyperplasia and enlargement. This progression triggers parathyroid hyperfunction and secondary hyperparathyroidism, resulting in bone mass loss, height reduction, kyphosis, osteoporosis, pathological fractures, metastatic vascular calcification and systemic abnormal calcium migration and calcinosis (such as urolithiasis). During the early stages of parathyromegaly, the condition remains preventable and treatable; However, delayed intervention may lead to irreversible tertiary hyperparathyroidism. CVI-associated parathyromegaly exhibits high prevalence and heterogeneous clinical manifestations, representing a critically underrecognized clinical entity. This article will systematically discuss the etiology, pathological characteristics, clinical consequences, and prevention and control strategies for CVI-related parathyromegaly.

Patients with initially diagnosed breast cancer and uncontrolled hyperthyroidism are at high risk of perioperative thyroid crisis. This article reports two cases of early-stage breast cancer initially diagnosed concurrently with uncontrolled primary hyperthyroidism. In Case 1, the patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy to control breast cancer progression while concurrently taking antithyroid drugs to manage hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism was controlled during chemotherapy, and the patient successfully underwent surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Case 2 involved recurrent primary hyperthyroidism with leukopenia after antithyroid drug therapy. Since leukopenia is a relative contraindication for antithyroid drugs, the patient underwent radioactive iodine therapy (iodine-131) and endocrine therapy for one month before proceeding with breast cancer surgery. Through a literature review, this article analyzes preoperative management strategies for uncontrolled hyperthyroidism in initially diagnosed breast cancer patients, emphasizing the importance of normalizing thyroid function to prevent thyroid crisis and reduce perioperative risks.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between dynamic alterations in serum albumin (ALB) concentrations and clinical outcomes in hospitalized surgical patients, thus providing a basis for optimizing clinical management strategies.Methods:This study utilized data from a prospective observational cohort study on nutritional status among 7 122 elderly hospitalized patients across 34 tertiary hospitals in 18 Chinese cities. A total of 1 714 surgical patients hospitalized for 7-30 days with complete data were included. Standardized protocols were used to collect demographic data, clinical outcomes, and a range of laboratory results, including nutritional and hematological parameters. Heterogeneous effects of ALB on clinical outcomes were explored. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine cutoff values for infection-related complications. Correlation analyses and multiple linear regression models were used to identify independent predictors of the absolute change in ALB (?ALB).Results:Among the surgical patients, 69.7% (1 195/1 714) experienced a decline in ALB levels during their hospital stay, which was significantly associated with the occurrence of both infection- and non-infection-related complications. Simultaneously, a marked decrease in ALB was also significantly correlated with changes in nutritional and inflammatory status during hospitalization, worsening of gastrointestinal symptoms at discharge, and functional activity abnormalities (all P<0.05). ?ALB exhibited a close association with outcome variables such as infection-related complications. Based on the incidence of infection-related complications, a cutoff value for ALB was calculated, dividing patients into a high-risk group ( n=179) and a low-risk group ( n=1 535), and a statistically significant difference in the incidence of infection-related complications was found between these two groups ( P<0.05). Correlation analysis and multiple linear regression modeling revealed that female gender, a higher baseline ALB level, a poorer baseline inflammatory status, an exacerbation of inflammatory status, larger alterations in platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and the presence of infection-related complications were predictive factors for a decline in ALB levels among surgical patients during their hospital stay. Conclusions:?ALB serves as a critical indicator of the inflammatory-nutritional interplay, with its magnitude of decline effectively predicting clinical outcomes and nutritional status changes and guiding multidisciplinary interventions in surgical patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of edaravone-dexborneol combined with intravenous thrombolysis on cerebrovascular reserve capacity and inflammatory factors in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods From January 2023 to June 2024,100 patients diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction in our hospital were divided into research group(n=50)and conventional group(n=50)by random number table method.The conventional group received intravenous thrombolysis,while the research group was treated with edaravone-dexborneol in addition to intravenous thrombolysis.The efficacy was evaluated after 2 weeks of treatment;the neurological function scores(mRS and NIHSS),cerebrovascular reserve indicators[pulsatility index(PI),cerebrovascular reserve(CVR)],hemorheological indicators(platelet aggregation rate,red blood cell aggregation index),levels of inflammatory factors[matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9,monocyte chemoattractant protein(MCP)-1,intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM)-1],and levels of neurological functional factors[neuron specific enolase(NSE),nerve growth factor(NGF),central nervous system specific protein(S100)β]before and after treatment were compared.Results After 2 weeks of treatment,the efficacy of the conventional group was 80.00％,the efficacy of the research group was 94.00％.And the therapeutic effect of research group was significantly higher than the conventional group(x2=4.332,P=0.037).After 4 weeks of treatment,the mRS score,NIHSS score,PI,platelet aggregation rate,red blood cell aggregation index,and serum levels of MCP-1,MMP-9,ICAM-1,NSE and S100β were significantly lower than those before treatment in the two groups,while the CVR and serum NGF levels were significantly higher than those before treatment(all P＜0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the mRS score,NIHSS score,PI,platelet aggregation rate,red blood cell aggregation index,and serum levels of MCP-1,MMP-9,ICAM-1,NSE and S100β were significantly lower in the research group than those in the conventional group(all P＜0.05),while the CVR and serum NGF level were significantly higher in the research group than those in the conventional group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The combination of edaravone-dexborneol with intravenous thrombolysis can improve clinical efficacy,restore neurological function,enhance cerebrovascular reserve capacity,improve hemorheology,and reduce inflammatory factors in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-302d-3p on the proliferation,apoptosis and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cell(HUVEC)in high glucose environment and its possible mechanism.Methods HUVEC were randomly divided into control group,high glucose group,miR-302d-3p mimics NC group,miR-302d-3p mimics group,miR-302d-3p inhibitor NC group and miR-302d-3p inhibitor NC group.Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)was used to detect cell proliferation,flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate,cell scratch and Transwell were used to detect cell migration,real-time fluorescent quantitative poly-merase chain reaction(PCR)was used to detect the mRNA expression of miR-302d-3p and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),Western blot was used to detect the phosphorylation level of ERK,and dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect the binding of miR-302d-3p to EGFR.Results Compared with the control group,the proliferation activity,wound healing ability and the number of invasive cells in the high glucose group were significantly decreased,the apoptosis rate was significantly increased,the expression level of miR-302d-3p was significantly increased,and the expression levels of EGFR and p-ERK were significantly decreased in the high glucose group.Compared with high glucose group,miR-302d-3p mimics group had lower proliferation activity,wound healing ability,invasive cell number,p-ERK expression level,higher apoptosis rate,higher miR-302d-3p expression level,lower EGFR expression level,while miR-302d-3p inhibitor group had higher proliferation activity,wound healing ability,invasive cell number,p-ERK ex-pression level,lower apoptosis rate,lower miR-302d-3p expression level,and higher EGFR expression level.The fluorescence intensity ratio of miR-302d-3p mimics+egfr-wt group was significantly lower than that of mimicsnc+egfr-wt group,P＜0.05.Conclusion Up regulation of miR-302d-3p expression can inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of HUVEC under high glucose environ-ment and induce apoptosis,while the effect of inhibiting miR-302d-3p expression is opposite.The mechanism may be related to up reg-ulation of miR-302d-3p expression,which can target to reduce the expression of EGFR and down regulate the activity of EGFR/ERK pathway.

Objective To investigate the effects of edaravone-dexborneol combined with intravenous thrombolysis on cerebrovascular reserve capacity and inflammatory factors in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods From January 2023 to June 2024,100 patients diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction in our hospital were divided into research group(n=50)and conventional group(n=50)by random number table method.The conventional group received intravenous thrombolysis,while the research group was treated with edaravone-dexborneol in addition to intravenous thrombolysis.The efficacy was evaluated after 2 weeks of treatment;the neurological function scores(mRS and NIHSS),cerebrovascular reserve indicators[pulsatility index(PI),cerebrovascular reserve(CVR)],hemorheological indicators(platelet aggregation rate,red blood cell aggregation index),levels of inflammatory factors[matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9,monocyte chemoattractant protein(MCP)-1,intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM)-1],and levels of neurological functional factors[neuron specific enolase(NSE),nerve growth factor(NGF),central nervous system specific protein(S100)β]before and after treatment were compared.Results After 2 weeks of treatment,the efficacy of the conventional group was 80.00％,the efficacy of the research group was 94.00％.And the therapeutic effect of research group was significantly higher than the conventional group(x2=4.332,P=0.037).After 4 weeks of treatment,the mRS score,NIHSS score,PI,platelet aggregation rate,red blood cell aggregation index,and serum levels of MCP-1,MMP-9,ICAM-1,NSE and S100β were significantly lower than those before treatment in the two groups,while the CVR and serum NGF levels were significantly higher than those before treatment(all P＜0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the mRS score,NIHSS score,PI,platelet aggregation rate,red blood cell aggregation index,and serum levels of MCP-1,MMP-9,ICAM-1,NSE and S100β were significantly lower in the research group than those in the conventional group(all P＜0.05),while the CVR and serum NGF level were significantly higher in the research group than those in the conventional group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The combination of edaravone-dexborneol with intravenous thrombolysis can improve clinical efficacy,restore neurological function,enhance cerebrovascular reserve capacity,improve hemorheology,and reduce inflammatory factors in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Objective:To examine the prevalence of malnutrition and evaluate the impact of nutritional support on clinical outcomes in elderly patients diagnosed with gastric and colorectal cancer.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted, analyzing elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors who underwent surgical treatment in the general surgery department from January 2019 to June 2020.The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition(GLIM)criteria were utilized to diagnose malnutrition, and the effects of malnutrition and nutritional support on clinical prognosis were investigated.Results:A total of 426 elderly hospitalized patients with gastric and colorectal tumors who underwent surgical treatment were included in this study.This cohort comprised 199 cases of gastric cancer and 227 cases of colorectal cancer, with ages ranging from 65 to 91 years(mean age: 72.05±5.99).According to the GLIM criteria, 43.7%(186/426)of the patients were diagnosed with malnutrition, of which 25.6%(109/426)were moderately malnourished and 18.1%(77/426)were severely malnourished.Among the gastric cancer patients, 73.4%(146/199)were identified as having nutritional risk, with 48.7%(97/199)being malnourished and 22.6%(45/199)experiencing severe malnutrition.In the colorectal cancer group, 63.9%(145/227)were at nutritional risk, 39.2%(89/227)were malnourished, and 14.1%(32/227)had severe malnutrition.Additionally, 60.3%(257/426)of the patients received nutritional support therapy: 25.4%(108/426)received parenteral nutrition(PN), 11.3%(48/426)received enteral nutrition(EN), 23.7%(101/426)received a combination of EN and PN, while 39.7%(169/426)did not receive any nutritional support.Regardless of the presence or degree of malnutrition, patients who received nutritional support had significantly shorter total hospital stays compared to those who did not receive nutritional support, and this difference was statistically significant( t=5.58, 3.69, 2.21, 3.03, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Providing nutritional support to malnourished patients can reduce the length of hospital stay and improve clinical outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the association between the metabolic score for visceral fat(METS-VF)and sarcopenia in older adults in China.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted.A total of 1 262 participants aged ≥60 years old who did not diagnose with sarcopenia in 2011 and had complete follow-up data in 2015 were selected from the China health and retirement longitudinal survey(CHARLS). Participants were divided into the low METS-VF group (n=621)and the high METS-VF group (n=641), and then the corrleation between METS-VF and sarcopenia was analyzed.Results:The inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW)was used to balance all covariates between the low METS-VF group and high METS-VF group.The results showed that 30 participants in the low METS-VF group and 47 participants in the high METS-VF group were diagnosed with sarcopenia, with prevalence rates of 4.83%(30/621)and 7.33%(47/641), respectively.The difference in the prevalence of sarcopenia between the two groups was statistically significant after IPTW ( χ2=3.934, P=0.048, SMD=0.150). Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for various confounders, high METS-VF was significantly associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia in older adults( OR=2.130, 95% CI: 1.294~3.572, P=0.003). Subgroup analyses further indicated that individuals without cardiovascular disease had a relatively higher risk of sarcopenia( P for interaction=0.032). Conclusions:METS-VF is associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia in older adults in China, and its predictive and diagnostic value warrants further investigation.

Objective:To explore the application effect of a multidisciplinary full-process chain nursing program based on the online-to-offline (OTO) model for patients with Parkinson′s disease and providing theoretical basis for medical staff to guide patients' rehabilitation.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted, and 80 patients with Parkinson′s disease who visited the Neurology Department of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University (Qingdao) from January to December 2023 were selected using convenience sampling. Patients were divided into an intervention group and a control group using random number table method, with 40 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing interventions, while the intervention group received a multidisciplinary full-process chain nursing program based on the OTO model in addition to routine care. The quality of life, rehabilitation training outcomes, psychological status, and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared.Results:In the intervention group, there were 23 males and 17 females, with an age of (65.46 ± 3.04) years; in the control group, there were 24 males and 16 females, with an age of (65.02 ± 3.42) years. After intervention, the scores for quality of life, rehabilitation training outcomes, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale in the intervention group were (163.57 ± 18.56), (44.18 ± 4.57), (6.27 ± 1.05) and (6.18 ± 1.05) respectively, while those in the control group were (139.42 ± 14.26), (37.54 ± 4.80), (11.53 ± 2.24) and (10.48 ± 2.22) respectively. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups ( t values were from 6.34 to 13.45, all P<0.05). Patient satisfaction was 97.50% (39/40) in the intervention group and 77.50% (31/40) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=7.31, P<0.05). Conclusions:Implementing a multidisciplinary full-process chain nursing program based on the OTO model for patients with Parkinson′s disease yields significant rehabilitation effects, improves negative emotions and quality of life, and is worthy of promotion in clinical practice.