Abstract The prevention and control of myopia in Chinese children and adolescents has become a major public health issue. While maintaining increased outdoor activity as a cornerstone intervention, there is an urgent need to explore new complementary approaches that can be effectively implemented in both indoor and outdoor settings. In recent years, environmental spatial frequency has gained increasing attention as one of the key environmental factors influencing the development and progression of myopia. Both animal studies and human research have confirmed that indoor environments lacking mid to high spatial frequency components, often characterized as "visually impoverished", can promote axial elongation and myopia through mechanisms such as disruption of retinal neural signaling, impaired accommodative function, and altered expression of related molecules. Based on the scientific consensus, it is recommended that "enriching of environmental spatial frequency" should be integrated into the myopia prevention and control framework. Following the principles of schoolled organization, family cooperation, community involvement, and student participation, specific measures are put forward in three areas：optimizing school visual settings, improving home spatial environments, and promoting healthy visual behavior. The aim is to create "visually friendly" indoor environments as an important supplement to outdoor activity, thereby providing a novel perspective and strategy for comprehensively advancing myopia prevention and control among children and adolescents.

AIM: To compare the efficacy of different intraocular lens(IOL)fixation in aphakic patients lacking capsule support.METHODS:Retrospective study. Totally 120 cases(120 eyes)of aphakia patients who lacked capsule support admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to June 2024 were selected as the study subjects and randomly assigned into group A and group B, with 60 cases in each group. Group A underwent subcapsular IOL deep scleral fixation, while group B underwent IOL suture suspension fixation in the ciliary groove. The surgery time, uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), intraocular pressure(IOP), corneal endothelial cell density(CECD), corneal endothelial cell loss rate, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups before and at 1, 3, 6 mo after surgery.RESULTS:The operation time of the group A was lower than that of the group B(24.69±2.69 vs. 32.75±3.75 min, t=11.937, P<0.05). The UCVA and BCVA in both groups were better than those before operation, and the group A was better than the group B(all P<0.05). The loss rates of corneal endothelial cells in the group A were lower than those in the group B at 1, 3 and 6 mo after surgery, the IOP in the group A was lower than that in the group B at 1 mo after surgery, and the CECD in the group A was higher than the group B(all P<0.05). The 3 eyes(5.0%)of the postoperative IOL ectopic in the group A were less than 11 eyes in the group B(18.3%, P=0.023).CONCLUSION:Subcapsular IOL deep scleral fixation has prominent curative effects on aphakic patients who lack capsule support. It helps improve vision, with less operation time, and fewer postoperative complications.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided(EUS-guided)enterocolon anastomosis in treating patients with malignant bowel obstruction(MBO).Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with MBO,who underwent EUS-guided enterocolon anastomosis at the Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of China from April 2023 to December 2023,were collected.The perioperative clinical efficacy and safety were retrospectively analyzed.Results Successful EUS-guided enterocolon anastomosis was accomplished in all the 12 patients,with a technical success rate of 100％(12/12).The clinical success rate was 83.3％(11/12),one patient developed obstruction of the stent.The clinical symptoms were relieved in 2-68 hours after treatment,and the time to resume defecation and exhaust was(18.02±15.75)hours.Within one week after the operation,4 patients took liquid diet and 8 patients took semi-fluid diet.Each dimension score of the Quality of Life Core-30 scale of The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC QLQ-C30)was remarkably improved,the patient's overall health score was increased from preoperative median 5 points to postoperative 8 points(P＜0.001).During the operation,stent displacement occurred in 2 patients,and the operation was successfully completed after promptly taking remedial measures.After operation,11 patients developed fever(37.5-39.4 ℃),and all the patients were discharged smoothly after symptomatic treatment.No complication such as bleeding,perforation,or stent displacement occurred.Conclusion EUS-guided enterocolon anastomosis is clinically safe and effective,it can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients with MBO.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a cerebrovascular disease characterized by high morbidity, disability, and mortality, posing a significant threat to human health. Endovascular treatment has now been established as a key method for AIS management, in which stent retrievers that can mechanically remove blood clots play a key role in this technique. In recent years, stent retrievers have evolved in complexity and functionality to improve the ability of clot removing and surgical safety. However, the present instruments still have limitations on treatment efficiency, vascular adaptability, and operational precision, posing an urgent need for innovation in the design of stent retrievers. This paper systematically reviewed the structural features and working principles of AIS stent retrievers from the perspective of efficacy evaluation metrics, historical development, recent advancements in stent retrieval technology, and future prospects.
Humans ; Ischemic Stroke/surgery* ; Stents ; Endovascular Procedures/methods* ; Thrombectomy/methods* ; Device Removal/methods*

Objective:To evaluate the value of spectral CT quantitative parameters in predicting microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:A total of 100 HCC patients who underwent surgical resection and were pathologically diagnosed in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University from January 2020 to January 2023 were retrospectively enrolled. According to pathological grading, the patients were divided into the microvascular invasion group (invasion group, n=60) and the non-vascular invasion group (non-invasion group, n=40). Serological indicators and spectral CT quantitative parameters were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of spectral CT quantitative parameters in predicting MVI of HCC. Results:The serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level in the invasion group was higher than that in the non-invasion group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA-199) levels between the two groups (all P>0.05). In the invasion group, arterial phase iodine concentration, arterial phase normalized iodine concentration, venous phase iodine uptake reduction rate, arterial phase effective atomic number, and energy spectrum curve slope were all higher than those in the non-invasion group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05); there were no statistically significant differences in venous phase iodine concentration, venous phase normalized iodine concentration, and venous phase effective atomic number between the two groups (all P>0.05). The rates of peritumoral enhancement in the arterial phase and irregular tumor margin in the invasion group were higher than those in the non-invasion group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05); there was no statistically significant difference in tumor capsule between the two groups ( P>0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve (AUC) of arterial phase iodine concentration, arterial phase normalized iodine concentration, venous phase iodine uptake reduction rate, arterial phase effective atomic number, and energy spectrum curve slope for predicting MVI in HCC were 0.812, 0.885, 0.726, 0.823, and 0.788, respectively. Conclusions:Spectral CT quantitative parameters are helpful to improve the preoperative diagnostic efficiency of MVI in HCC and can effectively predict MVI in HCC. Especially, arterial phase normalized iodine concentration has high application value in judging whether there is MVI in HCC.

Objective This study focused on the preparation of air plasma-activated water and its application in the field of disinfection.By developing single-layer and double-layer dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)devices,we aimed to prepare plasma-activated liquid with high-efficiency disinfection ability.Methods We constructed single-layer and double-layer DBD devices using air as the working gas to generate activated water.The plasma temperature variation,discharge process and emission spectrum were captured and analyzed by a thermal imager,a time-resolved enhanced camera and a high-resolution spectrometer to evaluate the efficient energy conversion and particle excitation capabilities of the device.In addition,disinfection experiments were conducted on typical microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to verify the disinfection effect of the activation solution.Results We adjusted the plasma treatment time for accurate disinfection of typical microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis,Escherichia coli,and Staphylococcus aureus.Compared with a single-layer DBD device,the double-layer DBD device could produce higher concentrations of reactive species,significantly improving the disinfection effect of the activated liquid.Conclusion By using the air plasma activated water technology,an activated solution with highly efficient disinfection capability was successfully prepared.This study not only improves the disinfection efficiency,but also has potential environmental friendliness and economy,which provides a scientific basis and technical support for the application of plasma technology in the field of disinfection.

Objective:To introduce a new technique of precise exposure and preservation of membranous semicircular canal under endoscope, and to evaluate the protective effect of this method on hearing preservation of semicircular canal occlusion.Methods:The study included three patients with unilateral refractory Meniere′s disease, including 1 male and 2 females, with hearing stage 4 in 2 cases and stage 3 in 1 case, the average hearing thresholds were 72.5, 82.5 and 48.8 dBHL, respectively. All of them were treated with triple semicircular canal occlusion under continuous irrigating mode of endoscopic ear surgery (CIM-EES) in RenMin Hospital of WuHan University. The surgical procedure involved the following key steps: the bony walls of the three semicircular canals near the ampullae were gradually thinned to expose the blue line. The endoscope was positioned as close as possible to the operating area to obtain a clear, magnified view. A micro hook needle was used to create a window on the bony semicircular canals. The hook needle progressively removed the bony material while preserving the membranous canals, which were clearly visible during the procedure. The bone dust was removed out of the surgical area by the continuous exchanged insuline without the help of suction that can avoid the damage of the membranous semicircular canals caused by aspiration and the open bony canals were precisely filled with bone wax and covered with bone powder to ensure complete occlusion of the three semicircular canals. Postoperative follow-up included regular assessments of vertigo control and hearing preservation.Results:All the 3 patients obtained complete hearing preservation at 6 months after surgery, and the hearing preservation rate was 100%. The average hearing thresholds at 6 months postoperatively were 66.3, 81.3, and 50.0 dBHL, respectively. Postoperatively, all patients experienced horizontal spontaneous nystagmus toward the healthy side on the day of surgery and the first day after surgery. One patient reported complete disappearance of tinnitus, while the other two patients showed no change in tinnitus severity. Postoperative MRI revealed complete occlusion of the three semicircular canals with normal vestibular imaging. At 6 months postoperatively, none of the patients experienced any vertigo attacks, suggesting effective control of vertigo symptoms.Conclusions:Precise Semicircular canal occlusion under CIM-EES is a promising technique for the treatment of intractable vertigo in patients with refractory Meniere′s disease. This method provides clear visualization of the membranous canals, reducing the risk of inner ear damage and preserving hearing function of the patients.

As a member of the Chinese Medical Association (CMA) journal series, Cancer Research and Clinic has consistently adhered to editorial standards established by CMA, striving to enhance academic quality and continuously improve its academic level and influence. It has now become one of the important academic publications in the field of oncology in China. The journal primarily reflects research achievements and academic trends in oncology, serving as an academic exchange platform for clinicians and researchers in the feild of oncology. On the 110th anniversary of the founding of CMA, the journal will be true to the original aspiration, keep the mission firmly in mind, and continue to make due contributions to the development of the prevention and treatment of malignancies in China. This article reviews the journal's developmental history, highlights its accomplishments, and outlines its vision for future growth in the new era.