Objective:This study aims to investigate the influence of microvessel density（MVD） and microlymphatic vessel density（MLVD） on the prognosis of patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma（HPSCC） and to develop a nomogram prediction model for prognosis based on pathological characteristics. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinicopathological and follow-up data from HPSCC patients who underwent surgical treatment at our institution between June 2010 and June 2020. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on tumor tissues and adjacent normal margin tissues to evaluate MVD and MLVD. The associations among MVD, MLVD, and clinicopathological features were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors affecting overall survival（OS）. Based on these findings, a nomogram model was constructed and its predictive accuracy was assessed using C-index, receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve, and calibration curve. Results:Both MVD and MLVD were significantly higher in HPSCC tumor tissues compared to normal tissues. Patients in the high MVD and high MLVD groups exhibited significantly lower OS rates than those in the low MVD and low MLVD groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that N stage, recurrence, nerve invasion, lymph node capsule invasion, MVD, and MLVD were independent prognostic factors of OS. Based on these factors, a nomogram prognosis model was successfully constructed. The nomograms demonstrated superior performance in terms of C-index, area under the ROC curve, and calibration, outperforming the AJCC TNM staging system. Conclusion:Elevated MVD and MLVD levels are associated with poorer prognosis in HPSCC patients. The nomogram model based on pathological features provides valuable insights for clinical assessment and decision-making.
Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/blood supply* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Microvascular Density ; Nomograms ; Lymphatic Vessels/pathology* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/blood supply* ; Microvessels/pathology* ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Survival Rate

Objective:To screen the key genes related to the prognosis,diagnosis,and immune infiltration of the hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients by bioinformatics analysis methods,and to analyze their potential therapeutic drugs.Methods:The HCC gene expression profile data and corresponding clinical informations of the HCC patients were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database and The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database.The R software package limma was used to screen the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in HCC.Gene Ontology(GO)functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the DEGs.The STRING database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network;the Cytoscape software was used to visualize the PPI network and screen the key genes;Kaplan-Meier survival curve and LASSO regression algorithm were used to identify the key genes related to the HCC prognosis;external data sets were used to validate their expressions and analyze the diagnostic efficacy;CIBERSORT algorithm was used to detect the relationship between the expression of prognosis-related key genes and HCC immune cell infiltration.The MiRNet and Network Analyst databases were used to construct the microRNA(miRNA)-key gene mRNA and transcription factors(TFs)-key gene mRNA molecular regulatory networks;CMap database was used to screen the potential small molecule drugs for HCC treatment.Results:A total of 146 DEGs were screened,including 30 upregulated genes and 116 downregulated genes.The GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis results showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in biological processes(BP)such as steroid,alkene compound,and hormone metabolism,as well as signaling pathways such as retinol metabolism,drug metabolism-cytochrome P450(CYP450),complement and coagulation cascades.The PPI network analysis identified 14 key genes,among which formimidoyltransferase cyclodeaminase(FTCD),secreted phosphoprotein 2(SPP2),thrombin-antithrombin complex(TAT),complement C6(C6),and cytochrome CYP450 family member 2C9(CYP2C9)were significantly associated with the prognosis,clinical pathological stage,and histological grade of the HCC patients and also had high diagnostic efficacy for HCC and were closely related to immune cell infiltration in HCC.Hsa-mir-182-5p,CUT-like homeobox 1(CUX1),early growth response 1(EGR1),SMAD family member 4(SMAD4),and tumor protein P53(TP53)were identified as the important regulators targeting the above-mentioned prognosis-related key genes.DL-thiorphan,promethazine,and apigenin may have the therapeutic effects on HCC.Conclusion:FTCD,SPP2,TAT,C6,and CYP2C9 may be the potential targets for the diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment of HCC.Three predicted small molecule drugs,DL-thiorphan,promethazine,and apigenin,may provide the references for the development of therapeutic drugs for HCC.

To determine there characteristic components content of Tibetan Medicine Triphala through establishing a HPLC method and its total tannin content through spectrophotometry. The chromatographic column of Agilent ZORBAX SB-Aq (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with methanol-0.1％ formic acid/water as the mobile phase, the flow rate 1 mL/min, and the detection wavelength 270 nm was applied to determine the Gallic acid, colijing and ellagic acid content in medicinal materials and the tannin parts of Tibetan Medicine Triphala. With the gallic acid as control group, total tannin content of Triphala and its tannin parts was determined through spectrophotometry. It revealed in the HPLC test that the linear range of gallic acid, coracine and ellagic acid was 0.91-4.55 μg, 0.274-1.368 μg and 0.329-2.634 μg respectively. It also showed that the average recovery rates of the three components in the medicinal materials were 101.06％, 101.72％and 100.27％ respectively. And the average recovery rates of the three components in the tannins were 100.4％, 100.85％and 101.70％ respectively. The result of spectrophotometry showed that gallic acid was linear in1.008-10.08 μg·mL-1, and that the recovery rate of medicinal materials and tannin parts were 100.25％ and 100.52％ respectively. The method is rapid, accurate and repeatable, and it can provide basis for the quality control of Tribescens and its tannins.

This paper aimed at investigating the water-soluble constituents of Terminalia billirica (Gaert.) Roxb.Compounds were isolated and purified by Diaion HP-20, Sephadex LH-20, Toyopearl HW-40, MCI gel CHP 20 P and ODS column chromatographies. The chemical structures were elucidated according to spectral data and physicochemical properties. The results showed that ten compounds were isolated and identified as corilagin, salicoside, methyl-α-Darabinofuranoside, 1, 4-dimethyl-β-d-fructopyranose, β-fructopyranose, β-fructofuranose gallic acid, ellagic acid, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranonside, Chebulagic acid. Except compound 7 and 8, others compounds are separated from Terminalia billirica (Gaert.) Roxb for the first time, and except corilgin, the other compounds are separated from Terminalia for the first time.

OBJECTIVE To systematically review the efficacy and safety of induction chemotherapy before concurrent chemoradiotherapy.METHODS We comprehensively searched the CBM,Pubmed,Embase,and the Cochrane databases to identify published studies.Quality assessment of RCTs was conducted according to the methods of Cochrane collaboration.A meta-analysis was performed by using the Revman 5.3 software and Stata12.0software.Primary outcomes included overall survival (OS),progression-free survival (PFS) and overall response rate (ORR).Serious adverse events include neutropenia,anemia,skin reactions,vomiting,etc.RESULTS A Total 6 randomized controlled trials involving 1141 patients were included.There was no significant difference in 1-year survival rate,2-year survival rate,3-year survival rate,5-year survival rate between the two groups(P＞0.05).The 1-year PFS,2-year PFS,3-year PFS,5-year PFS,ORR also showed no difference between the 2 cohorts(P＞0.05).However,the incidence of grade 3 to 4 febrile neutropenia and oral mucositis was higher in the group of induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (OR=6.99,95％CI:2.43～20.12;OR=1.92,95％CI:1.43～2.58).CONCLUSION Additional induction chemotherapy before concurrent chemoradiotherapy does not improve OS and PFS in locally advanced HNSCC compared to concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone,and can cause a higher incidence of adverse events.

This paper was aimed to establish the HPLC fingerprint of T.Billerica (Gaertn.) Roxb.tannin fraction.The analysis was performed on Atlantic T3 (250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm) C18 column.The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.2％ glacial acetic acid aqueous solution with gradient elution.The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1.The injection size was 20 μL.The temperature was maintained at 30℃.Eleven batches of T.Billerica (Gaertn.) Roxb.tannin fraction of chromatographic data was analyzed by similarity of chromatographic data,SPSS software and SIMCA software.There were 20 common peaks in the diagram.The similarity analysis of 11 samples revealed that the similarities were between 0.832 and 0.973.Only the similarity of tannin parts from Xinjiang was below 0.9.The cluster analysis classified the tannin parts into 3 types,which shared the similar results as the principal components analysis (PCA).PLS-DA found that peak 1,13 and 14 may be the main chromatographic peaks to identify tannins fraction.The HPLC-MSn information of 14 compounds in T.billerica (Gaertn.) Roxb.was summarized.It was concluded that chemometrics analysis method can be used to analyze the HPLC fingerprint of T.billerica (Gaertn.) Roxb.tannin fraction.This method was rapid,simple,and reproducible.It can be used as one of the effective methods for the quality control of T.billerica (Gaertn.) Roxb.tannin fraction.

This article was aimed to study the stability of tannin parts in Phyllanthus emblica L.in artificial gastric and intestinal juice,in order to provide a foundation for in vivo studies of Phyllanthus emblica L.HPLC-UV was used to determine the contents of main ingredients.The results showed that stability of main ingredients of tannin parts in Phyllanthus emblica L.,including gallic acid (GA),corilagin and ellagic acid (EA),in the artificial gastric juice.The content change was not obvious.The residual content was within 100％.The half-life was above 90 h.They were unstable in the artificial intestinal juice.The content was first increased and then decreased.The residual content was 100-300％.The half-life was above 10 h.It was concluded that the tannin parts in Phyllanthus emblica L.was stable in artificial gastric juice.And content changes of main components were not obvious.The tannin parts in Phyllanthus emblica L.were unstable in artificial intestinal juice.The main ingredients were first increased and then decreased.It was speculated that macromolecule can hydrolyze tannin part into small molecules.Hnwever,as time increases,all components may be decomposed.

This study was aimed to optimize the extraction method for total polyphenol from Phyllanthus emblica through multi-target orthogonal experiment,in order to provide data reference for its industrial production.The comprehensive evaluation indexes included the extraction yield,extraction percentage of total polyphenol,chebulagic acid,gallic acid,mucic acid-2-O-gallate,were verified.The ethanol concentration,solid-liquid ratio and extraction time were crucial indexes for orthogonal design.The results showed that the best extraction process was using 10 times dosage 70％ ethanol,to extract the medical material three time,90 minutes for every time.It was concluded that the extraction technology was reliable.This method was stable,quick and simple.It laid a fundamental foundation for the extraction method exploration.

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint technology is an important means of quality control of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparations,which can reflect the whole process of raw materials as well as the whole process and quality of finished products.It has become the primary quality control method of modern TCM preparations.In this paper,recent advances in HPLC fingerprints and their combination techniques in the quality control of TCM preparations were reviewed,which provided the basis for quality control of TCM preparations.

PK-PD binding model is a powerful tool to study the relationship between drug time-concentration,concentration-effect and time-effect,which is of great significance and widely used in guiding clinical medicine.The PK-PD binding model is applied to the study of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),which is helpful to elucidate the basis of drug substance and its mechanism.It is of great significance to the development of TCM and its preparation.In this paper,recent applications of PK-PD binding model in the composition and effective part of TCM,single herbal medicine and TCM compound were made,which could provide references for future PK-PD study of chemical constituent.