Objective To investigate the radon activity concentrations in subways of Nanning City and assess the average annual effective doses for subway staff and passengers due to radon exposure. Methods Sixty-three stations across the subway lines 2, 3, and 5 were selected as study sites. Radon activity concentrations were measured using the scintillation counting method with scintillation vials. Results The radon activity concentrations in subway lines 2, 3, and 5 were 7.9-24.4, 12.0-26.2, and 12.6-18.2 Bq/m³, respectively. The average radon activity concentrations for these three lines were (17.4 ± 4.6), (19.1 ± 4.1), and (14.6 ± 1.7) Bq/m³, respectively. Statistical analysis using SPSS 26.0 software revealed a significant difference in radon activity concentrations among these stations (P<0.01). Considering the data in previous research, the average radon activity concentration across all stations in the subway lines of Nanning City was determined to be 17.4 Bq/m³. The estimated average annual effective dose due to radon exposure was 0.131 mSv for subway staff and 0.033 mSv for passengers. Conclusion The radon activity concentrations in the subway lines of Nanning City were significantly lower than the national standard limit (400 Bq/m³). The annual effective doses from radon exposure for both subway staff and passengers were below the limits specified in the Basic Standards for Protection Against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources (GB18871—2002). The health impact of radon and its progeny on subway staff and passengers in the subway lines of Nanning City was extremely low and can be considered negligible.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the skin surface temperature at the related back-shu points in the patients with the different levels of pulmonary ventilation function in chronic persistent asthma, and to explore the correlation between the skin temperature at the back-shu points and pulmonary ventilation function indexes based on "lung governing the skin and hair". METHODS: Sixty-one patients with chronic persistent asthma, based on the level of pulmonary ventilation function, were assigned into a reduced pulmonary ventilation function group (reduced function group, 32 cases) and a normal pulmonary ventilation function group (normal function group, 29 cases). In the two groups, the skin surface temperature was measured in the sites of bilateral Feishu (BL13), Geshu (BL17), Pishu (BL20) and Shenshu (BL23); and the pulmonary ventilation function indexes (the percentage of predicted value of forced vital capacity [FVC%pred], the percentage of predicted value of forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEV1%pred], the percentage of predicted value of FEV1/FVC [FEV1/FVC%pred] and the percentage of predicted value of the peak expiratory flow [PEF%pred]) were recorded. The correlation between the skin surface temperature of acupoints and pulmonary ventilation function was analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with the normal function group, the surface skin temperature at the bilateral Feishu (BL13), Geshu (BL17), Pishu (BL20) and Shenshu (BL23) was higher in the reduced function group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the normal function group, FEV1%pred, FEV1/FVC%pred and PEF%pred were decreased in the reduced function group (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in FVC%pred between the two groups (P>0.05). The skin surface temperature at the bilateral Feishu (BL13), Geshu (BL17), Pishu (BL20) and Shenshu (BL23) was negatively correlated with FVC%pred, FEV1%pred, FEV1/FVC%pred and PEF%pred in 61 patients with chronic persistent asthma (P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.05). CONCLUSION The skin surface temperature at back-shu points is elevated in line with the the decline of pulmonary ventilation function in the patients with chronic persistent asthma, presenting a negative correlation with pulmonary ventilation function indexes. It is preliminarily verified that back-shu point is characterized by reflecting the visceral disorders.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Asthma/therapy* ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Skin Temperature ; Lung/physiopathology* ; Acupuncture Points ; Pulmonary Ventilation ; Aged ; Chronic Disease/therapy* ; Young Adult ; Hair

Objective To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating chronic cough and analyze its acupoint selection patterns.Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on acupuncture for chronic cough were retrieved from databases including CNKI,VIP,Wan Fang Data,CBM,PubMed,and Web of Science,Cochrane Library and Embase from their inception to April 2025.Original data from the included studies were extracted.Meta-analysis was performed to compare the acupuncture treatment group with the western medicine control group[using leukotriene receptor antagonists(LTRAs)and/or glucocorticoids]on outcomes including cough symptom scores,serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)levels,pulmonary function indicators[forced vital capacity(FVC)and forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1)],overall clinical effectiveness,and incidence of adverse reactions.Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots,and descriptive analysis of the acupoint prescriptions from the included studies was conducted using Rstudio software to summarize the patterns of acupoint selection for chronic cough.Results A total of 10 studies involving 806 patients were included.Meta-analysis results showed that acupuncture was superior to the western medicine control group in improving cough symptom scores,reducing serum TNF-α levels,enhancing pulmonary function(FVC and FEV1),increasing overall clinical effectiveness,and reducing adverse reactions,with statistically significant differences.Further analysis of the 10 included studies revealed that the most frequently used acupoints were Feishu(BL13)(n=9 times),Zusanli(ST36)(n=7 times),Lieque(LU7)(n=6 times),and Pishu(BL20)(n=5 times).The most frequently utilized meridians were the Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang(BL)(n=10 times),the Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming(ST)(n=7 times),and the Lung Meridian of Hand-Taiyin(LU)(n=7 times).Acupoints were primarily located on the lower back(36.92%),upper limbs(26.15%),and lower limbs(21.53%).Conclusion Acupuncture is effective in treating chronic cough.The acupoint prescriptions for chronic cough should follow the principles of symptomatic point selection and anterior-posterior point pairing,emphasizing the back-shu and front-mu point pairing method,as well as the upper-lower point pairing method.Points are predominantly selected from the Bladder meridian(BL),lung meridian(LU),and stomach meridian(ST).

Objective:To explore the current status and factors influencing physical activity among pre-frail and frail older adults in the community.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 207 pre-frail and frail older adults from Donghuashi community and Fangzhuang community in Beijing from April to June 2024 as study subjects. Older adults were surveyed for their general information, lifestyle behaviors, nutritional status, and physical activity. Binary Logistic regression was used to explore the factors influencing the level of physical activity among pre-frail and frail older adults in the community.Results:A total of 207 questionnaires were distributed and 204 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a valid recovery rate of 98.55%. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly score of the 204 community-based pre-frail and frail older adults was 86.87 (52.14, 125.00), and the form of activity was predominantly walking (98.5%, 201/204) and light domestic physical activity (85.8%, 175/204). Binary Logistic regression showed that taking a nap ( OR=3.614), abnormal nighttime sleep duration ( OR=4.077), fear of falling before or during exercise ( OR=7.895), and risk of malnutrition ( OR=9.263) were risk factors for levels of physical activity in pre-frail and frail older adults in the community ( P<0.05), and good exercise cognition ( OR=0.055) was a protective factor for physical activity levels ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Pre-frail and frail older adults in the community have low levels of physical activity, which is dominated by walking and household activities. Community healthcare workers should strengthen the management of physical activity for pre-frail and frail older adults, cultivate their good living habits, improve their sleep quality, ensure sufficient night sleep, help them overcome the fear of falling before or during exercise, set up the correct concept of exercise, form a good cognition of exercise, and guide their family members to pay attention to the nutritional status of older adults, beware of the risk of malnutrition, and improve the level of physical activity to delay or even reverse the frail state.

Objective To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating chronic cough and analyze its acupoint selection patterns.Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on acupuncture for chronic cough were retrieved from databases including CNKI,VIP,Wan Fang Data,CBM,PubMed,and Web of Science,Cochrane Library and Embase from their inception to April 2025.Original data from the included studies were extracted.Meta-analysis was performed to compare the acupuncture treatment group with the western medicine control group[using leukotriene receptor antagonists(LTRAs)and/or glucocorticoids]on outcomes including cough symptom scores,serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)levels,pulmonary function indicators[forced vital capacity(FVC)and forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1)],overall clinical effectiveness,and incidence of adverse reactions.Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots,and descriptive analysis of the acupoint prescriptions from the included studies was conducted using Rstudio software to summarize the patterns of acupoint selection for chronic cough.Results A total of 10 studies involving 806 patients were included.Meta-analysis results showed that acupuncture was superior to the western medicine control group in improving cough symptom scores,reducing serum TNF-α levels,enhancing pulmonary function(FVC and FEV1),increasing overall clinical effectiveness,and reducing adverse reactions,with statistically significant differences.Further analysis of the 10 included studies revealed that the most frequently used acupoints were Feishu(BL13)(n=9 times),Zusanli(ST36)(n=7 times),Lieque(LU7)(n=6 times),and Pishu(BL20)(n=5 times).The most frequently utilized meridians were the Bladder Meridian of Foot-Taiyang(BL)(n=10 times),the Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming(ST)(n=7 times),and the Lung Meridian of Hand-Taiyin(LU)(n=7 times).Acupoints were primarily located on the lower back(36.92%),upper limbs(26.15%),and lower limbs(21.53%).Conclusion Acupuncture is effective in treating chronic cough.The acupoint prescriptions for chronic cough should follow the principles of symptomatic point selection and anterior-posterior point pairing,emphasizing the back-shu and front-mu point pairing method,as well as the upper-lower point pairing method.Points are predominantly selected from the Bladder meridian(BL),lung meridian(LU),and stomach meridian(ST).

Objective:To explore the current status and factors influencing physical activity among pre-frail and frail older adults in the community.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 207 pre-frail and frail older adults from Donghuashi community and Fangzhuang community in Beijing from April to June 2024 as study subjects. Older adults were surveyed for their general information, lifestyle behaviors, nutritional status, and physical activity. Binary Logistic regression was used to explore the factors influencing the level of physical activity among pre-frail and frail older adults in the community.Results:A total of 207 questionnaires were distributed and 204 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a valid recovery rate of 98.55%. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly score of the 204 community-based pre-frail and frail older adults was 86.87 (52.14, 125.00), and the form of activity was predominantly walking (98.5%, 201/204) and light domestic physical activity (85.8%, 175/204). Binary Logistic regression showed that taking a nap ( OR=3.614), abnormal nighttime sleep duration ( OR=4.077), fear of falling before or during exercise ( OR=7.895), and risk of malnutrition ( OR=9.263) were risk factors for levels of physical activity in pre-frail and frail older adults in the community ( P<0.05), and good exercise cognition ( OR=0.055) was a protective factor for physical activity levels ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Pre-frail and frail older adults in the community have low levels of physical activity, which is dominated by walking and household activities. Community healthcare workers should strengthen the management of physical activity for pre-frail and frail older adults, cultivate their good living habits, improve their sleep quality, ensure sufficient night sleep, help them overcome the fear of falling before or during exercise, set up the correct concept of exercise, form a good cognition of exercise, and guide their family members to pay attention to the nutritional status of older adults, beware of the risk of malnutrition, and improve the level of physical activity to delay or even reverse the frail state.

Objective To explore the clinical value of ultrasound bronchoscopy combined with met-agenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)in the etiological diagnosis of pneumonia with poor absorption and dissipation.Methods The clinical data of the patients with pneumonia with poor absorption and dissipa-tion in this hospital from January 2022 to February 2023 were retrospectively collected.Among them,73 cases received the endobronchial ultrasound guided tranbronchial needle aspiration(EBUS-TBNA)and 36 cases re-ceived endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial lung biopsy using guide sheath(EBUS-GS-TBLB).The distri-bution of causes and incidence of examination related complications were analysed.Results The results of ul-trasound bronchoscopy combined with mNGS examination showed that the benign lesions accounted for 33.03％,mainly chronic inflammation(9.17％)and infectious disease(20.18％),and tuberculosis was the main cause of infectious diseases(7.34％).The malignant lesions accounted for 57.80％,mainly adenocarcinoma(28.44％).The diagnostic positive rate was 90.83％,and no definite diagnosis accounted for 9.17％.There was no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic positive rate between the patients receiving EBUS-TBNA combined with mNGS examination and the patients receiving EBUS-GS-TBLB combined with mNGS examination(94.52％vs.83.33％,P＞0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference in the inci-dence rates of complications such as less bleeding,anoxia,pneumothorax and delayed resuscitation.No serious complications such as mediastinal emphysema,large vessel injury,shock and death were observed in all pa-tients.Conclusion Ultrasound bronchoscopy combined with mNGS has the characteristics of high diagnostic positive rate and few complications in the etiological diagnosis of pneumonia with poor absorption and dissipa-tion.It can help clinical physicians clarify the diagnosis as soon as possible,and may become a new method for diagnosing respiratory system diseases in recent years.

ObjectiveTo screen the differential markers by analyzing volatile components in Dalbergia odorifera and its counterfeits， in order to provide reference for authentication of D. odorifera. MethodThe volatile components in D. odorifera and its counterfeits were detected by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-GC-MS）， and the GC conditions were heated by procedure（the initial temperature of the column was 50 ℃， the retention time was 1 min， and then the temperature was raised to 300 ℃ at 10 ℃ for 10 min）， the carrier gas was helium， and the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min^-1， the split ratio was 10∶1， and the injection volume was 1 mL. The MS conditions used electron bombardment ionization（EI） with the scanning range of m/z 35-550. The compound species were identified by database matching， the relative content of each component was calculated by the peak area normalization method， and principal component analysis（PCA）， orthogonal partial least squares-discrimination analysis（OPLS-DA） and cluster analysis were performed on the detection results by SIMCA 14.1 software， and the differential components of D. odorifera and its counterfeits were screened out according to the variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>2 and P<0.05. ResultA total of 26， 17， 8， 22， 24 and 7 volatile components were identified from D. odorifera， D. bariensis， D. latifolia， D. benthamii， D. pinnata and D. cochinchinensis， respectively. Among them， there were 11 unique volatile components of D. odorifera， 6 unique volatile components of D. bariensis， 3 unique volatile components of D. latifolia， 6 unique volatile components of D. benthamii， 8 unique volatile components of D. pinnata， 4 unique volatile components of D. cochinchinensis. The PCA results showed that， except for D. latifolia and D. cochinchinensis， which could not be clearly distinguished， D. odorifera and other counterfeits could be distributed in a certain area， respectively. The OPLS-DA results showed that D. odorifera and its five counterfeits were clustered into one group each， indicating significant differences in volatile components between D. odorifera and its counterfeits. Finally， a total of 31 differential markers of volatile components between D. odoriferae and its counterfeits were screened. ConclusionHS-GC-MS combined with SIMCA 14.1 software can systematically elucidate the volatile differential components between D. odorifera and its counterfeits， which is suitable for rapid identification of them.

Objective:To conduct a scoping review on gamified exercise interventions for elderly patients with cognitive impairment to provide insights for the application of gamification design in exercise programs for this population.Methods:Guided by the scoping review framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley, a systematic search was conducted in databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, and Wiley Online Library. The search covered the period from the establishment of the databases to June 12, 2024. An integrative analysis was performed on the included literature.Results:A total of 12 studies were included. The most commonly used gamification elements were achievement- and progress-oriented features, while the most frequently applied behavior change theories were behavior change techniques and social cognitive theory.Conclusions:Gamification-based exercise interventions can improve adherence to exercise programs in elderly patients with cognitive impairment, promote physical activity, and enhance cognitive function. Future research should focus on combining various theories with different gamification elements to encourage proactive exercise behavior in elderly individuals with cognitive impairment.

Objective:To design a multi-epitope antigen of norovirus(NoV)based on bioinformatics technology and to pre-pare and characterize it.Methods:Bioinformatics methods were used to construct and analyze the NoV multi-epitope antigen NoV-ZH.Recombinant proteins were prepared and characterized by prokaryotic expression system,and monoclonal antibodies were prepared by animal immunization and hybridoma technology,and initially applied in colloidal gold platform.Results:The designed multi-epitope antigen had a large proportion of random curls in the secondary structure,with theoretical molecular mass and isoelectric point(PI)of 13.1 ku and 7.16,which were stable and hydrophilic.It had good immunogenicity and could activate humoral and cellular immune re-sponses.The proteins prepared by ligating pET-28a(+)and pET-32a vectors with antigenic sequences were expressed as inclusion body proteins and soluble proteins,respectively.A pair of paired antibodies was obtained by animal immunization and hybridoma tech-nique,and applied to colloidal gold test strips with a sensitivity of 0.5 ng/ml,and the test strips could specifically bind two genotypes of NoV recombinant capsid proteins.Conclusion:The successful preparation and characterization of multi-epitope antigen of norovirus provides a reference for the subsequent exploration of NoV universal detection targets and the development of diagnostic raw materials.