Objective: To investigate the incidence of low-level viremia (LLV) among HIV/AIDS patients after antiretroviral therapy, and its influencing factors, so as to provide the evidence for early optimization of antiretroviral therapy strategies. Methods: Data on HIV/AIDS cases receiving antiretroviral therapy at designated medical institutions in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2025 were collected through the Surveillance System of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, including demographic information, treatment information, and viral load. The start of antiretroviral therapy was set as the observation baseline, and the observation endpoint was the first occurrence of LLV, death, or the end of follow-up (May 31, 2025). The incidence of LLV was analyzed. Factors affecting LLV among HIV/AIDS cases were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 5 939 HIV/AIDS cases were included. The predominant age group at confirmation was 25-<50 years, with 3 147 cases (52.99%). There were 4 775 males (80.40%) and 1 164 females (19.60%). As of May 31, 2025, 889 cases of LLV occurred, with an incidence of 14.97%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that HIV/AIDS cases with household registration in Wenzhou City (OR=1.431, 95%CI: 1.165-1.757) and those with a first CD4+T lymphocyte count <350 cells/µL (<200 cells/µL, OR=1.572, 95%CI: 1.141-2.164; 200-<350 cells/µL, OR=1.450, 95%CI: 1.050-2.002) had a higher risk of LLV. Cases who started antiretroviral therapy between 2016 and 2025 (OR=0.027, 95%CI: 0.009-0.080), those with an interval from confirmation to antiretroviral therapy initiation <30 days (≤7 days, OR=0.432, 95%CI: 0.315-0.594; 8-<15 days, OR=0.584, 95%CI: 0.447-0.763; 15-<30 days, OR=0.641, 95%CI: 0.490-0.837), and those with a treatment duration ≥1 year (1 year, OR=0.206, 95%CI: 0.146-0.291; 2 years, OR=0.113, 95%CI: 0.079-0.162; 3 years, OR=0.071, 95%CI: 0.048-0.104; 4 years, OR=0.051, 95%CI: 0.034-0.075; 5 years, OR=0.042, 95%CI: 0.027-0.065; >5 years, OR=0.001, 95%CI: 0.001-0.002) had a lower risk of LLV. Conclusions The incidence of LLV among HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy was 14.97%. The risk of LLV was mainly associated with household registration, first CD4+T lymphocyte count, year of antiretroviral therapy initiation, interval from confirmation to antiretroviral therapy initiation, and treatment duration.

Objective To analyze the effects of dexmedetomidine(Dex) on levels of inflammatory cytokines in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods From April 2015 to April 2017,94 patients with acute exacerbations of COPD who received mechanical ventilation in Wenling Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College were randomly divided into two groups according to the digital table,with 47 cases in each group. Group A was given Dex,and group B was given midazolam. The levels of TNF - α,IL - 1, hs - CRP between the two groups were compared. Results There were no statistically significant differences in TNF - α,IL - 1,hs - CRP between the two group before treatment (all P > 0. 05). One day after treatment,the levels of TNF - α,IL -1,hs - CRP in group A were (92. 99 ± 15. 25)ng/ L,(68. 63 ± 14. 53)ng/ L,(15. 44 ± 4. 92)mg/ L, respectively,which in group B were (150. 63 ± 20. 78)ng/ L,(91. 13 ± 12. 58)ng/ L,(19. 35 ± 5. 17)mg/ L,respec-tively,there were statistically significant differences between the two groups(t = 2. 736,2. 503,2. 421,P = 0. 008, 0. 012,0. 015). Three days after treatment,the levels of TNF - α,IL - 1,hs - CRP in group A were (73. 37 ± 11. 01)ng/ L,(51. 52 ± 9. 16) ng/ L, (14. 82 ± 3. 29) mg/ L, respectively, which in group B were (123. 80 ± 19. 62)ng/ L,(73. 46 ± 17. 36) ng/ L, (18. 77 ± 4. 02 ) mg/ L, respectively, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups(t = 2. 184,2. 354,2. 098,P = 0. 031,0. 022,0. 039). Five days after treatment, the levels of TNF - α,IL - 1,hs - CRP in group A were (63. 54 ± 13. 06)ng/ L,(34. 04 ± 8. 13) ng/ L,(13. 84 ± 4. 13)mg/ L,respectively,which in group B were (76. 63 ±17. 39)ng/ L,(50. 66 ± 9. 17)ng/ L,(14. 27 ± 3. 95)mg/ L, respectively,there were statistically significant differences between the two groups( t = 1. 906,2. 082,1. 834,P =0. 067,0. 041,0. 081). Compared with group B,the ICU time in group A was significantly decreased[(9. 27 ± 1. 63) d vs. (7. 16 ± 1. 21)d,t = 2. 215,P = 0. 031](t = 2. 215,P = 0. 031). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome between the two groups at 5 days after treatment (χ2 =2. 286,P = 0. 132). Conclusion Dex can effectively inhibit inflammation cytokines of the mechanical ventilation COPD patients in acute exacerbation,and can reduce the ICU time.

Objective Arenavirus is a negative single-stranded RNA virus and an important human pathogen,mainly harbored and transmitted by rodents,causing severe diseases,including hemorrhagic fever and encephalitis.Following the discovery of a novel pathogenic arenavirus (Wenzhou virus,WENV),the prevalence of WENV in local small rodents was investigated.Methods By using RT-PCR,WENV was screened in 48 and 156 rodents sampled from Wenzhou and Longquan,respectively.Results Consequently,WENV was detected in 5 (10.41％) rodents sampled from Wenzhou.However,no WENV was identified in all the rodents sampled from Longquan.Genetic analysis of complete genome sequences indicated that 4 of 5 virus strains were closely related to the known Wenzhou viruses with high homology.Especially,the L and S segments of Wencheng-Rn-288 strain shared homology of 87.5％ and 91.6％ with other viruses,respectively.They formed a distinct lineage,suggesting that this strain might be a novel variant of WENV.Conclusions Our results indicate that WENV has a high prevalence and high genetic diversity among rodents in Wenzhou.As the respiratory disease caused by WENV has been detected in Cambodia,it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance for WENV in China.