Abstract To promote the development of sexuality education for Chinese adolescents, the study analyses Ireland s relationships and sexuality education (RSE) curriculum and concludes that it centers on student development in terms of curriculum philosophy and objectives, emphasizing its educational value. At the content level, it employs a staged teaching approach to achieve comprehensive coverage based on students physical and mental development characteristics. In terms of implementation, it adopts a spiral organization to ensure the scientific integrity of the curriculum. In addition, it utilizes diverse evaluation methods to strengthen the systematic nature of the curriculum. Based on these insights, China could collaborate with multiple stakeholders to advance the development of RSE, establish a scientific and systematic framework for RSE, and constructing a comprehensive implementation and teacher support system, thereby promoting the refinement and innovation of RSE programs.

Background::Although some well-established oncogenes are involved in cancer initiation and progression such as prostate cancer (PCa), the long tail of cancer genes remains to be defined. Goosecoid ( GSC) has been implicated in cancer development. However, the comprehensive biological role of GSC in pan-cancer, specifically in PCa, remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of GSC in PCa development. Methods::We performed a systematic bioinformatics exploration of GSC using datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, Gene Expression Omnibus, German Cancer Research Center, and our in-house cohorts. First, we evaluated the expression of GSC and its association with patient prognosis, and identified GSC-relevant genetic alterations in cancers. Further, we focused on the clinical characterization and prognostic analysis of GSC in PCa. To understand the transcriptional regulation of GSC by E2F transcription factor 1 ( E2F1), we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Functional experiments were conducted to validate the effect of GSC on the tumor cellular phenotype and sensitivity to trametinib. Results::GSC expression was elevated in various tumors and significantly correlated with patient prognosis. The alterations of GSC contribute to the progression of various tumors especially in PCa. Patients with PCa and high GSC expression exhibited worse progression-free survival and biochemical recurrence outcomes. Further, GSC upregulation in patients with PCa was mostly accompanied with higher Gleason score, advanced tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Mechanistically, the transcription factor, E2F1, stimulates GSC by binding to its promoter region. Detailed experiments further demonstrated that GSC acted as an oncogene and influenced the response of PCa cells to trametinib treatment. Conclusions::GSC was highly overexpressed and strongly correlated with patient prognosis in PCa. We found that GSC, regulated by E2F1, acted as an oncogene and impeded the therapeutic efficacy of trametinib in PCa.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of modified decoction for dissipating stasis in the epiglottis in the treatment of phlegm-stasis intermingling type chronic tonsillitis and its effects on patients' traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom scores, white blood cell count (WBC), and serum interleukin-3 (IL-3) levels.Methods:A total of 120 patients with phlegm-stasis intermingling type chronic tonsillitis who received treatment at Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to October 2023 were selected for this randomized controlled study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 60 each using a random number table method. The control group received amoxicillin capsules combined with open-throat sword spray, while the observation group was treated with modified decoction for dissipating stasis in the epiglottis. All patients were treated for 14 days. Clinical efficacy was evaluated in each group. TCM symptom and sign scores, serum T-lymphocyte subgroups, WBC, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and IL-3 levels were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results:The total response rate in the observation group was 93.33% (56/60), which was significantly higher than that in the control group [80.00% (48/60), χ2 = 4.62, P < 0.05]. After treatment, the scores for symptoms including dry and astringent pharynx, prolonged soreness, itchy pharynx, cough with white sputum, chest and epigastric congestion, and poor appetite were significantly lower in both groups compared with their baseline scores (all P < 0.001). After treatment, all symptom scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t = 8.08, 18.01, 13.36, 8.75, 8.57, 9.17, all P < 0.001). The WBC, hs-CRP, and IL-3 levels in the observation group were (8.23 ± 1.44) × 10?/L, (5.62 ± 1.27) mg/L, and (81.36 ± 8.87) ng/L, respectively. These values were significantly lower than those in the control group [(10.05 ± 1.91) × 10?/L, (8.23 ± 1.78) mg/L, (97.43 ± 10.22) ng/L, t = 5.89, 0.95, 9.20, all P < 0.001]. After treatment, the ratios of CD 4+/CD 8+, NK lymphocytes, and CD 4+ levels in each group were significantly higher than their pre-treatment values (all P < 0.001). After treatment, these values in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t = 2.30, 6.31, 5.97, 6.60, all P < 0.05). The difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:The treatment of phlegm-stasis intermingling type chronic tonsillitis with a modified decoction for dissipating stasis in the epiglottis can reduce WBC, and hs-CRP and IL-3 levels. It also improves T-lymphocyte subpopulations, alleviates symptoms, and enhances therapeutic efficacy.

Social capital, as a significant social factor influencing human life, plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life of the aged. Different dimensions of social capital have varying mechanisms and effects on the quality of life of the aged. Therefore, this article reviews both cognitive and structural social capital, aiming to provide a basis for improving the quality of life of the aged in China.

Objective:To explore the effects of body mass index (BMI) on the incidence of nocturnal hypertension in patients with hypertension.Methods:Totally 341 hospitalized hypertensive patients treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from February to May 2023 were selected by convenience sampling. Patients' general information, clinical data, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure results were collected. A binomial Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the occurrence of nocturnal hypertension in these patients. The relationship between BMI and the incidence of nocturnal hypertension was examined using threshold effect tests and smooth curve fitting.Results:The binomial Logistic regression analysis indicated that blood phosphate level was a factor influencing the occurrence of nocturnal hypertension in hypertensive patients ( P<0.05). Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect test results showed that the relationship between BMI and the incidence of nocturnal hypertension was curve-correlated, with a turning point at 24.61 kg/m 2. To the left of the turning point, there was no correlation ( P=0.130) ; to the right, there was a correlation ( P=0.016) . Conclusions:When the BMI of hypertensive patients exceeds 24.61 kg/m 2, the likelihood of nocturnal hypertension increases with rising BMI, providing a precise intervention target for weight management-based patient care in hypertension.

Objective:To explore the application effect of nursing intervention based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model in perioperative nursing of children undergoing concealed penis phalloplasty.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 86 children who were admitted to and underwent concealed penis phalloplasty in Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital were selected as the research objects from January 2022 to January 2023. They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, with 43 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine nursing mode, and the observation group was treated with IMB model nursing intervention based on routine nursing. The heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) levels of children in the two groups were recorded at five time points, such as after preoperative visit (T 0), when leaving the preparation room period (T 1), before anesthesia induction (T 2), when leaving the anesthesia recovery room (T 3) and 24 h postoperative follow-up (T 4). The children were evaluated using Children's Emotional Adjustment Scale Preschool Version (CEAS-P), Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS), the Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC) and Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) . Results:After intervention, the CEAS-P scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, while the m-YPAS, ICC and PAED scores were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in HR and MAP levels of children undergoing concealed penis phalloplasty between the two groups at different time points ( P<0.01). HR and MAP levels at T 0, T 1, T 2, T 3 and T 4 in observation group were lower than those in control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). There was statistically significant differences in the interaction between nursing intervention and HR and MAP over time ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:Nursing intervention based on the IMB model can effectively relieve the psychological anxiety of children with concealed penis phalloplasty in perioperative period and improve surgical safety.

The aim of this study is to investigate the immune effect of H9 subtype avian influenza virus(AIV)NP protein on mice and lay the foundation for the development of avian influenza vi-rus(AIV)vaccine.The H9N2 virus NP gene amplification product was cloned into the pET-32a expression vector,and the protein expression was verified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot,and the immune effect was evaluated by measuring the secretion of supernatant multicytokines in mouse splenocytes culture.The results showed that the total length of the coding region sequence of NP gene was 1 497 bp,NP recombinant proteins exist in both soluble and insoluble protein forms,and the specific bands were visible in Western blot.After immunizing mice,serum produces IgG-bind-ing antibodies with antibody titers of 1∶40 000.Compared with the control group,IL-2,IL-5 and IL-13 were significantly increased(P＜0.001),and the secretion of IL-6 was significantly increased compared with the control group.IL-4 and IL-12 p70 secretions were elevated compared with con-trols,but there was no significant difference.Compared with the control group,the secretions of IL-1β,IL-18,GM-CMF,TNF-α and IFN-γ were inhibited,but the difference was not significant(P＞0.05).The results showed that NP recombinant protein is a good immunogen,laying a foundation for in-depth research on influenza vaccine.

Objective:To explore the effect and correlation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) IDI2-AS1/microRNA-33b-5p (miR-33b-5p)/nuclear receptor-associated protein NR4A2 competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network on acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and to verify whether IDI2-AS1 regulates NR4A2 through miR-33b-5p to affect the occurrence and development of myocardial infarction.Methods:The miRNA and mRNA expression chips related to myocardial infarction were obtained from gene expression omnibus (GEO), and the differential expression was analyzed. The upstream regulatory mechanism of NR4A2 was predicted using TargetScan database. Thirty-two male C57/BL6 mice were divided into Sham group, AMI model group, miR-33b-5p mimic group [miR-33b-5p mimic lentivirus (5×10 7 TU) was injected locally into the heart tissue during ligation] and miR-33b-5p inhibitor group [miR-33b-5p inhibitor lentivirus (5×10 7 TU) was injected locally into the heart tissue during ligation] according to random number table method, with 8 mice per group. Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) were asseessed by echocardiography, left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were calculated. After the last weighing, the anesthetized mice were sacrificed and the heart tissues were taken. Masson staining of the heart tissues was observed under light microscope, myocardial collagen volume fraction (CVF) and infarct size were calculated. Cardiomyocytes of SPF grade SD rats were collected. They were divided into normal control group (control group), ischemia-hypoxia model group, miR-33b-5p mimic transfection group (miR-33b-5p mimic transfection group before ischemia and hypoxia treatment) and miR-33b-5p inhibitor transfection group (miR-33b-5p inhibitor transfection group before ischemia and hypoxia treatment). The activity of caspase-3/7 in cardiomyocytes was measured. The levels of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), creatine kinase (CK), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were detected by colorimetry. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2, cytochrome C (Cyt C) and IDI2-AS1/miR-33b-5p/NR4A2 regulatory axis genes. Results:The myocardial infarction microarray analysis showed that NR4A2 expression was significantly up-regulated in myocardial infarction, with predicted upstream regulatory mechanisms indicating its possible influence through the IDI2-AS1/miR-33b-5p/NR4A2 regulatory axis. Echocardiographic detection showed that compared with AMI model group and miR-33b-5p inhibitor group, LVEF and LVFS in the heart tissue of mice in miR-33b-5p mimic group were significantly increased, while the levels of LVEDD, LVESD, CK, CK-MB and LDH were significantly decreased, with statistical significance. Light microscope showed myocardial fibrosis and myocardial infarction in AMI model group and miR-33b-5p inhibitor group. In the miR-33b-5p mimic group, the degree of myocardial fibrosis was decreased and the myocardial infarction size was significantly reduced. Compared with AMI model group and miR-33b-5p inhibitor group, the levels of MDA, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and the expressions of Bax and Cyt C in the heart tissue of mice in miR-33b-5p mimic group were significantly decreased, while the levels of SOD and Bcl-2 expression were significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant. The expressions of IDI2-AS1 and NR4A2 in the heart tissue of mice in miR-33b-5p mimic group were significantly lower than those in AMI model group and miR-33b-5p inhibitor group [IDI2-AS1 (2 -ΔΔCt): 1.96±0.08 vs. 2.73±0.08, 3.10±0.05, NR4A2 (2 -ΔΔCt): 2.36±0.07 vs. 3.16±0.08, 3.80±0.08, all P < 0.01]. The expression of miR-33b-5p was significantly higher than that of AMI model group and miR-33b-5p inhibitor group (2 -ΔΔCt: 0.88±0.07 vs. 0.57±0.07, 0.23±0.01, both P < 0.01). The cell experiment results showed that the caspase-3/7 activity of rat neonatal cardiomyocytes in the miR-33b-5p mimic transfection group was significantly lower than that in the ischemia-hypoxia model group and the miR-33b-5p inhibitor transfection group, suggesting that miR-33b-5p can significantly reduce the apoptosis level of the ischemia-hypoxia model. The levels of peroxidation and inflammation indexes, important genes of apoptosis pathway and the expression of IDI2-AS1/miR-33b-5p/NR4A2 regulatory axis of rat neonatal cardiomyocytes in all groups were consistent with the above. Conclusion:IDI2-AS1 can regulate NR4A2 through miR-33b-5p, thus affecting the occurrence and development of AMI.

Objective To investigate the effect of agomelatine on the clinical efficacy in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI)and comorbid anxiety-depression disorders by regu-lating serum neurotransmitters and nerve cytokines.Methods A total of 160 elderly ACI patients with anxiety and depression symptoms admitted in Pingxiang Second People's Hospital from June 2020 to December 2023 were enrolled in this study.All of them received thrombolysis or interven-tional therapy,and then were randomly divided into control and observation groups,with 80 patients in each group.The control group received conventional psychological intervention,while the observation group was given additional oral administration of agomelatine.Cognitive function,neurological function,neurotransmitters and neuronal cytokines,anxiety and depression scores,sleep quality,quality of life,daily activity ability and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE)scores,levels of neuropeptide Y(NPY),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),norepinephrine(NE),dopamine and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),36-item Brief Health Questionnaire(SF-36)score,and Bar-thel index scale score were significantly higher in both 2 groups when compared with above indicators before the intervention(P＜0.01).And the MMSE score,NPY,5-HT,NE,dopamine and BDNF levels,SF-36 score and Barthel index scale score were obviously higher in the observa-tion group than the control group(P＜0.01).Both groups obtained notably lower NIHSS score,S100 calcium binding protein B(S100B)and myelin basic protein(MBP)levels,Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAMA)score,and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17(H AMD-17)score and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)score after intervention(P＜0.01).And the NIHSS score,S100B and MBP levels,HAMA score,HAMD-17 score,and PSQI score were statistically lower in the observation group than the control group(P＜0.01).During the treatment process,no signifi-cant difference was observed in the incidence of total adverse reactions between the two groups(3.75％vs 6.25％,x2=0.526,P=0.468).Conclusion When agomelatine tablets are indicated for ACI patients with concomitant anxiety-depression disorders,they can effectively rehabilitate cog-nitive function,enhance neurological function,improve sleep quality and quality of life,optimize activities of daily living,eliminate negative emotions,and correct the expression of neurotransmit-ters and neurotrophic factors.

Human metapneumovirus, first identified in the Netherlands in 2001, is a common respiratory virus belonging to the genus Metapneumovirus of the family Pneumoviridae. It has spread across the world. It can cause repeat infections in infants, young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised people, and lead to acute respiratory infections. There are currently no effective prophylactic vaccines approved for marketing. This article mainly focuses on the virological and epidemiological characteristics of human metapneumovirus, introduces the structure of fusion protein, a potential key immunogen for vaccine development, and the antigenic loci on fusion protein, and summarizes the research progress in subunit vaccines, live attenuated vaccines, and nucleic acid vaccines designed based on fusion protein.