Guishenwan （GSW）， originating from Jingyue Quanshu （Zhang Jingyue's Complete Works）， is a classic traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） formula with a history of over 400 years. Designed for kidney essence deficiency syndrome， it is clinically applied to treat diseases associated with essence-blood deficiency， such as ovarian insufficiency diseases in women， oligospermia-induced infertility in men， and lumbar disc herniation. Numerous studies have confirmed its significant efficacy and advantages in managing ovarian insufficiency diseases， including diminished ovarian reserve （DOR）， premature ovarian insufficiency （POI）， and premature ovarian failure （POF）. According to recent literature， the therapeutic mechanisms of GSW in treating ovarian insufficiency diseases involve regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis （HPOA） function， ameliorating reproductive endocrine disorders， improving ovarian function， modulating relevant signaling pathways， and exerting immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. A review of GSW in clinical treatment revealed that clinical applications of GSW， particularly in combination with Western medicine， not only alleviate symptoms but also compensate for the limitations of hormone replacement therapy， thereby reducing recurrence， minimizing adverse reactions， and enhancing safety. This review aims to provide a scientific basis for the rational clinical use of GSW in ovarian insufficiency diseases， offer innovative TCM strategies for developing novel ovarian-protective drugs， promote the integration of TCM and Western medicine in reproductive medicine， and ultimately contribute a Chinese approach to global management of ovarian insufficiency diseases.

As new evidence emerges, treatment strategies toward the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B are evolving. In 2019, a panel of national hepatologists published a Consensus Statement on the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B. Currently, an international group of hepatologists has been assembled to evaluate research since the publication of the original consensus, and to collaboratively develop the updated statements. The 2.0 Consensus was aimed to update the original consensus with the latest available studies, and provide a comprehensive overview of the current relevant scientific literatures regarding functional cure of hepatitis B, with a particular focus on issues that are not yet fully clarified. These cover the definition of functional cure of hepatitis B, its mechanisms and barriers, the effective strategies and treatment roadmap to achieve this endpoint, in particular new surrogate biomarkers used to measure efficacy or to predict response, and the appropriate approach to pursuing a functional cure in special populations, the development of emerging antivirals and immunomodulators with potential for curing hepatitis B. The statements are primarily intended to offer international guidance for clinicians in their practice to enhance the functional cure rate of chronic hepatitis B.

As new evidence emerges, treatment strategies toward the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B are evolving. In 2019, a panel of national hepatologists published a Consensus Statement on the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B. Currently, an international group of hepatologists has been assembled to evaluate research since the publication of the original consensus, and to collaboratively develop the updated statements. The 2.0 Consensus was aimed to update the original consensus with the latest available studies, and provide a comprehensive overview of the current relevant scientific literatures regarding functional cure of hepatitis B, with a particular focus on issues that are not yet fully clarified. These cover the definition of functional cure of hepatitis B, its mechanisms and barriers, the effective strategies and treatment roadmap to achieve this endpoint, in particular new surrogate biomarkers used to measure efficacy or to predict response, and the appropriate approach to pursuing a functional cure in special populations, the development of emerging antivirals and immunomodulators with potential for curing hepatitis B. The statements are primarily intended to offer international guidance for clinicians in their practice to enhance the functional cure rate of chronic hepatitis B.

As new evidence emerges, treatment strategies toward the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B are evolving. In 2019, a panel of national hepatologists published a Consensus Statement on the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B. Currently, an international group of hepatologists has been assembled to evaluate research since the publication of the original consensus, and to collaboratively develop the updated statements. The 2.0 Consensus was aimed to update the original consensus with the latest available studies, and provide a comprehensive overview of the current relevant scientific literatures regarding functional cure of hepatitis B, with a particular focus on issues that are not yet fully clarified. These cover the definition of functional cure of hepatitis B, its mechanisms and barriers, the effective strategies and treatment roadmap to achieve this endpoint, in particular new surrogate biomarkers used to measure efficacy or to predict response, and the appropriate approach to pursuing a functional cure in special populations, the development of emerging antivirals and immunomodulators with potential for curing hepatitis B. The statements are primarily intended to offer international guidance for clinicians in their practice to enhance the functional cure rate of chronic hepatitis B.

Tricellulin, a key tricellular tight junction (TJ) protein, is essential for maintaining the barrier integrity of acinar epithelia against macromolecular passage in salivary glands. This study aims to explore the role and regulatory mechanism of tricellulin in the development of salivary gland hypofunction in Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Employing a multifaceted approach involving patient biopsies, non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice as a SS model, salivary gland acinar cell-specific tricellulin conditional knockout (Tric^CKO) mice, and IFN-γ-stimulated salivary gland epithelial cells, we investigated the role of tricellulin in SS-related hyposalivation. Our data revealed diminished levels of tricellulin in salivary glands of SS patients. Similarly, NOD mice displayed a reduction in tricellulin expression from the onset of the disease, concomitant with hyposecretion and an increase in salivary albumin content. Consistent with these findings, Tric^CKO mice exhibited both hyposecretion and leakage of macromolecular tracers when compared to control animals. Mechanistically, the JAK/STAT1/miR-145 axis was identified as mediating the IFN-γ-induced downregulation of tricellulin. Treatment with AT1001, a TJ sealer, ameliorated epithelial barrier dysfunction, restored tricellulin expression, and consequently alleviated hyposalivation in NOD mice. Importantly, treatment with miR-145 antagomir to specifically recover the expression of tricellulin in NOD mice significantly alleviated hyposalivation and macromolecular leakage. Collectively, we identified that tricellulin deficiency in salivary glands contributed to hyposalivation in SS. Our findings highlight tricellulin as a potential therapeutic target for hyposecretion, particularly in the context of reinforcing epithelial barrier function through preventing leakage of macromolecules in salivary glands.
Sjogren's Syndrome/complications* ; Animals ; Xerostomia/etiology* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; MARVEL Domain Containing 2 Protein/metabolism* ; Humans ; Mice, Knockout ; Disease Models, Animal ; Interferon-gamma ; Salivary Glands/metabolism* ; Tight Junctions/metabolism* ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Female

OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma （PRP） intrauterine infusion combined with Gushen antai pills in the treatment of recurrent abortion （RSA） and its impacts on endometrial receptivity and hormone levels in patients. METHODS A total of 108 patients with RSA treated in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2024 were selected and evenly divided into control group and study group using the random number table method， with 54 cases in each group. On the basis of conventional treatment， patients in the control group were administered with Gushen antai pills， while patients in the study group received PRP intrauterine infusion combined with Gushen antai pills. The clinical efficacy， TCM syndrome scores before and after treatment， endometrial receptivity [endometrial thickness （EST）， spiral artery resistance index （RI）， and pulsatility index （PI）]， hormone [progesterone （P）， estradiol （E2）， and human chorionic gonadotropin （HCG）] levels， as well as pregnancy outcomes， were compared between the two groups. Additionally， the occurrence of adverse reactions in both groups was recorded. RESULTS The total effective rate （91.44% vs. 81.48%） and infant live birth rate （96.30% vs. 83.33%） of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group （P＜0.05）. Following treatment， various TCM syndrome scores and total score， spiral artery RI and PI levels in both groups were markedly lower than those in the same groups before treatment， with the study group showing significantly lower levels than the control group（P＜0.05）. Conversely， the P， E2， HCG and EST levels in both groups were significantly higher than those in the same groups before treatment， and the study group exhibited notably higher levels than the control group （P＜0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS PRP intrauterine infusion combined with Gushen antai pills has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of RSA. It can improve TCM syndromes， enhance endometrial receptivity， regulate hormone levels and improve pregnancy outcomes， and it is highly safe.

BACKGROUND:The treatment of bone defects has always been a pressing clinical challenge for medical practitioners.The use of gelatin methacryloyl for three-dimensional extracellular cultivation offers a promising direction for the treatment of extensive bone defects. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of gelatin methacryloyl as a three-dimensional cell culture scaffold in bone tissue engineering,aiming to provide further references for clinical bone defect repair. METHODS:Computerized searches were conducted on the CNKI and PubMed databases for articles published from January 1986 to August 2023.The search terms in Chinese and English were"bone defect,bone tissue engineering,biomaterial scaffold,hydrogel,photocrosslinked hydrogel,gelatin methacryloyl,three-dimensional culture,cell culture"and"bone defect,bone tissue engineering,biomaterial scaffold,hydrogel,gelatin methacryloyl,three-dimensional culture,cell culture",respectively.Finally,68 articles were included for review and analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)When compared to two-dimensional culture techniques,three-dimensional culture can construct a three-dimensional space under aseptic conditions,more effectively simulating the in vivo environment.It provides cells with the appropriate temperature,pH,and sufficient nutrients,allowing cells to grow and proliferate normally outside the body while maintaining their regular structure and function,offering unique advantages.(2)In the realm of bone tissue engineering,hydrogels stand out as the preferred choice for biomaterial scaffolds.Their excellent biocompatibility,degradability,and inherent three-dimensional network structure make them invaluable in bone regeneration studies.(3)The physical and biological properties of gelatin methacryloyl are influenced by factors such as concentration,light exposure duration,type of photoinitiator,and the overall reaction system.These properties can affect cell adhesion,growth,and proliferation,and even the morphology and function of cells.(4)Gelatin methacryloyl,recognized for its excellent biocompatibility,tunable physical properties,injectability,and photosensitivity,has been extensively used in three-dimensional cell encapsulation,three-dimensional bioprinting,and stereolithography techniques based on digital light processing in three-dimensional cell culture systems.(5)Utilizing a range of composite gelatin methacryloyl in three-dimensional cell culture can significantly promote vascularization and bone regeneration,paving the way for enhanced clinical solutions to bone defects.(6)At present,there is a noticeable gap in standardized guidelines concerning the sources,synthesis methods,and safety of gelatin methacryloyl.It is crucial to intensify research efforts to optimize gelatin methacryloyl's application in the three-dimensional cell culture field.

ObjectiveTo investigate the short-term knee function recovery of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) after discharge and analyze its related factors. MethodsFrom December, 2022 to April, 2023, 140 adult patients who underwent TKA in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital and being about to be discharged were selected as the survey subjects using convenient sampling. Potential influencing factors were selected based on a literature review. They were investigated with general information questionnaire, Rehabilitation Exercise Compliance Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale for Rehabilitation Exercise (SER), Visual Analog Scale for pain (VAS), and joint range of motion measurements before discharge, and were investigated with the Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score (HSS) one month after discharge. ResultsA total of 130 patients finished follow-up. One month after discharge, the HSS score ranged from 40 to 82, with an average of (70.89±6.26). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that Body Mass Index (B = -0.423, 95%CI -0.622 to -0.224, P < 0.001), pre-discharge VAS (B = -1.016, 95%CI -1.198 to -0.113, P = 0.028), rehabilitation exercise compliance (B = 0.267, 95%CI 0.121 to 0.413, P < 0.001), SER (B = 0.478, 95%CI 0.315 to 0.642, P < 0.001), and knee joint flexion contracture angle (B = -0.251, 95%CI -0.414 to -0.088, P = 0.003) could influence HSS score one month after discharge (R² = 0.615, F =17.106, P < 0.001). ConclusionPatients after TKA have recovered well in short time after discharge, however, there is still significant room for improvement. Clinical healthcare providers should design and implement appropriate interventions based on related factors to improve the function.

Objective To investigate the application efficiency and potential of CT radiomics in differentiating malignant and benign sub-centimeter solid pulmonary nodules. Methods A retrospective study was performed on the sub-centimeter ( ≤ 10 mm) solid pulmonary nodules detected by enhanced CT in our hospital from March 2020 to January 2023. Malignancy was confirmed by surgical pathology, and benignity was confirmed by surgical pathology or follow-up. Lesions were manually segmented and radiomic features were extracted. The feature dimension was reduced via feature correlation analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). The 5-fold cross validation was used to validate the model. Support vector machine, logistic regression, linear classification support vector machine, gradient boosting, and random forest models were established for CT radiomics. Receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn. Delong test was used to compare the diagnostic performance of the five classifiers. The optimal model was selected and compared to radiologists with medium and high seniority. Results A total of 303 nodules, 136 of which were malignant, were examined. Radiomics models were established after feature extraction and selection. On test set, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of support vector machine, logistic regression, linear classification support vector machine, random forest, and gradient boosting models were 0.922 (95%CI: 0.893, 0.950), 0.910 (95%CI: 0.878, 0.942), 0.905 (95%CI: 0.872, 0.938), 0.899 (95%CI: 0.865, 0.933), and 0.896 (95%CI: 0.862, 0.930), respectively. Delong test indicated no significant differences in the performance of the five radiomics models, and the support vector machine model showed the highest accuracy and F1 score. The support vector machine model showed significantly higher diagnostic accuracy as compared to radiologists (83.8% vs. 55.4%, P < 0.001). Conclusion The radiomics models achieved high diagnostic efficiency and may help to reduce the uncertainty in diagnosis of malignant and benign sub-centimeter solid nodules by radiologists.

Objective:To compare the clinical effects of the two design schemes of heart-shaped incision and "Mercedes-Benz incision" (three-leaf method) in umbilicoplasty.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of patients who underwent umbilicoplasty during abdominoplasty admitted to the Body Contouring & Fat Grafting Center, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, from November 2019 to September 2022. During the umbilicalplasty operation, different patients were treated with either a heart-shaped incision or a "Mercedes-Benz incision" three-flap method. The umbilical cord for infection, hematoma and other complications were observed after surgery; a 5-point Likert scale was used to evaluate the aesthetic effect of the new umbilicus 6 months after surgery(3-15 points, the higher the score, the better the aesthetic effect); the Vancouver scar scale (VSS) was used to score the scar condition 6 months after surgery (0-18 points, the higher the score, the better the scar condition). Postoperatively, patients were surveyed on umbilical shape satisfaction, which was divided into three levels: dissatisfied, relatively satisfied, and very satisfied. Normally distributed measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD, and independent samples t-test was used for comparison between two groups. P<0.05 was considered as a statistically significant difference. Results:A total of 35 patients were enrolled, all of whom were female. Among them, 19 cases underwent heart-shaped incision, and 16 cases underwent umbilicoplasty using "Mercedes-Benz incision". The ages of the two groups were (32.3±2.7) years old and (33.7±2.3) years old respectively. At the 6-month follow-up after surgery, the total aesthetic effect score of the umbilical cord in the heart-shaped incision group was higher than that in the "Mercedes-Benz incision" group [(13.3±0.7) points vs. (12.7±0.5) points, P<0.05]. The VSS score of the heart-shaped incision group was lower than that of the "Mercedes-Benz incision" group [(2.6±0.8) points vs. (3.4±0.9) points, P<0.05]. The results of the satisfaction survey after umbilicoplasty showed that in the heart-shaped incision group, 3 cases were relatively satisfied and 16 cases were very satisfied; in the "Mercedes-Benz incision" group, 2 cases were relatively satisfied and 14 cases were very satisfied. Conclusion:Compared with the classic "Mercedes-Benz incision", the heart-shaped incision design can obtain a better-shaped, more natural new umbilicus and a more invisible scar after umbilicoplasty.