Objective: To investigate the correlation between color parameters (L^*, a^*, b^*, Eab^*) and the contents of reducing sugars, total polysaccharides, total oligosaccharides, as well as four saccharides (fructose, glucose, sucrose, and kestose) during the nine cycles of steaming and sun-drying processing of Polygonatum kingianum, and to preliminarily explore the optimal processing duration.
Methods: The color changes were objectively evaluated using a colorimeter. The anthrone-sulfuric acid method was employed to determine total polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. The 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) colorimetric method was used to measure total reducing sugar content. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with charged aerosol detection (HPLC-CAD) was applied for quantitative analysis of fructose, glucose, sucrose, and kestose. Multivariate statistical analysis was conducted to assess samples from different processing stages.
Results: Significant variations in color and component contents were observed across processing stages. The herbal pieces progressively darkened with increased processing cycles: brightness (L^*) and total color difference (Eab^*) initially decreased then stabilized, while a^* (red-green) and b^* (yellow-blue) values first increased then declined. Total polysaccharides and oligosaccharides showed overall decreasing trends, whereas reducing sugars initially increased before stabilizing. Fructose and glucose levels rose continuously, while sucrose and kestose decreased progressively, becoming undetectable after five cycles.
Conclusion: The chromatic alteration and saccharide composition of P. kingianum showed significant correlation with processing duration. Both total color difference (Eab^*) and reducing sugar content stabilized after four processing cycles (12 hours), suggesting that four cycles of steaming and sun-drying may represent the optimal processing duration.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between the color parameters (L^*, a^*, b^*, Eab^* values) of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata powder prepared by different processing techniques and the contents of 2,3,5,4’-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, emodin, physcion, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, physcion-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside.
Methods: The L^*, a^*, b^* and Eab^* values of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata powder prepared by different processing techniques were determined by spectrophotometer, and the contents of the five components were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Secondly, SPSS 26.0 software and Simca 14.1 software were used to analyze the correlation.
Results: Through the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), it was found that the steamed samples and black bean steamed samples could be obviously divided into two categories: raw products and processed products. The processed products could be further divided into 2-8 h and 12-48 h. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the content of stilbene glycoside was significantly positively correlated with L^*, a^* and b^* values (P<0.01). The a^* value was significantly positively correlated with the content of emodin and physcion (P<0.01). Emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside was positively correlated with L^* value and b^* value, while physcion-8-O-β-D-glucoside was negatively correlated with a^* value. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS) showed that 2,3,5,4’-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (VIP=1.69) and emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside (VIP=1.06) were the key variables affecting chromaticity characteristics (P<0.01).
Conclusion: The three processes of steaming, black bean steaming and black bean stewing are consistent in composition transformation and chromaticity variation, and stilbene glycoside can be used as a specific index component to characterize the processed color. Chromatic parameters can effectively reflect the processing progression and serve as quality monitoring indicators during production.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for postoperative recurrence and metastasis in patients with T1 stageⅢ/Ⅳ clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC), and to analyze the influence of surgical methods on prognosis, so as to provide prognostic evaluation and treatment guidance for clinical practice. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 398 patients diagnosed with T1 stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ ccRCC who underwent either partial nephrectomy(PN)or radical nephrectomy(RN)at Jiangsu Province Hospital during Jan. 2008 and Sep. 2022. The patients were divided into recurrence group(n=49)and non-recurrence group(n=349)according to whether the tumor recurred during the follow-up period. The general, clinical data and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to explore the factors influencing disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS)after surgery. Subgroup analysis using Kaplan-Meier curves was performed for T1a and T1b patients. Results During the median follow-up of 67(42, 98)months, the recurrence group was characterized by older age, larger tumor diameter, higher proportion of T1b stage, and more complex tumor anatomy. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that age ≥55 years and R.E.N.A.L. score ≥7 were independent risk factors for poorer DFS and OS(P＜0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that PN or RN did not significantly affect DFS or OS in T1a patients and OS in T1b patients, while RN significantly improved DFS in T1b patients(P＜0.05). Conclusion Age ≥55 years and R.E.N.A.L. score ≥7 are independent risk factors for poor DFS and OS in highgrade T1 ccRCC patients. For T1b patients, RN may improve DFS.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features, imaging features and diagnosis and treatment process of a female pelvic epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma (EIMS) with peritoneal metastasis, so as to improve the clinical understanding and diagnostic ability of the disease and avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.Methods:The clinical data of a female patient with pelvic EIMS combined with peritoneal metastasis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The triad examination of the patient involved an irregular solid mass in the pelvic cavity about 8.0 cm×9.0 cm in size. Laboratory examination revealed human epididymal protein 4(HE4)154.00 pmol/L. The ultrasonography showed multiple low-echo masses in deep pelvic cavity with unclear boundary and uneven internal echo, and color doppler flow imaging (CDFI) showed abundant internal blood flow signals. Enhanced CT showed uneven and obvious enhancement of the lesion. Pathological examination showed the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the mucous interstitial background. The tumor cells were round and epithelioid, with large nuclei, deep staining and obvious nucleolus. Immunohistochemistry showed anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive, and molecular pathology fluorescence in situ hybridization showed ALK gene amplification (positive). Combined with pathological, immunohistochemical and genetic tests, EIMS was diagnosed. Conclusions:EIMS should be considered when there are single or multiple solid or cystic nodules or masses in the pelvic cavity with obvious enhancement, invasive growth and peritoneal implantation metastasis, and the correct diagnosis can be made according to the pathological findings, immunohistochemistry and genetic test results.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of ERCP stent implantation for patients with malignant obstructive jaundice.Methods 130 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice who received ERCP stent implantation in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2024 were retrospectively included,and grouped according to the jaundice control effect 4 weeks after surgery.Univariate and multivariate analysis of the efficacy of ERCP stent placement in malignant obstructive jaundice after 4 weeks.Construction of a predictive model for the efficacy of ERCP stent placement in malignant obstructive jaundice after 4 weeks and clinical efficacy analysis.Results There were 64 cases for jaundice resolved in 4 weeks after surgery among all 130 patients with the regression rate for 49.23％.The results of univariate analysis showed that the type of biliary obstruction,stent type,and preoperative Child Pugh grading may all be related to the efficacy of ERCP stent placement in malignant obstructive jaundice after 4 weeks(P＜0.05).The results of Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the type of biliary obstruction,stent type,and preoperative Child Pugh grade were all independent influencing factors on the efficacy of ERCP stent placement for malignant obstructive jaundice at 4 weeks(P＜0.05).Using the independent influencing factors and P-value prediction probability of Logistic regression model to predict the prognosis of patients,the ROC curve was used,with areas under the curve of 0.713,0.823,0.907,and 0.971,respectively.Conclusion The clinical effects of ERCP stent implantation in malignant obstructive jaundice was closely related to the type of biliary obstruction,stent type and preoperative Child-Pugh grade.The data model constructed using the above three factors has shown good performance in predicting the prognosis of patients.

Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. A prospective cohort study enrolled 42 patients with clinically suspected acute cerebrovascular disease and those undergoing follow-up examinations after intracranial vascular stenting at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2024 to May 2025. All patients underwent UHR PCD-CT examinations of the head and neck. Reconstructions were performed based on raw data, yielding conventional standard resolution (SR group) reconstructions and UHR images reconstructed using four distinct convolution kernels (Hv40, Hv48, Hv56, Hv64) in separate groups (Hv40 UHR group, Hv48 UHR group, Hv56 UHR group, Hv64 UHR group). Regions of interest were selected in the anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, posterior cerebral artery, posterior communicating artery, and anterior communicating artery. CT values and standard deviation (SD) values were measured for each artery, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated. Additionally, the sharpness of the vessel edges and the full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) of each artery were measured. One-way analysis of variance or the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the subjective and objective image quality metrics across the five groups. Pairwise comparisons were performed using the LSD test or Dunn method.Results:Statistically significant differences were observed in the overall comparison of vascular imaging SD, SNR, CNR, vascular edge sharpness, and FWHM among the SR group, Hv40 UHR group, Hv48 UHR group, Hv56 UHR group, and Hv64 UHR group ( P<0.05). No statistically significant differences in CT values were found ( P>0.05). Pairwise comparisons revealed statistically significant differences between all groups ( P<0.05), except that no significant differences were observed in image SD, SNR, CNR, vascular edge sharpness, or FWHM between the Hv56 UHR and Hv64 UHR groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:UHR PCD-CT provides better image quality for neurovascular imaging. For the display of small intracranial vessels, the Hv64 provides sharper vessel walls and better subjective image quality compared to the less sharp convolutional cores.Objective:To explore the value of ultra-high resolution (UHR) photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) to improve the quality of neurovascular images.

Objective To observe the value of 2D SECara-Net and 3D U2-Net models constructed based on 2D maximal intensity projection(MIP)and 3D time-of-flight MR angiography(3D TOF-MRA)images,respectively,also of their combination for MRA detecting unruptured saccular intracranial aneurysms(USIA).Methods Totally 973 patients with single USIA and 300 subjects who underwent healthy physical examination were retrospectively collected and divided into training set(n=923,containing 723 cases of USIA and 200 healthy subjects)and test set(n=350,containing 250 cases of USIA and 100 healthy subjects)at the ratio of 7:3.Pre-processed 3D TOF-MRA and the obtained 2D-MIP images in training set were imported into 3D U2-Net and 2D SECara-Net models for training and adjusting parameters,respectively.The efficiency of 2 models and their combination for detecting USIA were evaluated.Results The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of 2D SECara-Net model for detecting USIA in test set was 78.80％(197/250),95.00％(95/100)and 83.43％(292/350),of 3D U2-Net model was 82.80％(207/250),86.00％(86/100)and 83.71％(293/350),respectively.The specificity of 2D SECara-Net model was higher than that of 3D U2-Net model(P=0.030),while no significant difference of sensitivity nor accuracy was found between 2 models(both P＞0.05).The specificity of the combination of the 2 models was 99.00％(99/100),higher than that of 3D U2-Net model(P＜0.05),and the sensitivity and accuracy of the combination was 91.20％(228/250)and 93.43％(327/350),respectivelty,both higher than those of 2 single models(all P＜0.05).Conclusion 2D SECara-Net and 3D U2-Net models had similar,sensitivity and accuracy for MRA detecting USIA.Combination of them could improve the detecting efficacy.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features, imaging features and diagnosis and treatment process of a female pelvic epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma (EIMS) with peritoneal metastasis, so as to improve the clinical understanding and diagnostic ability of the disease and avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.Methods:The clinical data of a female patient with pelvic EIMS combined with peritoneal metastasis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The triad examination of the patient involved an irregular solid mass in the pelvic cavity about 8.0 cm×9.0 cm in size. Laboratory examination revealed human epididymal protein 4(HE4)154.00 pmol/L. The ultrasonography showed multiple low-echo masses in deep pelvic cavity with unclear boundary and uneven internal echo, and color doppler flow imaging (CDFI) showed abundant internal blood flow signals. Enhanced CT showed uneven and obvious enhancement of the lesion. Pathological examination showed the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the mucous interstitial background. The tumor cells were round and epithelioid, with large nuclei, deep staining and obvious nucleolus. Immunohistochemistry showed anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive, and molecular pathology fluorescence in situ hybridization showed ALK gene amplification (positive). Combined with pathological, immunohistochemical and genetic tests, EIMS was diagnosed. Conclusions:EIMS should be considered when there are single or multiple solid or cystic nodules or masses in the pelvic cavity with obvious enhancement, invasive growth and peritoneal implantation metastasis, and the correct diagnosis can be made according to the pathological findings, immunohistochemistry and genetic test results.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of ERCP stent implantation for patients with malignant obstructive jaundice.Methods 130 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice who received ERCP stent implantation in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2024 were retrospectively included,and grouped according to the jaundice control effect 4 weeks after surgery.Univariate and multivariate analysis of the efficacy of ERCP stent placement in malignant obstructive jaundice after 4 weeks.Construction of a predictive model for the efficacy of ERCP stent placement in malignant obstructive jaundice after 4 weeks and clinical efficacy analysis.Results There were 64 cases for jaundice resolved in 4 weeks after surgery among all 130 patients with the regression rate for 49.23％.The results of univariate analysis showed that the type of biliary obstruction,stent type,and preoperative Child Pugh grading may all be related to the efficacy of ERCP stent placement in malignant obstructive jaundice after 4 weeks(P＜0.05).The results of Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the type of biliary obstruction,stent type,and preoperative Child Pugh grade were all independent influencing factors on the efficacy of ERCP stent placement for malignant obstructive jaundice at 4 weeks(P＜0.05).Using the independent influencing factors and P-value prediction probability of Logistic regression model to predict the prognosis of patients,the ROC curve was used,with areas under the curve of 0.713,0.823,0.907,and 0.971,respectively.Conclusion The clinical effects of ERCP stent implantation in malignant obstructive jaundice was closely related to the type of biliary obstruction,stent type and preoperative Child-Pugh grade.The data model constructed using the above three factors has shown good performance in predicting the prognosis of patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of microRNA(miR)-34a-5p on neurological function of rats with intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)by adjusting PTEN-induced kinase 1(PINK1)/Parkin pathway.Methods SD rats were assigned into sham surgery group(Sham),ICH group,inhibitor NC group,miR-34a-5p inhibitor group,miR-34a-5p inhibitor+DMSO group,and miR-34a-5p inhibitor+Mdivi-1 group,with 8 rats in each group.Modified neurological severity score(mNSS)was used to assess changes in neurological function of rats;HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes in the brain tissue of rats;transmission electron microscopy was used to observe autophagy in brain tissue;TUNEL staining was used to observe cell apoptosis;qRT-PCR experiment was used to detect the mRNA levels of miR-34a-5p,PINK1 and Parkin in the brain tissues;Western blot experiments were used to measure PINK1,Parkin,Beclin1 and P62 proteins in the brain tissues of rats;dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to determine the targeting relationship between miR-34a-5p and PINK1.Results Compared with the inhibitor NC group,the miR-34a-5p inhibitor group demonstrated lower levels of neuronal necrosis,red blood cell amount,inflammatory cell amount,autophagic vacuole amount,mNSS score,TUNEL positivity rate,miR-34a-5p expression and p62 protein,but higher levels of PINK1,Parkin mRNA and protein expression,and Beclin1 protein expression(P＜0.05).Compared with the miR-34a-5p inhibitor+DMSO group,the changes mentioned above in rat of the miR-34a-5p inhibitor+Mdivi-1 group are all reversed(P＜0.05).In the dual luciferase reporter gene experiment,the relative luciferase activity of cells in the miR-34a-5p mimic and PINK1-WT cotransfected group was greatly reduced(P＜0.05).Conclusion The downregulation of miR-34a-5p may alleviate neurological dysfunction in ICH rats by adjusting PINK1/Parkin pathway.