BACKGROUND:Exercise has a regulatory effect on intestinal flora and glucose metabolism,but the effects of high-intensity intermittent exercise on intestinal flora and glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of high-intensity intermittent exercise on glucose metabolism and intestinal flora in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS:Eleven patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited,among which,two were lost to the follow-up and nine were finally enrolled.High-intensity intermittent exercise intervention was conducted 3 times per week for 6 continuous weeks.Fasting blood and fecal samples were collected before and after the intervention.Glucose metabolism indexes were detected in the blood samples,and intestinal flora was detected in the fecal samples.Changes in glucose metabolism indexes and intestinal flora indexes of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus before and after the intervention were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 6 weeks of high-intensity intermittent exercise intervention,fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein levels in patients were significantly reduced(P<0.05),and fasting insulin,although not significantly changed,was decreased compared with before intervention.Alpha diversity analysis showed that the diversity(Shannon index),richness(Chao index)and coverage(Coverage index)did not change significantly.Venn diagrams showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,and Fusobacteria in the intestinal flora of the patients increased,and the relative abundance of Firmicutes decreased,and a significant decrease was seen in Ruminococcus_torques and Ruminococcus_gnavus in the Firmicutes,which were both positively correlated with the abnormalities of the glycemic metabolism-related indicators,as well as with other disease development.All these findings indicate that high-intensity intermittent exercise intervention has an improvement effect on the glycemic metabolism-related indexes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and the abundance of beneficial flora in the intestinal tract increases,and the abundance of harmful flora decreased,enhancing the stability of the intestinal flora in patients.

Objective: To analyze the occupational health literacy (OHL) level and its influencing factors among key populations in the tertiary industry in Lu'an City, Anhui Province, so as to provide a basis for developing targeted health interventions and improving regional occupational health policies. Methods: A stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select five categories of key populations from the tertiary industry in Lu'an City as study subjects from August to September 2024. Data on gender, age, education level, and OHL were collected through the National OHL Monitoring Questionnaire for Key Populations. The OHL levels were analyzed, and influencing factors of OHL levels among key populations were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 1 243 individuals were surveyed, comprising 700 (56.32%) males and 543 (43.68%) females. The median age was 42.00 (interquartile range, 17.00) years. There were 609 individuals with OHL, and the OHL level was 48.99%. The OHL levels in fundamental knowledge of occupational health protection, healthy work styles and behaviors, knowledge of occupational health laws, and basic skills for occupational health protection were 84.71%, 60.34%, 43.93%, and 37.09%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that educational level (primary school and below, OR=0.149, 95%CI: 0.064-0.344; junior high school, OR=0.340, 95%CI: 0.184-0.629; high school, OR=0.408, 95%CI: 0.230-0.723), average monthly personal income (3 000-<5 000 yuan, OR=1.655, 95%CI: 1.092-2.508; 5 000-<7 000 yuan, OR=2.195, 95%CI: 1.302-3.699; ≥7 000 yuan, OR=2.062, 95%CI: 1.016-4.183), employer nature (private enterprises, OR=2.992, 95%CI: 1.569-5.443), and industry category (education, OR=3.423, 95%CI: 1.407-8.327; courier / food delivery services, OR=0.459, 95%CI: 0.268-0.787; healthcare, OR=7.539, 95%CI: 3.255-17.461) were statistically associated with the OHL level among key population. Conclusion The OHL level among key population in the tertiary industry of Lu'an City can be further enhanced, with educational level, average monthly personal income, employer nature, and industry category identified as the primary influencing factors.

The influenza A virus (IAV), renowned for its high contagiousness and potential to catalyze global pandemics, poses significant challenges due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Given the critical role of RNA polymerase in IAV replication, it stands out as a promising target for anti-IAV therapies. In this study, we identified a novel C-3-substituted oleanolic acid benzyl amide derivative, A5, as a potent inhibitor of the PA_C-PB1_N polymerase subunit interaction, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.96 ± 0.21 μmol/L. A5 specifically targets the highly conserved PA_C domain and demonstrates remarkable efficacy against both laboratory-adapted and clinically isolated IAV strains, including multidrug-resistant strains, with EC₅₀ values ranging from 0.60 to 1.83 μmol/L. Notably, when combined with oseltamivir, A5 exhibits synergistic effects both in vitro and in vivo. In a murine model, dose-dependent administration of A5 leads to a significant reduction in IAV titers, resulting in a high survival rate among treated mice. Additionally, A5 treatment inhibits virus-induced Toll-like receptor 4 activation, attenuates cytokine responses, and protects against IAV-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages. In summary, A5 emerges as a novel inhibitor with high efficiency and broad-spectrum anti-influenza activity.

Objective:To investigate the distribution characteristics of cognition-related lifestyles of elderly in communities and explore the integrated effects on early cognitive decline.Methods:The participants were from the Project of Prevention and Intervention of Neurodegenerative Disease for Elderly in China. A total of 2 537 older adults aged ≥60 years without dementia in the 2015 baseline survey and the 2017 follow-up survey were included. The information about their cognition-related lifestyles, including physical exercise, social interaction, leisure activity, sleep quality, smoking status, and alcohol consumption, were collected through questionnaire survey and the integrated scores were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between integrated cognition-related lifestyle score and early cognitive decline.Results:In the 2 537 older adults surveyed, 28.7% had score of 5-6, while only 4.8% had high scores for all 6 healthy lifestyles. Significant differences in healthy lifestyle factor distributions were observed between men and women. Multivariate logistic regression model showed that the risks for early cognitive decline in the older adults who had lifestyle score of 4 and 5-6 were lower than that in those with lifestyle score of 0-3 ( OR=0.683, 95% CI: 0.457-1.019; OR=0.623, 95% CI: 0.398-0.976; trend P=0.030). In the women, the risks for early cognitive decline was lower in groups with score of 4 and 5-6 than in group with score of 0-3 ( OR=0.491, 95% CI: 0.297-0.812; OR=0.556, 95% CI: 0.332-0.929; trend P=0.024). Conclusion:Cognition-related healthy lifestyles are associated with significantly lower risk for early cognitive decline in the elderly, especially in women.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a common chronic liver disease in clinical practice. In recent years, with increasing social attention to the health of women and the elderly, the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease after menopause has increasingly become a research hotspot in metabolic diseases. This study explores the pathogenesis and treatment method of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in postmenopausal women based on the theory of "deficient qi and stagnation" and combined with the physiological and pathological characteristics of postmenopausal women and the Western medicine understanding of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We believe that the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in postmenopausal women is rooted in the "deficient qi" caused by depletion of liver and kidney essence and blood. The imbalance between the physical and functional aspects of the liver due to this "deficient qi" is the primary factor, while the "stagnation" of phlegm and blood stasis is the manifestation. Furthermore, the "deficient qi" and "stagnation" reinforce each other, with the deficiency leading to stagnation and stagnation exacerbating the deficiency, thus accelerating the progression of the disease. The treatment approach should be one that combines nourishing deficiency and resolving stagnation, addressing both root cause and maifestations. Given the female characteristic of "the liver as the innate organ" and the post-menopausal physiological state of "gradual decline of kidney essence", it is important to focus on nourishing the liver and kidneys, nurturing the liver′s physical body while maintaining its function, and also promoting the circulation of qi, resolving phlegm, and invigorating blood circulation to remove blood stasis. This approach aims to reduce the accumulation of lipids in the liver, offering a new perspective and approach for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in post-menopausal women with traditional Chinese medicine.

Chemotherapy resistance plays a pivotal role in the prognosis and therapeutic failure of patients with colorectal cancer(CRC).Cisplatin(DDP)-resistant cells exhibit an inherent ability to evade the toxic chemotherapeutic drug effects which are characterized by the activation of slow-cycle programs and DNA repair.Among the elements that lead to DDP resistance,O6-methylguanine(O6-MG)-DNA-meth-yltransferase(MGMT),a DNA-repair enzyme,performs a quintessential role.In this study,we clarify the significant involvement of MGMT in conferring DDP resistance in CRC,elucidating the underlying mechanism of the regulatory actions of MGMT.A notable upregulation of MGMT in DDP-resistant cancer cells was found in our study,and MGMT repression amplifies the sensitivity of these cells to DDP treatment in vitro and in vivo.Conversely,in cancer cells,MGMT overexpression abolishes their sensi-tivity to DDP treatment.Mechanistically,the interaction between MGMT and cyclin dependent kinase 1(CDK1)inducing slow-cycling cells is attainted via the promotion of ubiquitination degradation of CDK1.Meanwhile,to achieve nonhomologous end joining,MGMT interacts with XRCC6 to resist chemotherapy drugs.Our transcriptome data from samples of 88 patients with CRC suggest that MGMT expression is co-related with the Wnt signaling pathway activation,and several Wnt inhibitors can repress drug-resistant cells.In summary,our results point out that MGMT is a potential therapeutic target and predictive marker of chemoresistance in CRC.

Methamphetamine(METH)is highly addictive and neurotoxic,which causes cognitive and memory dysfunction in abusers.The harm of METH lies not only in its own toxicity,but also in the high physical and mental dependence of drug addicts,often causing mental disorders and violent behavior,bringing great safety risks to society.Non-coding RNA(ncRNA)does not encode proteins and is an important factor in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.Studies have shown that ncRNA plays an important regulatory role in methamphetamine-induced addiction and neurotoxicity,but the specific mechanism is unclear.This article reviews the current research progress of ncRNA in regulating METH-induced addiction and neurotoxicity to provide a reference for ncRNA as a forensic identification index and potential therapeutic target for METH abusers.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and the risk factors of postoperative recurrence.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted to collect the clinical data of 200 TN patients admitted to Hebei General Hospital from February 2018 to February 2019. According to different treatment methods, the patients were divided into operation group ( n=150) and conservative group ( n=50). The operation group received PBC treatment, and the conservative group received conservative treatment. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was recorded, including total effective rate, VAS, quality of life score (physical function, health status, social function, mental health). Patients treated with PBC were followed up for 4 years, and were divided into relapse group ( n=23) and non-recurrence group ( n=127) according to postoperative recurrence. The baseline data and laboratory indexes of the two groups were recorded, including fasting blood glucose, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α). Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( ± s), and t-test was used for comparison between groups. Chi-square test was used for comparison between count data groups. The factors related to postoperative recurrence of TN patients were first analyzed by univariate analysis, and then by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. A nomogram prediction model was constructed to predict postoperative recurrence, and its prediction efficiency was evaluated. The model was stratified by X-tile software to discuss its clinical application value. Results:The total effective rate, VAS of the operation group were 94.00%, 2.14±0.57, the conservative group were 78.00%, 3.87±1.16, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P< 0.05). The scores of physical function, health status, social function and mental health of quality of life in the operation group after treatment were 89.75±4.67, 90.36±5.68, 87.68±4.16, 88.79±5.09, the conservative group were 82.54±4.03, 84.67±4.28, 81.45±4.09, 80.69±4.89, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P< 0.05). Of 150 patients treated with PBC, 23 (15.33%) relapsed. Hypertension( OR=2.537, 95% CI: 1.069-6.019), diabetes( OR=5.179, 95% CI: 1.492-17.970), hyperlipidemia( OR=2.447, 95% CI: 1.227-4.883), CRP≥6.62 mg/L( OR=6.386, 95% CI: 1.738-9.854), IL-6≥19.55 ng/L( OR=8.028, 95% CI: 1.279-12.214), procalcitonin ≥1.13 ng/mL ( OR=7.615, 95% CI: 5.020-14.559), TNF-α≥4.56 ng/L( OR=6.226, 95% CI: 4.950-13.337) were independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence of PBC ( P<0.05). Based on the nomogram constructed by the above 7 risk factors, the decision curve showed that the net benefit rate was greater than 0 when the threshold probability was between 0.01 and 0.91. The X-tile software was used to divide the model into three levels of low (>21.6), medium (13.8-21.6) and high (<13.8) risk according to the Logistic risk score, and the postoperative recurrence probability of PBC was 10.87%, 20.74% and 64.04%, respectively. The recurrence rate of PBC in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the medium-risk group and the low-risk group ( χ2=5.136, P=0.015). Conclusions:Percutaneous balloon compression of trigeminal nerve in the treatment of patients with trigeminal neuralgia has the advantages of high total effective rate, fewer postoperative complications, good clinical efficacy, quick effect and so on. The construction of percutaneous balloon compression of trigeminal nerve in patients with trigeminal neuralgia postoperative recurrence risk prediction model to provide reference for clinical improvement of patient rehabilitation.

Centenarians are known as the "model population" in the study of healthy aging. Understanding their characteristics of health and longevity and its related influencing factors would facilitate the exploration of the possible path to achieve health and longevity under the background of population aging in China. In recent years, the population based observational studies, including China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study (CHCCS), have found the main health characteristics of centenarians and their relationship with quality of life. This paper summarizes the relevant research results from CHCCS in recent years, and compare them with the results of similar domestic studies. The main health indicators include blood pressure, blood lipid, blood glucose, hemoglobin, body measurement and renal function. The health outcomes including diet, nutrition, health-related quality of life, activities of daily living, geriatric syndrome. The results are expected to provide epidemiological evidence for the development of healthy aging policies.

Objective:To explore the association between parathyroid hormone (PTH) and all-cause death in the centenarians in Hainan Province.Methods:The study was based on China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study, a total of 1 002 centenarians were included in the baseline survey, the follow up was conducted to collect the information about their death outcome. The association between baseline PTH level and all-cause death was analyzed by Cox proportional risk regression model using continuous variables, dichotomous variables, and quad variables as independent variables of the centenarians.Results:As of May 31 st, 2021, a total of 522 centenarians had died in the follow up period, the median of the follow up time was 4.16 (1.31,5.04) years, and the mortality rate was 52.10%. After fully adjusting the covariates, the multiple Cox proportional hazards regression analyses showed that the risk of all-cause death increased by 3.7% for every 10 pg/ml increase in PTH value, the HR was 1.037 (95% CI: 1.007-1.067) in all the centenarians. The risk of death in the centenarians in the highest PTH group was 1.458 (95% CI: 1.131-1.878) times higher than that in the lowest PTH group. Conclusions:Higher parathyroid hormone level was associated with the elevated risk for all-cause death in the centenarians in Hainan. PTH can be used as a reference index for the prediction of the death risk of long-lived elderly in community.