ObjectiveTo compare the histological staining performance of four various tissue fixatives, including a self-developed fixative, for preparing paraffin sections of rat eyeball tissue. MethodsTwenty 5-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=5 per group). After anesthesia by intraperitoneal injection of Zoletil™ 50 at a dose of 45 mg/kg body weight, the rats were euthanized by exsanguination via the abdominal aorta. Bilateral eyeballs were carefully extracted intact and fixed for 72 h in 10% formaldehyde fixative, glutaraldehyde-formaldehyde mixed fixative, Davidson's fixative, and self-developed fixative, respectively. After fixation, the eyeballs were longitudinally sectioned along the optic nerve, with the portions containing the optic nerve preserved. The tissues were then dehydrated, embedded, and sectioned. Following hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, histological staining quality was compared among ocular structures including the cornea, lens, and retina. ResultsThe overall appearance of rat eyeballs showed marked shrinkage in the 10% formaldehyde group and the glutaraldehyde-formaldehyde group, whereas the eye morphology remained round and intact in the modified Davidson's fixative group and self-developed fixative group. The corneal stroma exhibited obvious rupture, and the cells were arranged in folded arrangement in the modified Davidson's fixative group, 10% formaldehyde group, and self-developed fixative group. In contrast, the corneal cells in the glutaraldehyde-formaldehyde group were neatly arranged, showing no rupture or folding, and exhibited clear staining, indicating the highest quality of corneal sectioning among all groups. In the 10% formaldehyde group, cracks were observed in the equatorial and cortical regions of the lens, but the lens fiber structure remained intact. The lenses in the modified Davidson's fixative group showed extensive rupture and detachment. The glutaraldehyde-formaldehyde group displayed only slight cracks at the equator. In the self-developed fixative group, mild red folding was limited to the peripheral lens region, with the remaining structures intact and unbroken. These findings indicated that the glutaraldehyde-formaldehyde and self-developed fixative groups achieved the best lens sectioning quality. The retina was severely detached from the choroid/sclera layer, with extensive rupture of each cellular layer in the 10% formaldehyde fixative group. In the glutaraldehyde-formaldehyde group, partial detachment between the retina and choroid/sclera was observed. The outer plexiform layer and nerve fiber layer showed separation with edema, while the cells in all layers were neatly arranged. In both the Davidson's fixative and the self-developed fixative groups, the retina remained intact without rupture, and no structural separation was observed in any layer. Both demonstrated advantages in preserving the integrity and orderly arrangement of all retinal layers; however, the self-developed fixative group exhibited greater contrast. ConclusionThe choice of fixative significantly affects the morphological preservation of various structures in the rat eye. The self-developed fixative demonstrates the best overall performance in maintaining overall eye morphology, the structural integrity of the lens, and retinal adhesion. For studies focusing solely on the corneal structure, the glutaraldehyde-formaldehyde mixed fixative is recommended. The 10% formaldehyde fixative exhibits unsatisfactory fixation effects for all the aforementioned ocular structures and is not recommended for detailed morphological studies of eyeball tissues.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of disco interacting protein 2 homolog B （DIP2B） in the proliferation， migration， and invasion processes of gastric cancer cells. MethodsBioinformatic analysis was performed using public datasets， including TCGA， GEPIA and TIMER2.0， to assess DIP2B expression and its clinical prognostic value in gastric cancer. DIP2B expression levels in gastric cancer cell lines were validated by Western blot and RT-qPCR. A DIP2B knockdown cell model was established via siRNA mediated gene silencing， and the knockdown efficiency was confirmed. Cell proliferation was assessed using real-time cellular analysis （RTCA） and colony formation assays. Cell migration and invasion were evaluated by Transwell assays， while flow cytometry was employed to detect changes in apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. ResultsDIP2B was significantly upregulated in gastric cancer cells and correlated with poor prognosis in patients （P<0.05）. The experimental results revealed that DIP2B knockdown markedly suppressed the proliferation， migration， and invasion of gastric cancer cells， while promoting apoptosis and inducing cell cycle arrest （P<0.05）. ConclusionDIP2B is highly expressed in gastric cancer and associated with unfavorable prognosis. Knockdown of DIP2B inhibits the proliferation， migration， and invasion of gastric cancer cells and promotes apoptosis， suggesting that DIP2B may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer.

ObjectiveTo apply and systematically evaluate the care-need grading assessment tool for adults with disabilities in welfare institutions. MethodsFrom June to July, 2025, four disability care institutions in Shanghai were selected, and a total of 1 002 adults with disabilities were assessed using the self-developed care-need grading assessment tool for adults with disabilities in welfare institutions. The application effectiveness of the tool was evaluated by analyzing the classification results of care need grading and the reclassification in grade distribution. The application validity was assessed through score differences across functional dimensions, reduced-dimension clustering scatter plots for each grade, and external variables. The application efficiency was evaluated based on the average assessment duration and learning curves. The application utility value was assessed through the distribution characteristics and mapping relationships of service lists across different grades. ResultsThe distribution across disability levels was 84 in Level 1, 298 in Level 2, 92 in Level 3, 246 in Level 4, and 282 in Level 5, indicating a trend where individuals from higher levels in the original system shifted toward the middle and lower levels of the new system. The tool demonstrated strong discriminatory power across the four functional dimensions (P < 0.001), indicating favorable discriminant validity. The five classified levels exhibited clear clustering boundaries in the reduced-dimension space, reflecting robust structural validity. The classification results were consistent with theoretical expectations regarding external variables, including age, disability type, disability grade, number of comorbidities, and primary clinical diagnoses (P < 0.05), demonstrating sound external validity. The median assessment duration was 5.80 minutes, with a significant learning effect (P = 0.037), showcasing high efficiency. Finally, service lists tailored to different care levels were developed, where service content exhibited graded differences across care levels and accurately mapped the care-need characteristics of each grade, reflecting substantial utility value. ConclusionThis tool can classify the care needs of adults with disabilities into five levels, with sound validity and high assessment efficiency; while the resulting service lists for different care levels can be used to guide practical implementation, which can be used for the graded assessment of care needs among adults with disabilities.

Schistosomiasis, a zoonotic infectious disease, remains one of the major public health concerns in the world. As a country endemic for schistosomiasis with a long history and substantial disease burdens, China has sustained successive control efforts for over seven decades in the context of the One Health concept, establishing a cross-sectoral collaboration mechanism encompassing health, agriculture, water development resources, and forestry and grassland sectors. A package of interventions have been employed tailored to management of the source of Schistosoma japonicum infections, Oncomelania hupensis snail control, improved water supply and sanitation, environmental modification, and risk surveillance, and a “human-animal-environment” collaborative prevention and control model has been gradually generated. As a consequence, the transmission of schistosomiasis was interrupted across China in 2023. To achieve the goal of schistosomiasis elimination and sustainably consolidate the achievements of elimination in China, it is still necessary to enhance the long-term cross-sectoral coordination mechanism, promote interdisciplinary collaboration for innovating control technologies and strategies, establish an intelligent surveillance network covering the entire region, and strengthen the response and emergency management capabilities. In addition, distilling China’s schistosomiasis control and elimination experiences will provide a “One Health” model for the prevention and control of other parasitic and tropical diseases, thereby contributing to global disease control and sustainable development.

The recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH) can be used for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) preparation before ¹³¹I therapy, and follow-up. Since its approval by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1998, rhTSH has been clinically used in European countries, the United States, and other countries for nearly 30 years. In April 2024, China’s first independently developed rhTSH agent was approved. Based on clinical experience and evidence from domestic and international studies, an expert consensus on the application of rhTSH has been developed following thorough consultations among experts. The consensus offers evidence-based recommendations to guide the appropriate use of rhTSH in clinical practice.

Objective To establish a rapid immunological detection method for MPT64 protein based on red microspheres and select highly-sensitive and highly-specific antibody pairs.Methods A His-tagged prokaryotic expression vector was constructed for expression of MPT64 protein that was used to immunize New Zealand white rabbits after purification and validation.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were isolated from the rabbits,and antigen-specific B cells expressing antibodies were sorted using single B-cell flow cytometry.mRNA in B cells was reverse-transcribed into cDNA,and paired antibody heavy-and light-chain sequences were amplified via nested PCR.Expression vectors were constructed,and recombinant antibodies were produced in Expi293F cells.Fluorescent immunochromatography was employed to screen for matched antibody pairs.The selected antibodies were used to establish a rapid detection method based on red microsphere immunochromatography.Results Ten high-affinity monoclonal antibodies against MPT64 were generated.Two antibody pairs were selected for MPT64 immunodetection that reached a sensitivity of 0.0125 ng/mL.Conclusion High-affinity rabbit monoclonal antibodies against MPT64 are obtained via single B-cell technology,and a rapid red microspheres-based immunodetection method is established,enabling highly sensitive detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MPT64 protein.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of simultaneous resection for initially resectable rectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 305 patients with initially resectable rectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases. These patients were diagnosed at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from January 2016 to June 2020. Among them, 191 underwent simultaneous rectum and liver resection and 114 underwent staged resection. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed at a 1∶1 ratio. Clinical data were compared and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted. Results After PSM, 85 patients were included in each group. General data showed no significant differences. Except for liver metastasis resection method, no statistical differences were found in primary tumor surgery approach, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative complications, time to first flatus and defecation, 30-day mortality, and postoperative hospital stay between the simultaneous resection group and the staged resection group. The overall complication rate was higher in the simultaneous resection group (48.2% vs 29.4%, P＝0.04). Specifically, the grade Ⅱ complications were significantly higher (29.4% vs 14.1%, P＝0.016), but there’s no differences in severe complications (grade Ⅲ-Ⅴ). No statistically differences were observed in median progression-free survival (HR＝0.70, 95%CI 0.50-0.97, P＝0.103) and 5-year overall survival (HR＝0.95, 95%CI 0.63-1.44, P＝0.259). Conclusions Simultaneous resection demonstrates comparable safety and efficacy to staged resection for initially resectable rectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases.

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of remnant lipoprotein cholesterol(RLP-C)and platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)for elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)stratified by body mass index(BMI).Methods A total of 130 elderly AMI patients admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were recruited,and then based on their BMI,they were categorized into low(n=18),normal(n=60),and high BMI groups(n=52).Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for poor prognosis in elderly AMI patients.Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship of RLP-C and PLR with prognostic outcomes.ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive per-formance of the two indicators for prognosis in elderly AMI patients of different BMI.Results Significant differences in RLP-C and PLR levels were observed among the above three groups(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).In the overall population,as well as in the low,normal and high BMI groups,both RLP-C and PLR were positively correlated with adverse outcomes in elderly AMI patients(P＜0.01).PLR and RLP-C were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in elderly AMI pa-tients(P＜0.01),and they were independently associated with prognosis in each BMI group(P＜0.01).The combined the three indicators together significantly improved the sensitivity and speci-ficity in predicting adverse outcomes in elderly AMI patients when compared to single indicator alone(sensitivity:54.29％,75.94％,64.18％vs 82.61％;specificity:68.83％,70.22％,72.15％vs 80.49％;P＜0.01).Conclusion RLP-C and PLR are influencing factors for poor prognosis in eld-erly AMI patients,and can serve as predictive factors for prognosis,which are helpful for provi-ding valuable guidance for early treatment and prevention of adverse outcomes.

Objective To develop a tool for assessing the needs for care services for adults with disabilities in welfare institutions,and formulate criteria for classifying care needs.Methods Based on the theory of the International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health,the core contents of domestic and international care service assessment standards were analysed,and the first draft of the assess-ment tool was formed integrating with the current practice of welfare institutions.A total of eleven experts in the field of care services validated the first draft,and the assessment tool was revised according to the experts'opin-ions.From May to June,2024,340 adults with disabilities from Second Social Welfare Institute of Shanghai were graded to analyze the reliability and validity of the assessment tool.And then,1 046 subjects from Second Social Welfare Institute of Shanghai were graded using the assessment tool,and the scoring intervals for the five levels of care were determined using cluster analysis.Results The assessment tool included four first-level dimensions,eleven second-level dimensions,39 third-level dimen-sions and 43 indicators.The coefficients of variation of each dimension and indicator were less than 0.25 for ex-pert validation,while the average score of the importance of each indicator was above 4.63,with a full score rate more than 0.86.The overall Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.956,the test-retest reliability was 0.997,and the con-tent validity index of each indicator was 0.83 to 1.00.The exploratory factor analysis extracted four common fac-tors,with a cumulative variance contribution of 86.679%;the loading coefficients of indicators were 0.675 to 0.878,and the correlation coefficients among the dimensions were 0.325 to 0.476.Cluster analysis determined the level of institutional care needs as level 1(severe),level 2(medium-heavy),level 3(medium),level 4(light-moderate),and level 5(light).Conclusion The needs assessment tool for care services for adults with disabilities in welfare institutions developed in this study is good in reliability and validity,and can be used in guiding the care services provided for people with disabilities more efficient and targeted.

Objective To understand the changing composition and antibiotic resistance of bacterial species in the clinical isolates from outpatient and emergency department(hereinafter referred to as outpatients)and inpatient children over time in various hospitals,and to provide laboratory evidence for rational antibiotic use.Methods The data on clinically isolated pathogenic bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates from outpatients and inpatient children in the CHINET program from 2015 to 2021 were collected and analyzed.Results A total of 278 471 isolates were isolated from pediatric patients in the CHINET program from 2015 to 2021.About 17.1％of the strains were isolated from outpatients,primarily group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus,Escherichia coli,and Staphylococcus aureus.Most of the strains(82.9％)were isolated from inpatients,mainly SS.aureus,E.coli,and H.influenzae.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA)in outpatients(24.5％)was lower than that in inpatient children(31.5％).The MRSA isolates from outpatients showed lower resistance rates to the antibiotics tested than the strains isolated from inpatient children.The prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis or E.faecium and penicillin-resistant S.pneumoniae was low in either outpatients or inpatient children.S.pneumoniae,β-hemolytic Streptococcus and S.viridans showed high resistance rates to erythromycin.The prevalence of erythromycin-resistant group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus was higher in outpatients than that in inpatient children.The prevalence of β-lactamase-producing H.influenzae showed an overall upward trend in children,but lower in outpatients(45.1％)than in inpatient children(59.4％).The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKpn),carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa(CRPae)and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAba)was 14％,11.7％,47.8％in outpatients,but 24.2％,20.6％,and 52.8％in inpatient children,respectively.The prevalence of multidrug-resistant E.coli,K.pneumoniae,Proteus mirabilis,P.aeruginosa and A.baumannii strains was lower in outpatients than in inpatient children.The prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant E.coli,ESBLs-producing K.pneumoniae,ESBLs-producing P.mirabilis,carbapenem-resistant E.coli(CREco),CRKpn,and CRPae was lower in children in outpatients than in inpatient children,but the prevalence of CRAba in 2021 was higher than in inpatient children.Conclusions The distribution of clinical isolates from children is different between outpatients and inpatients.The prevalence of MRSA,ESBL,and CRO was higher in inpatient children than in outpatients.Antibiotics should be used rationally in clinical practice based on etiological diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility test results.Ongoing antimicrobial resistance surveillance and prevention and control of hospital infections are crucial to curbing bacterial resistance.