Objective To investigate the effects of indirect moxibustion on the expressions of DNA methyltransferases(DNMT)and methylation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)promoter region in uterine tissues of rats with primary dysmenorrhea(PD);To explore the mechanism of epigenetic regulation of indirect moxibustion on PD model rats.Methods A total of 32 female SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,indirect moxibustion group and Western medicine group,with 8 rats in each group.The PD model with cold dampness stagnation syndrome was established using ice-water baths combined with estradiol benzoate and oxytocin.Starting from the first day of modeling,the indirect moxibustion group received salt-partitioned moxibustion at"Shenque"and ginger-partitioned moxibustion at"Guanyuan"for 20 min,while the Western medicine group was gavaged ibuprofen solution.Both interventions were given once a day for 10 days.On day 11,writhing responses were observed and scored after oxytocin injection,Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect protein and mRNA expression of BDNF,DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue,immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the positive expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue.The DNA methylation of BDNF promoter region in uterine tissue was detected by sulfite sequencing.Results Compared with the blank group,the writhing latency was shortened and the writhing score increased in the model group(P<0.01);the protein and mRNA expressions of BDNF,DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue increased(P<0.01),the positive expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B increased(P<0.01),and the DNA methylation rate in BDNF promoter region decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the writhing latency was lengthened and the writhing score decreased in the indirect moxibustion group and Western medicine group(P<0.05,P<0.01);the protein and mRNA expressions of BDNF,DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),the positive expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B decreased(P<0.01),and the DNA methylation rate in BDNF promoter region increased(P<0.01).Conclusion Indirect moxibustion at"Shenque"and"Guanyuan"may inhibit the transcription of BDNF by increasing the DNA methylation level of BDNF promoter region,and reduce the expression of BDNF,so as to relieve the pain of PD rats.

Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy of a self-locking zero-notch interbody fusion device for long-segment cervical spondylosis in elderly patients with traditional titanium plate combined with interbody fusion device.Methods From Jan 2019 to Jan 2021,elderly patients(>60 years)with 3-4 segments(C3-C7)radiculopathy,myelopathy,or mixed-type cervical spondylosis underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion(ACDF)using a zero-notch interbody fusion device(Group A,n=24)and ACDF using a titanium plate combined with an interbody fusion device(Group B,n=18).We recorded the surgery duration,blood loss,incision length and hospital stay,measure preoperative and postoperative intervertebral height,functional segment height and cervical lordosis,and also observe treatment outcomes and postoperative complications between the two groups.Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender,age,Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score,visual analogue scale(VAS)of upper limb,Neck Disability Index(NDI),preoperative intervertebral height,functional segment height and cervical lordosis.Blood loss,surgery time and hospital stay were similar in both groups,but Group A had shorter incision length(P<0.01)compared with Group B.There were no significant differences between the two groups in JOA scores,upper limb VAS and postoperative NDI,and even in postoperative intervertebral height,functional segment height and cervical lordosis recovery.Conclusion The zero-notch interbody fusion device is effective for treating long-segment cervical spondylosis.Compared with the traditional titanium plate combined with an interbody fusion device,it can avoid postoperative dysphagia with smaller incision and shorter surgery time,which makes it more suitable for elderly patients.

BACKGROUND:The patient underwent multiple hypoproteinemia after total hip arthroplasty,which affected postoperative healing and rehabilitation.OBJECTIVE:To investigate and screen the risk factors for hypoproteinemia after total hip arthroplasty,and to establish a nomogram prediction model so as to provide guidance for judging whether hypoproteinemia occurs after total hip arthroplasty.METHODS:A total of 355 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty were included,and according to whether hypoproteinemia occurred on the first day after surgery,they were divided into 238 cases in the hypoproteinemia group and 117 cases in the normal group,with a hypoproteinemia rate of 67％.Data were collected,including age,gender,diabetes mellitus,hypertension,hyperuricemia,hyperlipidemia,anesthesia method,preoperative leukocytes,preoperative erythrocytes,preoperative hemoglobin,preoperative platelets,preoperative plasma prothrombin time,preoperative activated partial prothrombin time,preoperative international normalized ratio,preoperative thrombin time,preoperative fibrinogen,preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate,preoperative C-reactive protein,preoperative D-dimer,preoperative mean corpuscular hemoglobin content,preoperative mean corpuscular volume,operation time,body mass index,preoperative procalcitonin,and preoperative hematocrit.SPSS 27.0 software was used for univariate analysis,followed by R language(4.3.1)to perform least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and 10-fold cross-validation of the observation indicators to obtain the intersection of the two risk factors.SPSS 27.0 software was used to perform multivariate binary logistic regression to obtain the final risk factors.The prediction model of hypoproteinemia after total hip arthroplasty was constructed by R language.The receiver operating characteristic curve,calibration curve,and clinical decision curve were constructed to assess the predictive model predictive ability.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Univariate analysis,least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression,and multivariate logistic regression were used to screen out significant differences in age(OR=1.024,P=0.023),preoperative platelets(OR=0.995,P=0.028),and preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate(OR=1.031,P=0.045)in judging whether hypoproteinemia would occur after surgery(P＜0.05).(2)The nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the final risk factors screened by multivariate Logistic regression,and the prediction ability of the model was evaluated by constructing the receiver operating characteristic curve,and the area under the calculated receiver operating characteristic curve reached 0.835(95％CI=0.779-0.891),C-index=0.835.A threshold of 0-0.83 could bring better clinical efficacy calculated by the decision curve analysis.The model has good sensitivity and accuracy,which can better identify the risk of postoperative hypoproteinemia for medical staff and patients before total hip arthroplasty.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of free medial femoral condyle (MFC) functional chimeric perforator flap (FCPF) transplantation in reconstructing joint function by repairing concomitant osteochondral defects and soft tissue defect in hand and foot joints. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 6 patients (5 males, 1 female; mean age of 33.4 years, range 21-56 years) with traumatic osteochondral joint defects and associated tendon, nerve, and soft tissue defects treated between January 2019 and November 2024. Defect locations included metacarpal heads (n=2), metacarpophalangeal joint (n=1), first metatarsal head (n=1), base of first proximal phalanx (n=1), and talar head (n=1), with soft tissue defects in all cases. Osteochondral defect sizes ranged from 1.5 cm×1.2 cm×0.7 cm to 4.0 cm×0.6 cm×0.6 cm, and skin defects ranged from 4 cm×3 cm to 13 cm×4 cm. The stage Ⅰ treatment included debridement, antibiotic-loaded bone cement filling of bone-cartilage defects, fracture internal fixation, and coverage with vacuum sealing drainage. Stage Ⅱ involved harvesting a free MFC- FCPF included an osteochondral flap (range of 1.5 cm×1.2 cm×0.7 cm to 4.0 cm×0.6 cm×0.6 cm), gracilis and/or semitendinosus tendon grafts (length of 4-13 cm), saphenous nerve graft (length of 3.5-4.0 cm), and a perforator skin flap (range of 6 cm×4 cm to 14 cm×6 cm), each with independent vascular supply. The flap was transplanted to reconstruct joint function. Donor sites were closed primarily or with skin grafting. Flap survival was monitored postoperatively. Radiographic assessment was used to evaluate bone/joint healing. At last follow-up, the joint function recovery was assessed. RESULTS: All 6 MFC-FCPF survived completely, with primary healing of wounds and donor sites. All patients were followed up 6-44 months (mean, 23.5 months). The flaps at metacarpophalangeal joint in 1 case and at ankle joint in 1 case were treated with degreasing repair because of their bulky appearance, while the other flaps had good appearance and texture. At 3 months after operation, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain during joint movement of recipient site was 0-2, with an average of 0.7; at last follow-up, the VAS score of the donor site was 0-1, with an average of 0.3. According to the Paley fracture healing scoring system, the osteochondral healing of all the 6 patients was excellent. The range of motion of the metacarpophalangeal joint in 3 cases was 75%, 90%, and 100% of contralateral side respectively, the range of motion of the metatarsophalangeal joint in 2 cases was 65% and 95% of contralateral side respectively, and the range of motion of the ankle joint in 1 case was 90% of contralateral side. The hand function was evaluated as excellent in 2 cases and good in 1 case according to the upper limb function evaluation standard of the Chinese Medical Association Hand Surgery Society, and the foot function was evaluated as excellent in 2 cases and fair in 1 case according to the Maryland foot function score of 93, 91, and 69, respectively. The International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score of 6 knees was 91-99, with an average of 95.2. CONCLUSION The free MFC-FCPF enables precise anatomical joint reconstruction with three-dimensional restoration of tendon, nerve, capsule, and soft tissue defects, effectively restoring joint function and improving quality of life.
Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods* ; Soft Tissue Injuries/surgery* ; Perforator Flap/blood supply* ; Femur/surgery* ; Young Adult ; Foot Joints/injuries* ; Treatment Outcome

PURPOSE: Intertrochanteric fracture (ITF) classification is crucial for surgical decision-making. However, orthopedic trauma surgeons have shown lower accuracy in ITF classification than expected. The objective of this study was to utilize an artificial intelligence (AI) method to improve the accuracy of ITF classification. METHODS: We trained a network called YOLOX-SwinT, which is based on the You Only Look Once X (YOLOX) object detection network with Swin Transformer (SwinT) as the backbone architecture, using 762 radiographic ITF examinations as the training set. Subsequently, we recruited 5 senior orthopedic trauma surgeons (SOTS) and 5 junior orthopedic trauma surgeons (JOTS) to classify the 85 original images in the test set, as well as the images with the prediction results of the network model in sequence. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) to compare the differences among the SOTS, JOTS, SOTS + AI, JOTS + AI, SOTS + JOTS, and SOTS + JOTS + AI groups. All images were classified according to the AO/OTA 2018 classification system by 2 experienced trauma surgeons and verified by another expert in this field. Based on the actual clinical needs, after discussion, we integrated 8 subgroups into 5 new subgroups, and the dataset was divided into training, validation, and test sets by the ratio of 8:1:1. RESULTS: The mean average precision at the intersection over union (IoU) of 0.5 (mAP50) for subgroup detection reached 90.29%. The classification accuracy values of SOTS, JOTS, SOTS + AI, and JOTS + AI groups were 56.24% ± 4.02%, 35.29% ± 18.07%, 79.53% ± 7.14%, and 71.53% ± 5.22%, respectively. The paired t-test results showed that the difference between the SOTS and SOTS + AI groups was statistically significant, as well as the difference between the JOTS and JOTS + AI groups, and the SOTS + JOTS and SOTS + JOTS + AI groups. Moreover, the difference between the SOTS + JOTS and SOTS + JOTS + AI groups in each subgroup was statistically significant, with all p < 0.05. The independent samples t-test results showed that the difference between the SOTS and JOTS groups was statistically significant, while the difference between the SOTS + AI and JOTS + AI groups was not statistically significant. With the assistance of AI, the subgroup classification accuracy of both SOTS and JOTS was significantly improved, and JOTS achieved the same level as SOTS. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the YOLOX-SwinT network algorithm enhances the accuracy of AO/OTA subgroups classification of ITF by orthopedic trauma surgeons.
Humans ; Hip Fractures/diagnostic imaging* ; Orthopedic Surgeons ; Algorithms ; Artificial Intelligence

Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy of a self-locking zero-notch interbody fusion device for long-segment cervical spondylosis in elderly patients with traditional titanium plate combined with interbody fusion device.Methods From Jan 2019 to Jan 2021,elderly patients(>60 years)with 3-4 segments(C3-C7)radiculopathy,myelopathy,or mixed-type cervical spondylosis underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion(ACDF)using a zero-notch interbody fusion device(Group A,n=24)and ACDF using a titanium plate combined with an interbody fusion device(Group B,n=18).We recorded the surgery duration,blood loss,incision length and hospital stay,measure preoperative and postoperative intervertebral height,functional segment height and cervical lordosis,and also observe treatment outcomes and postoperative complications between the two groups.Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender,age,Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score,visual analogue scale(VAS)of upper limb,Neck Disability Index(NDI),preoperative intervertebral height,functional segment height and cervical lordosis.Blood loss,surgery time and hospital stay were similar in both groups,but Group A had shorter incision length(P<0.01)compared with Group B.There were no significant differences between the two groups in JOA scores,upper limb VAS and postoperative NDI,and even in postoperative intervertebral height,functional segment height and cervical lordosis recovery.Conclusion The zero-notch interbody fusion device is effective for treating long-segment cervical spondylosis.Compared with the traditional titanium plate combined with an interbody fusion device,it can avoid postoperative dysphagia with smaller incision and shorter surgery time,which makes it more suitable for elderly patients.

BACKGROUND:The patient underwent multiple hypoproteinemia after total hip arthroplasty,which affected postoperative healing and rehabilitation.OBJECTIVE:To investigate and screen the risk factors for hypoproteinemia after total hip arthroplasty,and to establish a nomogram prediction model so as to provide guidance for judging whether hypoproteinemia occurs after total hip arthroplasty.METHODS:A total of 355 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty were included,and according to whether hypoproteinemia occurred on the first day after surgery,they were divided into 238 cases in the hypoproteinemia group and 117 cases in the normal group,with a hypoproteinemia rate of 67％.Data were collected,including age,gender,diabetes mellitus,hypertension,hyperuricemia,hyperlipidemia,anesthesia method,preoperative leukocytes,preoperative erythrocytes,preoperative hemoglobin,preoperative platelets,preoperative plasma prothrombin time,preoperative activated partial prothrombin time,preoperative international normalized ratio,preoperative thrombin time,preoperative fibrinogen,preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate,preoperative C-reactive protein,preoperative D-dimer,preoperative mean corpuscular hemoglobin content,preoperative mean corpuscular volume,operation time,body mass index,preoperative procalcitonin,and preoperative hematocrit.SPSS 27.0 software was used for univariate analysis,followed by R language(4.3.1)to perform least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and 10-fold cross-validation of the observation indicators to obtain the intersection of the two risk factors.SPSS 27.0 software was used to perform multivariate binary logistic regression to obtain the final risk factors.The prediction model of hypoproteinemia after total hip arthroplasty was constructed by R language.The receiver operating characteristic curve,calibration curve,and clinical decision curve were constructed to assess the predictive model predictive ability.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Univariate analysis,least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression,and multivariate logistic regression were used to screen out significant differences in age(OR=1.024,P=0.023),preoperative platelets(OR=0.995,P=0.028),and preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate(OR=1.031,P=0.045)in judging whether hypoproteinemia would occur after surgery(P＜0.05).(2)The nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the final risk factors screened by multivariate Logistic regression,and the prediction ability of the model was evaluated by constructing the receiver operating characteristic curve,and the area under the calculated receiver operating characteristic curve reached 0.835(95％CI=0.779-0.891),C-index=0.835.A threshold of 0-0.83 could bring better clinical efficacy calculated by the decision curve analysis.The model has good sensitivity and accuracy,which can better identify the risk of postoperative hypoproteinemia for medical staff and patients before total hip arthroplasty.

Objective To investigate the effects of indirect moxibustion on the expressions of DNA methyltransferases(DNMT)and methylation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)promoter region in uterine tissues of rats with primary dysmenorrhea(PD);To explore the mechanism of epigenetic regulation of indirect moxibustion on PD model rats.Methods A total of 32 female SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,indirect moxibustion group and Western medicine group,with 8 rats in each group.The PD model with cold dampness stagnation syndrome was established using ice-water baths combined with estradiol benzoate and oxytocin.Starting from the first day of modeling,the indirect moxibustion group received salt-partitioned moxibustion at"Shenque"and ginger-partitioned moxibustion at"Guanyuan"for 20 min,while the Western medicine group was gavaged ibuprofen solution.Both interventions were given once a day for 10 days.On day 11,writhing responses were observed and scored after oxytocin injection,Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect protein and mRNA expression of BDNF,DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue,immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the positive expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue.The DNA methylation of BDNF promoter region in uterine tissue was detected by sulfite sequencing.Results Compared with the blank group,the writhing latency was shortened and the writhing score increased in the model group(P<0.01);the protein and mRNA expressions of BDNF,DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue increased(P<0.01),the positive expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B increased(P<0.01),and the DNA methylation rate in BDNF promoter region decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the writhing latency was lengthened and the writhing score decreased in the indirect moxibustion group and Western medicine group(P<0.05,P<0.01);the protein and mRNA expressions of BDNF,DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),the positive expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B decreased(P<0.01),and the DNA methylation rate in BDNF promoter region increased(P<0.01).Conclusion Indirect moxibustion at"Shenque"and"Guanyuan"may inhibit the transcription of BDNF by increasing the DNA methylation level of BDNF promoter region,and reduce the expression of BDNF,so as to relieve the pain of PD rats.

Objective:To verify the feasibility of using Elekta accelerated go live (AGL) standard process for the acceptance of multiple accelerators.Methods:The beams of three accelerators were adjusted by PTW Beamscan three-dimensional water tank to reach the AGL standard. Dose verification was performed for three accelerators that met AGL standards. A simple field test example from Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences was used to compare the MapCheck 3 surface dose measurement results with the surface dose calculated by the same accelerator model. Images of 10 patients including head and neck, esophagus, breast, lung and rectum were randomly selected. volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment techniques were used for planning design, and the measured dose of ArcCheck was compared with the planned dose calculated by the same accelerator model. One-way ANOVA was used to statistically analyze the passing rates of two-dimensional and three-dimensional dose verification.Results:The 6 MV X-ray percentage depth dose at 10 cm underwater (PDD 10) of three accelerators was 67.45%, 67.36%, 67.47%, and the maximum deviation between the three accelerators was 0.11%. The 6 MV flattenting filter free (FFF) mode X-ray PDD 10 was 67.33%, 67.20%, 67.20%, and the maximum deviation between the three accelerators was 0.13%. All required discrete point doses on each energy 30 cm×30 cm Profile spindle of the three accelerator X-rays deviated less than ±1% from the standard data. Absolute γ analysis was performed on the results of MapCheck 3 two-dimensional dose matrix validation. Under the 10% threshold of 2 mm/3% standard, the average passing rate of the test cases in Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences was above 99%, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Absolute γ analysis was performed on the ArcCheck verification results. Under the 10% threshold, the pass rate of 2 mm/3% was all above 95%, the maximum average passing rate of the three accelerators with different energy and different treatment techniques was 0.28% (6 MV, VMAT), 0.19%(6 MV FFF, VMAT), 0.56% (6 MV, IMRT) and 0.05% (6 MV FFF, IMRT), and the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Compared with traditional accelerator acceptance process, the acceptance time of each accelerator is shortened by 4-6 weeks by using the AGL standard process, and the radiotherapy plan of patients can be interchangeably executed among different accelerators.

Objective:To investigate the effect of microwave on human adenovirus type 2 (HAdV-2) capsid protein in simulated infectious wastes.Methods:Droplets of HAdV-2 virus suspension were added to medical disposable gloves to simulate infectious waste, irradiated under different microwave conditions, the temperature change was recorded, and the irradiated viral supernatant was treated with Dnase I and detected by PCR and qPCR to determine the effect of microwave on the integrity of the viral capsid. ELISA was used to detect the effect of microwave irradiation on the structure of viral hexon protein. The virus was treated alone at the highest temperature during microwave irradiation to investigate whether there were non-thermal effects during microwave disinfection.Results:The maximum temperature during microwave irradiation was 76 ℃, and the PCR and qPCR result showed that Dnase I could significantly damage the viral nucleic acid after microwave irradiation, while the virus control group and heat treatment group were not significantly affected, indicating that microwave irradiation could destroy the integrity of the viral capsid. The result of ELISA showed that microwave irradiation could significantly weaken the binding ability of Hexon protein and antibody, and the result of heat treatment group were similar.Conclusions:Microwave irradiation can destroy the integrity of the HAdV-2 capsid and the structure of Hexon protein, in which the damage to the integrity of the capsid is mainly due to non-thermal effects, and the structural changes of hexon protein are mainly due to thermal effects.