Syringa pinnatifolia, belonging to the family Oleaceae, is a species endemic to China. It is predominantly distributed in the Helan Mountains region of Inner Mongolia and Ningxia of China. The peeled roots, stems, and thick branches have been used as a distinctive Mongolian medicinal material known as "Shan-chen-xiang", which has effects such as suppressing "khii", clearing heat, and relieving pain and is employed for the treatment of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases and joint pain. Over the past five years, significant increase was achieved in research on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects. There were a total of 130 new constituents reported, covering sesquiterpenoids, lignans, and alkaloids. Its effects of anti-myocardial ischemia, anti-cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, sedation, and analgesia were revealed, and the mechanisms of agarwood formation were also investigated. To better understand its medical value and potential of clinical application, this review updates the research progress in recent five years focusing on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of S. pinnatifolia, providing reference for subsequent research on active ingredient and support for its innovative application in modern medicine system.
Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Animals ; Syringa/chemistry*

Motor imagery (MI) is a mental process that can be recognized by electroencephalography (EEG) without actual movement. It has significant research value and application potential in the field of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology. To address the challenges posed by the non-stationary nature and low signal-to-noise ratio of MI-EEG signals, this study proposed a Riemannian spatial filtering and domain adaptation (RSFDA) method for improving the accuracy and efficiency of cross-session MI-BCI classification tasks. The approach addressed the issue of inconsistent data distribution between source and target domains through a multi-module collaborative framework, which enhanced the generalization capability of cross-session MI-EEG classification models. Comparative experiments were conducted on three public datasets to evaluate RSFDA against eight existing methods in terms of classification accuracy and computational efficiency. The experimental results demonstrated that RSFDA achieved an average classification accuracy of 79.37%, outperforming the state-of-the-art deep learning method Tensor-CSPNet (76.46%) by 2.91% ( P < 0.01). Furthermore, the proposed method showed significantly lower computational costs, requiring only approximately 3 minutes of average training time compared to Tensor-CSPNet's 25 minutes, representing a reduction of 22 minutes. These findings indicate that the RSFDA method demonstrates superior performance in cross-session MI-EEG classification tasks by effectively balancing accuracy and efficiency. However, its applicability in complex transfer learning scenarios remains to be further investigated.
Electroencephalography/methods* ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Humans ; Imagination/physiology* ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Movement/physiology* ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Deep Learning ; Algorithms

With the growing emphasis on maternal and child oral health, the significance of managing oral health across preconception, pregnancy, and infancy stages has become increasingly apparent. Oral health challenges extend beyond affecting maternal well-being, exerting profound influences on fetal and neonatal oral development as well as immune system maturation. This expert consensus paper, developed using a modified Delphi method, reviews current research and provides recommendations on maternal and child oral health management. It underscores the critical role of comprehensive oral assessments prior to conception, diligent oral health management throughout pregnancy, and meticulous oral hygiene practices during infancy. Effective strategies should be seamlessly integrated across the life course, encompassing preconception oral assessments, systematic dental care during pregnancy, and routine infant oral hygiene. Collaborative efforts among pediatric dentists, maternal and child health workers, and obstetricians are crucial to improving outcomes and fostering clinical research, contributing to evidence-based health management strategies.
Humans ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Infant ; Consensus ; Mouth Diseases/therapy* ; Pregnancy Complications/therapy* ; Oral Health ; Infant, Newborn ; Delphi Technique ; Oral Hygiene

During the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Korean Cancer Association, articles published in Cancer Research and Treatment from 2004 to 2023 were assessed based on the subject and design of each study. Based on this analysis, trends in domestic cancer research were inferred and directions were suggested for the future development of Cancer Research and Treatment.

BACKGROUND:The specific molecular mechanisms underlying common degenerative bone diseases,such as osteoarthritis,osteoporosis,and intervertebral disc degeneration,are currently unclear and may involve endoplasmic reticulum stress.At present,research on the systematic role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathogenesis of these common skeletal diseases and related therapeutic progress is relatively limited. OBJECTIVE:To review the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in common degenerative bone diseases,explore the molecular mechanisms of these diseases in depth,and provide new ideas and perspectives for prevention and treatment of these diseases. METHODS:Relevant literature from 2000 to 2024 was searched in CNKI,WanFang,VIP,PubMed and Web of Science databases using the search terms of"endoplasmic reticulum stress,bone disease,unfolded protein response,osteoarthritis,osteoporosis,intervertebral disc degeneration,autophagy,apoptosis,ferroptosis,pyroptosis"in Chinese and English.After removal of duplicates and older literature,a total of 115 articles met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Endoplasmic reticulum stress has a dual effect in regulating cell physiology.Mild endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes osteogenic differentiation and extracellular matrix synthesis;however,persistent excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress leads to cell death.Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell autophagy and apoptosis are closely related to osteoarthritis,osteoporosis,and intervertebral disc degeneration.Aging,drug side effects,metabolic disorders,calcium imbalance,poor lifestyle habits and other reasons may lead to long-term activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress,which causes bone remodeling disorders,cartilage damage,nucleus pulposus cell death and other pathological manifestations,ultimately leading to the occurrence of osteoarthritis,osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration.Intervention in the relevant mechanisms triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress is expected to play a role in the prevention and treatment of common degenerative bone diseases,such as osteoarthritis,osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration.

During the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Korean Cancer Association, articles published in Cancer Research and Treatment from 2004 to 2023 were assessed based on the subject and design of each study. Based on this analysis, trends in domestic cancer research were inferred and directions were suggested for the future development of Cancer Research and Treatment.

During the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Korean Cancer Association, articles published in Cancer Research and Treatment from 2004 to 2023 were assessed based on the subject and design of each study. Based on this analysis, trends in domestic cancer research were inferred and directions were suggested for the future development of Cancer Research and Treatment.

Objective: To design HBV DNA proficiency testing and system comparison samples with different concentration gradients, analyze their detection results in PCR detection systems, evaluate the nucleic acid detection capabilities of laboratories and differences between detection systems, and put forward suggestions for continuous quality improvement to participating laboratories. Methods: Three groups of randomly numbered proficiency testing samples (with HBV DNA reference concentrations of <2, 7.5, and 30 IU/mL respectively) were taken as the detection objects. Using nucleic acid test data from 11 provincial blood station laboratories as the source, the samples were grouped by detection system and laboratory successively, and statistical analysis was conducted. Results: Statistical analysis of the detection data of the three groups of samples based on detection systems and laboratories showed that from low to high concentration, the coincidence rate between the detection results of different detection systems and laboratories and the expected results showed an increasing trend: 38.89%, 85.90%, and 100.00%; the same system exhibited certain differences in performance among different laboratories. Conclusion: Through this proficiency testing and system comparison, it is found that there are certain differences in the detection capabilities of different laboratories and different nucleic acid test systems. Blood station laboratories should standardize processes, strengthen quality management and data analysis on the basis of being familiar with the detection performance of their detection systems, and at the same time strengthen the control of laboratory interference factors to continuously improve the nucleic acid detection capabilities of blood station laboratories.

Total-body PET/CT, with its long axial field of view and high sensitivity detector, has shown potential for reducing the dose of radiopharmaceuticals. However, pediatric patients are significantly more sensitive to radiation and have a higher long-term cancer risk than adults, posing fundamental challenges for dose management in PET/CT examinations for these patients. In this article, the technical characteristics of total-body PET/CT and its radiation exposure status in children were systematically analyzed. The radiation exposure could be controlled by the following optimization strategies: adjusting the CT exposure parameters, optimizing the scanning mode, adding reconstruction algorithm, and reducing the injected dose of radioactive tracer. By addressing both external and internal radiation during the PET/CT scanning process, the overall radiation dose received by pediatric patients can be reduced within a certain range. In addition, this article also discusses the technical differences between “total-body” and “whole-body” concepts, and emphasizes that the future optimization of radiation dose in pediatric PET/CT should be realized by integration of personalized scanning protocols. Through reasonable management of scanning protocols and processes, low-dose and high-quality PET/CT imaging can be achieved in clinical environments, thus maximizing protection of pediatric patient health while minimizing the risks associated with ionizing radiation exposure.

Objective　To investigate the expression of neutrophil elastase (ELANE) mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) under different infection states of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), and analyze the feasibility of ELANE as a diagnostic marker for MTB infection. Methods　PBMCs were isolated from peripheral blood of active tuberculosis patients (ATB), latent infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (LTBI) and healthy control (HC) Luanzhou People's Hospital, Hebei Province, February-November 2023 and cell RNA was extracted. After reversing into cDNA, the difference of ELANE mRNA level in PBMCs in each group was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The whole cell lysate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv was used to stimulate PBMCs in each group, and total RNA was extracted. Fluorescence quantitative PCR was also used to detect the expression differences of ELANE gene before and after cell stimulation in each group; these expression differences were analyzed for identifying the feasibility of ATB. Results　The expression of ELANE gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ATB patients was significantly higher than that of LTBI and healthy individuals (t=4.550, P<0.001; t=4.540, P<0.001). ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve for ELANE differential diagnosis of ATB and LTBI, ATB and HC were 0.802 and 0.805, respectively. H37Rv whole cell lysate can upregulate the expression of ELANE gene in PBMCs of ATB patients, with a significant difference before and after stimulation (t=4.717, P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in ELANE gene expression in PBMCs of LTBI and HC populations before and after H37Rv bacterial lysate stimulation. Conclusion 　Compared with LTBI and healthy individuals, the expression level of ELANE mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ATB was significantly upregulated; After stimulation with MTB whole cell lysate antigen, the expression level of ELANE in PBMCs of ATB population significantly increased. ELANE can serve as a diagnostic biomarker for active pulmonary tuberculosis to differentiate ATB from LTBI and healthy individuals.