Traditional Chinese medicine of Polygonum cuspidatum has been utilized in China for thousands of years. Its primary active compound, polydatin, exhibits a variety of pharmacological effects including the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, suppression of cough and asthma, as well as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, conventional methods for polydatin production are inadequate to satisfy the market demand. This study aims to explore the green and efficient preparation of polydatin. With resveratrol as the substrate, we efficiently synthesized polydatin by using the triple mutant IGW (Y14I/I62G/M315W) of the glycosyltransferase UGT_BS based on a strategy of two-enzyme coupled with one-pot and realized the recycling of uridine diphosphate-glucose (UDPG). The conditions of the two-enzyme reaction were optimized. Under the conditions of 35 ℃, pH 8.0, IGW: AtSuSy1 activity ratio of 3:4, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) volume fraction of 5%, uridine diphosphate (UDP) concentration of 0.10 mmol/L, and sucrose concentration of 0.6 mol/L, the conversion of 2 mmol/L resveratrol reached 80.6% within 1 h, and the proportion of polydatin was over 90%. This study achieved the recycling of UDPG via a two-enzyme coupling system and shortened the reaction time. At the same time, the fed-batch strategy was adopted, and the yield of polydatin reached 6.28 g/L after 24 h in the one-pot coupling reaction, which provided a new strategy for green and efficient preparation of polydatin.
Stilbenes/chemistry* ; Glucosides/biosynthesis* ; Resveratrol ; Fallopia japonica/chemistry* ; Glycosyltransferases/genetics*

Objective To observe the value of susceptibility weighted imaging(SWI)based on 5.0T MRI for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)complicated with vein tumor thrombi.Methods Totally 63 HCC patients were retrospectively enrolled,among them 17 complicated with vein tumor thrombi.The efficacy of 5.0T SWI for detecting vein tumor thrombus was observed,and the image quality were compared between 5.0T and 3.0T.Results 5.0T SWI displayed vein tumor thrombi in 16 cases,except for 1 case with vein tumor thrombi in the upper segment of the left lateral lobe of the left portal vein.The liver edge score,overall image quality score,signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of portal venous phase and hepatobiliary phase in 5.0T enhanced MRI were all higher than those in 3.0T(all P＜0.05).Conclusion 5.0T SWI was helpful for diagnosing HCC complicated with vein tumor thrombi.

Histone lysine methyltransferases (HKMTs) deposit methyl groups onto lysine residues on histones and play important roles in regulating chromatin structure and gene expression. The structures and functions of HKMTs have been extensively investigated in recent decades, significantly advancing our understanding of the dynamic regulation of histone methylation. Here, we review the recent progress in structural studies of representative HKMTs in complex with nucleosomes (H3K4, H3K27, H3K36, H3K79, and H4K20 methyltransferases), with emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of nucleosome recognition and trans-histone crosstalk by these HKMTs. These structural studies inform HKMTs' roles in tumorigenesis and provide the foundations for developing new therapeutic approaches targeting HKMTs in cancers.
Nucleosomes ; Histones/metabolism* ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/metabolism* ; Lysine/metabolism* ; Methyltransferases/metabolism* ; Methylation

Objective:To evaluate the short-term precision and accuracy of bone mineral density (BMD) measured with quantitative CT (QCT) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in multi-centre clinical research with a European spine phantom (ESP).Methods:From January 2016 to April 2020, totally 40 CT scanners (12 Siemens from Germany, 12 Philips from Netherlands, 9 GE from US, 5 Toshiba from Japan, 2 United Imaging from China) and 53 DXA instruments (34 GE Lunar from US, 14 Hologic from US, 5 Medlink from France) used in multi-centre in China were enrolled. The CT equipment came from 31 centers and DXA equipment from 32 centers.Using Mindways QCT software, the ESP was scanned 10 times on each instrument with repositioning using standardized spine protocols with QCT and DXA. The BMD value of the three lumbar vertebrae with low, medium, high density and the mean BMD value were measured. Accuracy was assessed by comparing BMD values measured on each device with the actual value of the phantom. Short-term precision was calculated as the root-mean-square standard deviation (RMS-SD) and root-mean-square standard deviation coefficient of variation (RMS-%CV) for the repeated measurements. The repeated measures variance analysis was used to compare the differences in BMD between different devices.Results:The differences in BMD values were statistically significant among different CT and DXA devices.The ranges of the accuracy measured by different QCT devices were 1.20% to 7.60% for Siemens, -1.83% to 0.20% for Philips, 1.18% to 13.20% for GE, -0.12% to 3.55% for Toshiba, -1.65% to 6.32% for United Imaging, 6.59% to 21.34% for GE Lunar, -6.65% to 5.45% for Hologic, and -6.97% to -0.68% for Medlink, respectively. The RMS-%CV of all vertebral BMD values measured by QCT and DXA ranged from 0.38% to 3.85%. The RMS-SD of QCT was 0.54 to 2.45 mg/cm 3, of DXA was 0.009 to 0.037 g/cm 2. The RMS-%CV values of each vertebral body measured by different QCT and DXA devices decreased with the increase of BMD, while the RMS-SD values showed the opposite tendency. Conclusions:Based on ESP, the QCT and DXA devices have significant differences in lumbar spine BMD measurement. Comparing the measurement results among different devices requires cross-calibration. Overall, the accuracy and short-term precision are within a reasonable range, which can be used for clinical follow-up observation. The short-term precision error and accuracy error range of QCT in evaluating the density of ESP were slightly smaller than those of DXA.

Objective To evaluate the value of energy spectrum CT with multimodal quantitative parameters in diagnosis of the metastatic lymph nodes of gastric adenocarcinoma compared with the conventional CT.Methods 37 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma diagnosed by gastroscopy underwent enhanced CT scan with gemstone spectral imaging mode.We positioned and marked the stomach lymph nodes on CT images and compared with postoperative pathologic results one to one.ROC was used to identify the critical quantitative index of energy spectrum CT in distinguishing the metastasis from benign lymph node,and to evaluate the diagnostic effect compared with CT features.Results The 40-80 keV single energy spectrum curve slope (λHU )and normalized iodine concentration (NIC)in metastasis group were lower than those in the benign one in the arterial phase with statistical differences (P <0.05 ),but without statistical differences in venous phase.The combination of arterialλHU and NIC showed significant advantages compared with CT features(P <0.01), with the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of 84.3% vs 61.4 %,88.4% vs 81.3 % and 86.8% vs 73.6 %.Conclusion The energy spectrum CT can provide quantitative analysis for differential diagnosis of gastric cancer metastasis from benign lymph nodes,and significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of lymph node metastasis of the cancer.

Objective To investigate the feasibility with low dose contrast agent in patients undergoing peripheral magnetic resonance angiography with high spatial resolution at open-bore 3 T scanner. Methods Images of MRA were assessed separately by two radiologists. And the images of DSA were assessed by one radiologist. The degree of the two interobservers' consensus for detection of arterial stenosis was determined by calculating the Kappa coef-ficient. Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used for revealing the relationship between contrast-enhanced MR angiography and DSA,in terms of categories of stenosis. Results For the degree of vessel stenosis, Cohen' s statis-tics revealed excellent agreement between the two observers. There was a significant correlation between DSA and MRA(P<0. 05). Conclusion At this open-bore 3 T scanner, high spatial resolution peripheral magnetic reso-nance angiography is achieved with low dose contrast agent.

Objective To investigate the frequent species of pathogenic bacteria causing infections in burn patients and their re‐sistance to commonly used antibacterial agents ,so as to provide references for rational use of antibacterials in clinic .Methods The distribution and drug susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria isolated from secretions of wound surfaces of 140 cases of burn patients from January 2012 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed .Results A total of 152 strains of pathogenic bacteria were iso‐lated .The gram‐negative bacteria accounted for 59 .2% ,in which Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Proteus mirabilis and Acinetobacter bau‐mannii were the most common isolates ;the gram‐positive bacteria accounted for 34 .2% ,in which Staphylococcus aures ,Staphylo‐coccus haemolyticus and Enterococcus faecalis were the most common isolates ;and fungi were accounted for 6 .6% .A majority of these isolates were multiple resistant to the antibacterial agents .Conclusion Culturing ,identifing and carring out drug‐sensitivity test of pathogenic bacteria isolated from burn patients could provide basis for rational application of antibacterial agents and effec‐tive control of infection .

Objective The new method of re-evaluation of drugs in bowel preparation , to explore an effective bowel preparation medication and measures to improve the success rate of colonoscopy and treatment . Methods Between January 2011 and December 2012 , 85 simple colon polyps patients were recruited . According to the principles of self-control design , cases were received 3 times of colonoscopy , and they were divided into 3 groups according to the bowel preparation medication: group A ( 20% Oral Mannitol group ) , group B ( oral 50%magnesium sulfate group ) , group C ( orally taken Senna group ) .3 groups of patients after intestinal cleanliness were investigated with Boston bowel preparation scale .Results PPBS scores after left colon, transverse colon, right colonand the entire colon intestinal cleansing effects of the three groups , while the differences were no statistically different ( H =1.103, 1.377, 0.179, 0.160, respectively;P >0.05 ). Conclusions Oral administration of 20%mannitol,50%magnesium sulfate, and senna bowel cleansing has no significantly difference in bowel cleansing . Care and health education are important factors for intestinal cleansing of bowel preparation .

OBJECTIVETo observe the serological features of hepatitis G virus (HGV or GBV) in selected population of Shaanxi, Qinghai and Xinjiang Provinces (region).

METHODSEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine IgG antibody against GBV (anti-GBV IgG) in serum specimens of 1469 individuals from the 3 provinces (region).

RESULTSThe positivity rate of serum GBV-IgG antibody in ethnic minorities (4.11% in Tibetan, 5.36% in Mongolian, 4.55% in Uigur, 4.00% in Hui population) was slightly higher than that in Han population (1.36%-1.73%), but the differences were not significant (P>0.05). The positivity rate of serum GBV-IgG antibody in drug abusers (11.30%, 34/301) was remarkably higher than that of the normal population (2.44%,18/736) (P<0.01). The positivity rate of serum GBV-IgG antibody in blood donors was 1.02%-7.68%.

CONCLUSIONSThe positivity rates of serum GBV-IgG antibody among ethnic groups in the 3 provinces (region) had no significant differences; blood-borne transmission seemed to be an important transmission route of GBV, therefore supervision of blood donors and drug abusers should be intensified.

Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Blood Donors ; China ; epidemiology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Flaviviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; transmission ; GB virus C ; immunology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; epidemiology ; transmission ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Substance-Related Disorders ; virology

Objective To study the changes of AKP activity and its cytochemistry position during liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy. Methods Using colorimetry to analyze AKP activity; using non-denatured electrophoresis technique to analyze the kinds and activity of AKP; using electron microscope cytochemistry to analyze its position. Results During liver regeneration, AKP activity had two peaks at 16*!h and 19*!h and followed by decline dramatically; Three hepatic-derived AKP isoenzymes were detected, and 180*!kD AKP appeared only in liver regeneration; AKP appeared in different part with the process of liver regeneraion.Conclusion AKP plays an important role in liver regeneration and it may involve in cell metabolism, material transportation, DNA synthesis and cell differentation.