Objective:To design a special device for limiting position of boat-shape headrest of breast brackets,and explore its application value in radiotherapy post-radical mastectomy.Methods:1 cm plex glass plate was cut as T-shape base plate,and the top of the T-shape base plate was drilled to obtain four holes for limiting position.A 2 mm acrylic plate was cut as horse hoof-shape and strip-shape pieces for limiting position,which were adhered respectively to the top and bottom of the T-shape base plate to form a boat-shape headrest with groove structure for limiting position.Self-made pillars with limiting position were used to connect the T-shape base plate with the backplane of breast bracket,so as to realize rigid connection between conventional boat-shape headrest and breast bracket.A total of 60 female patients who received radiotherapy after radical mastectomy for breast cancer at Changzhou Cancer Hospital during January and December 2023 were selected.They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group(with 30 cases in each group)by using a random number table.The observation group adopted breast bracket combined with self-made boat-shape headrest for limiting position device+boat-shape headrest to conduct fixation,while the control group adopted rotundity headrest of breast bracket to conduct fixation.Both groups adopted hybrid intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT)technique to formulate plan,and the exposure dose was 50Gy/25 fractions,and patients received radiotherapy as 5 times per week,and the treatment course was 5 weeks.Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)was used to conduct verification for position before the first 3 treatments.During the treatment duration between the 2nd and the 5th week,CBCT verification for position was conducted in each week.The positioning error and positioning time on left-right direction(x),head-foot direction(y)and abdomen-back direction(z)at each time between two groups were compared.Results:The positioning errors on x,y,z direction of three dimension at each time in observation group were lower than those in control group,and the differences were significant(Z=-7.666,-11,672,-6.311,P<0.05).The average positioning time at first time and the total average positioning time were respectively(222.4±12.9)s and(212.2±15.1)s in observation group,all of which were lower than(262.9±12.5)s and(254.0±15.7)s in control group,and the differences were significant(t=12.364,27.783,P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of breast bracket and self-made device with boat-shape for limiting position can increase precision and efficiency of positioning,and improve comfort through individually chooses the type of boat-shape headrest,and set the position of headrest,which has favorable clinically application value.

Objective:To design a special device for limiting position of boat-shape headrest of breast brackets,and explore its application value in radiotherapy post-radical mastectomy.Methods:1 cm plex glass plate was cut as T-shape base plate,and the top of the T-shape base plate was drilled to obtain four holes for limiting position.A 2 mm acrylic plate was cut as horse hoof-shape and strip-shape pieces for limiting position,which were adhered respectively to the top and bottom of the T-shape base plate to form a boat-shape headrest with groove structure for limiting position.Self-made pillars with limiting position were used to connect the T-shape base plate with the backplane of breast bracket,so as to realize rigid connection between conventional boat-shape headrest and breast bracket.A total of 60 female patients who received radiotherapy after radical mastectomy for breast cancer at Changzhou Cancer Hospital during January and December 2023 were selected.They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group(with 30 cases in each group)by using a random number table.The observation group adopted breast bracket combined with self-made boat-shape headrest for limiting position device+boat-shape headrest to conduct fixation,while the control group adopted rotundity headrest of breast bracket to conduct fixation.Both groups adopted hybrid intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT)technique to formulate plan,and the exposure dose was 50Gy/25 fractions,and patients received radiotherapy as 5 times per week,and the treatment course was 5 weeks.Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)was used to conduct verification for position before the first 3 treatments.During the treatment duration between the 2nd and the 5th week,CBCT verification for position was conducted in each week.The positioning error and positioning time on left-right direction(x),head-foot direction(y)and abdomen-back direction(z)at each time between two groups were compared.Results:The positioning errors on x,y,z direction of three dimension at each time in observation group were lower than those in control group,and the differences were significant(Z=-7.666,-11,672,-6.311,P<0.05).The average positioning time at first time and the total average positioning time were respectively(222.4±12.9)s and(212.2±15.1)s in observation group,all of which were lower than(262.9±12.5)s and(254.0±15.7)s in control group,and the differences were significant(t=12.364,27.783,P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of breast bracket and self-made device with boat-shape for limiting position can increase precision and efficiency of positioning,and improve comfort through individually chooses the type of boat-shape headrest,and set the position of headrest,which has favorable clinically application value.

Acute leukemias caused by mixed lineage leukemia(MLL)gene rearrangements(MLL-r)are characterized by high invasiveness and a poor prognosis,with few specific treatment options available.MLL protein is essential in embryonic development and hematopoiesis.It exhibits histone methyltransferase activity and can interact with various proteins through its functional domains,thus regulating downstream target gene expression through epigenetic modifications.MLL-r leads to the formation of MLL fusion proteins(MLL-FPs),in which the C-terminal is replaced by fusion partner proteins;over 100 such partner proteins have been identified to date.In numerous studies of the molecular mechanism,Menin serves as an important cofacter in the leukemogenesis of MLL-FPs and participates in forming the key complex when interacting with the N terminal of MLL protein,resulting in the disregulation of certain targeted genes,which makes the development of Menin-MLL inhibitors theoretically possible.To date,several small molecules have been identified that inhibit Menin-MLL interaction,including thienopyrimidine derivatives,piperidine derivatives,pyrimidine derivatives,and macrocyclic mimic peptides.Based on these prototypes,at least seven drugs are currently undergoing clinical evaluation,with some promising preliminary data regarding safety,tolerability,and efficacy.This review summarizes the structure and function of MLL,the mechanism of the occurrence of MLL-r leukemia,and current Menin-MLL inhibitors tested in MLL-r leukemia.

Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP), an abnormal vascular proliferative retinopathy of prematurity, is a serious condition that can lead to retinal detachment or blindness. With the development of neonatal medicine, the survival rate of low birth weight and low gestational age infants has been increasing, as well as the incidence of ROP. Therefore, studying ROP's pathogenesis and influencing factors is of great clinical importance. Numerous studies have been conducted on the risk factors for ROP, including gestational age, oxygen intake, mode of delivery, neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and the use of surfactants. At present, it is widely accepted both at home and abroad that preterm birth, low birth weight, and high oxygen concentration after birth are independent risk factors for ROP. In recent years, more and more scholars have found that abnormalities in blood indicators in preterm infants may be associated with the development of ROP. This article reviews the effects of platelets, haemoglobin, blood glucose, inflammatory cells, and lipids on ROP, providing a reference for identifying and preventing risk factors for ROP.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the accumulation law of saponins during growth in Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara, determine the content of the main saponins in different cultivation years, age groups, cultivation modes and provenances. METHODS The content of 5 kinds saponins(I, II, VI, VII, H) was simultaneous determined by HPLC. RESULTS The total saponins in P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara were mainly composed of saponin VII and H, supplemented by saponin VI, I and II. The content of saponins(I, II, VII) was significantly different among different cultivation years rhizome, while it reached the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 Edition after 6 years old, 8-year-old rhizome was the highest. The saponins(I, II, VII) content in 4a rhizome and 5a rhizome was significant higher than others, and it ranged from 0.354% to 0.765% in different cultivation modes, from high to low as follows: coniferous forest>bamboo forest>broadleaf forest>greenhouse. In different provenances, it ranged from 0.592% to 0.741%, reached the highest level in Qingyuan Baikan, and was slightly lower than the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 Edition in Sanming Fujian. CONCLUSION There are remarkable correlations among saponins accumulation amounts and cultivation years, age groups, cultivation modes and provenances, which can provide reference for the artificial culvication of P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara.

Meibomian gland dysfunction is a chronic and diffuse disease of the meibomian glands, characterized by obstruction and(or)abnormal secretion of the terminal ducts. Clinically, it can lead to tear film abnormalities and inflammation of the ocular surface, resulting in symptoms of ocular irritation and potential corneal damage that may impact visual function. Meibomian gland dysfunction can be classified into two types based on meibomian gland secretion: low secretion type and high secretion type. The low secretion type further includes acinar atrophy type and obstruction type. In recent years, research has revealed that patients with diabetes experience chronic damage to their meibomian gland tissue in the early stages of the disease, leading to structural and functional changes. The incidence and severity of meibomian gland dysfunction are higher in diabetic patients. However, there are numerous complex factors contributing to this condition in diabetes patients, and mechanisms remain unclear at present. This article reviews both domestic and international research progress on the pathological mechanism underlying meibomian gland dysfunction in diabetes.

To adapt to the general educational requirements for military academies to prepare for victory under the new situation, the present paper proposed the overall thought of strengthening the post education for military hygiene through analyzing the main problems and causes existing in the current education, combined with the experience and practice of foreign military post education. Moreover, we combined the current situation and reality of post education in military medical universities, and analyzed the corresponding countermeasures from the aspects of teaching staff, course construction, information construction, teaching method and assessment model, expecting to provide guidance and help for better carrying out the post education of military hygiene in the future.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of an integrated traditional Chinese and Western medication regimen on depression in the elderly.Methods:Sixty elderly patients with depression were randomly divided into two groups.The integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group was treated with an in-house preparation composed of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients plus Escitalopram oxalate for 4 weeks, and the control group was treated with Escitalopram oxalate for 4 weeks.The clinical efficacy was assessed by the Hamilton depression(HAMD)scale.Adverse drug reactions were assessed by the treatment emergent symptoms scale(TESS).Results:After 4 weeks of treatment, HAMD scores in both groups were decreased compared with those before treatment, with a greater reduction in HAMD scores in the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group than in the control group(0.71±4.36 vs. 0.52±3.45, t=2.54, P=0.03). TESS scores were lower in the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group than in the control group after 4 weeks of treatment(8.42±5.30 vs.16.01±7.02, t=3.25, P=0.02). Conclusions:Compared with Western medicine therapy alone, the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medication regimen has better efficacy and fewer adverse drug reactions for the treatment of depression in the elderly.

【Objective】 To develop a new approach for the preparation of 0.7~0.8 hematocrit concentrated washed red blood cells(RBCs) for fetal anemia in utero transfusion and apply it in clinical. 【Methods】 The erythrocyte suspension and frozen stored erythrocytes within expiry date in Guangzhou Blood Center from March 2020 to February 2021 were taken to prepare concentrated washed RBCs. According to the derivation formula, corresponding weight of RBC preservation solution was added to obtain 0.7~0.8 hematocrit concentrated washed RBCs. Routine blood test data were statistically analyzed by single-sample t test, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Qualified Rh-negative/ O-type 0.7~0.8 hematocrit concentrated RBCs within expiry date were used in clinical intrauterine blood transfusion. 【Results】 The hematocrit of concentrated washing RBCs prepared by the new approach could reach 0.7~0.8. The RBCs count (8.389 ±0.808)×1 0¹²/ L and hemoglobin content(233.730±15.498)g/L were higher while the erythrocyte count (0.732±0.469)×10⁹ /L and platelets count(26.000±26.276)×10⁹/L were lower than the normal values of adults. The mean erythrocyte volume(fL), hemoglobin content(pg) and concentration(g/L )were 88.123±6.359, 30.004±2.809 and 339.980±11.865, respectively, which were normal values of adults. Fetal anemia was significantly improved and the prognosis was good after intrauterine blood transfusion. 【Conclusion】 The 0.7~0.8 hematocrit concentrated washed RBCs prepared by the new approach is consistent with the special blood requirements during fetal anaemia transfusion, meets the clinical treatment standards, and can be applied in clinical.

Objective:To investigate the effect of hybrid intensity modulated radiotherapy (Hy-IMRT) on immune function in patients with locally advanced breast cancer surgery and the treatment efficacy.Methods:A total of 94 patients with locally advanced breast cancer who underwent modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer and required postoperative radiotherapy in Changzhou Cancer Hospital in Jiangsu Province from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected. The patients were divided into Hy-IMRT group (observation group, 47 cases) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) group (control group, 47 cases) according to the random number table method. The dose and related radiophysical parameters of the respective target areas of the two groups, adverse reactions during and after radiotherapy, cytokines and T lymphocyte subsets before and after radiotherapy, 3-year local recurrence rate, distant metastasis rate and mortality were observed and compared between the two groups.Results:The dose obtained by 95% (D 95%) [(4 945.6±36.1) Gy vs. (4 754.0±35.6) Gy] and target area conformity (CI) of the target volume (0.7±0.1 vs. 0.5±0.1) in the observation group were greater than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05); the target volume of 110% of the prescription dose (V 110%) [(1.6±0.5) cm 3 vs. (8.4±1.2) cm 3], the target volume of more than 105% of the prescription dose (V 105%) [(19.3±3.5) cm 3 vs. (26.6±5.6) cm 3] and the heterogeneity index (HI) (1.1±0.1 vs. 1.3±0.1) in the observation group were all smaller than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The incidence of acute skin adverse reactions [53.2% (25/47) vs. 74.5% (35/47)] and the incidence of bone marrow suppression [40.4% (19/47) vs. 70.2% (33/47)] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (both P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), CD4 +, CD8 +, and CD4 +/CD8 + between the two groups before radiotherapy (all P > 0.05). At the end of radiotherapy, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α and CD8 + were higher in both groups than before radiotherapy (all P < 0.05), and CD4 + and CD4 +/CD8 + were lower than before radiotherapy (both P < 0.05). The levels of IL-6, TNF-α and CD8 + in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, while the CD4 + and CD4 +/CD8 + were higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). The 3-year local recurrence rate [34.04% (16/47) vs. 42.55% (20/47)], distant metastasis rate [25.53% (12/47) vs. 38.30% (18/47)] and mortality rate [14.89% (7/47) vs. 19.15% (9/47)] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, but the differences were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05). Conclusion:Compared with 3DCRT, the Hy-IMRT has less effect on the immune function of locally advanced breast cancer patients after modified radical resection, and the incidences of acute skin reaction and bone marrow adverse reaction are low.