Stress is a critical inducer in the onset and progression of many chronic diseases. Prolonged or intense stress can disrupt the overall balance between the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems. The resulting biological signals may act on corresponding receptors in the cervical spine region, leading to adverse pathological changes. The vertebral artery and the surrounding muscular and connective tissues are influenced by biomechanical abnormalities and inflammatory cascades associated with cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type (CSA), which promotes the release of various hormones. These hormones, through the neuroendocrine-immune system, affect the central nervous system, inducing or exacerbating negative emotional feedback and thereby establishing a "central-local-central" vicious cycle. This article explores the mechanisms underlying the impact of stress on the key CSA symptoms through the neuroendocrine-immune network (NEI) theory, providing a more comprehensive framework for targeted therapeutic interventions in CSA.
Humans ; Neurosecretory Systems/immunology* ; Spondylosis/etiology* ; Vertebral Artery/immunology* ; Stress, Psychological/complications* ; Chronic Disease

In recent years, the incidence rate of pertussis in China has been steadily increasing, presenting an increasingly severe challenge for disease prevention and control. To strengthen the immune barrier in the population and effectively curb the spread of pertussis, National Disease Control and Prevention Administration of China and other relevant authorities optimized the immunization procedure for diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine, with the new procedure implemented in 2025. This adjustment includes three key measures: advancing the initial dose of the vaccine from 3 months to 2 months of age, extending the interval between primary immunization doses from 1 month to 2 months, and adding an extra dose of acellular diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine at 6 years of age. This article discusses potential changes in the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of pertussis following such adjustments for immunization procedure, and awareness of these changes will facilitate the accurate identification of pertussis cases, which is crucial for evaluating the impact of these adjustments and further optimizing immunization strategies.
Humans ; Whooping Cough/epidemiology* ; Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine/immunology* ; Infant ; Immunization Schedule ; Child

OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical characteristics of rashes induced by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) in children treated for pertussis and to inform safe medication practices. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 238 children diagnosed with pertussis and treated with TMP-SMZ at Wuhu First People's Hospital from January to August 2024. The incidence and clinical features of rashes were summarized. RESULTS: Of 238 children, 34 (14.3%) developed rashes; 19 (55.9%) were boys, and the 5 to <10-year age group accounted for the highest proportion (70.6%, 24/34). A history of allergic disease was present in 50.0% (17/34). Rashes typically appeared on or after day 7 of therapy (82%, 28/34) and were predominantly erythematous or maculopapular eruptions (97%, 33/34); 71% (24/34) were pruritic. Fever occurred in 56% (19/34); among those who were tested for respiratory viruses, 77% (10/13) were positive for viruses such as rhinovirus and adenovirus. After discontinuation of TMP-SMZ, rashes resolved within 3 days in 97% (33/34) of patients (41% within 1 day; 56% within more than 1 but within 3 days). There was no significant difference in rash incidence between photoprotection and non-photoprotection groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS TMP-SMZ for pertussis can induce rashes, particularly in children aged 5 to <10 years. The eruption is usually a pruritic erythematous or maculopapular rash, with over half of cases accompanied by fever and frequent concomitant viral infections. Most rashes resolve within 3 days after drug withdrawal. The potential association between the rash and sun exposure warrants further investigation.
Humans ; Male ; Child, Preschool ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/therapeutic use* ; Child ; Female ; Exanthema/chemically induced* ; Retrospective Studies ; Infant ; Whooping Cough/drug therapy* ; Adolescent

Alzheimer's disease(AD), a neurodegenerative disorder associated with aging, is the most prevalent form of dementia.As the aging population continues to expand, AD presents significant health and caregiving challenges for families and society, making it a pressing international public health concern.In recent years, numerous countries have implemented dementia prevention and treatment strategies that emphasize community-based comprehensive approaches.Currently, the community-based AD prevention and treatment model in China is still in the exploratory phase, with community efforts lacking organization.In alignment with China's action plan for advancing dementia prevention and treatment, and to achieve the strategic objective of "healthy aging, " this consensus is based on the principle of three-level prevention and is tailored to the characteristics of AD disease progression.It aims to develop a comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy for AD that is suitable for communities in China, providing technical guidance and support to establish a scientific basis for formulating community AD prevention and treatment models.

Objective To explore the possibility and genetic identification method of constructing a hepatocyte-specific NLRP3 gene knockout mouse model by using Cre-LoxP system gene knockout technology.Methods Phase one:mice specifically expressing the albumin promoter-Cre(AlbCre)recombinase in hepatocytes were mated with NLRP3flox/flox mice,and the hepatocyte-specific NLRP3 gene knockout mice with the genotype of NLRP3flox/flox/AlbCre+/-(hepatocyte NLRP3 knockout group)and the control mice in the same litter with the genotype of NLRP3flox/flox/AlbCre-/-(control group in the same litter)were obtained after two generations of selection and mating.The second stage was the mass reproduction stage.Mating NLRP3flox/flox/AlbCre+/-target mice with NLRP3flox/flox mice could quickly obtain a large number of experimental target mice and control mice in the same litter.The DNA was extracted from the tails of mice after numbering,and the offspring genotype was identified by PCR.qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of NLRP3 gene in the liver tissue.HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes in liver tissues,and serum liver transaminases and inflammatory factors were detected.The changes in body weight,liver-to-body ratio and special circumstances during reproduction and development of mice in the two groups were observed.Results The offspring genotype of the target mice in the F2 generation was consistent with theoretical result of NLRP3flox/flox/AlbCre+/-.The mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3 in liver tissues of mice in the hepatocyte NLRP3 knockout group were significantly lower than those in the control group in the same litter(P<0.05).The mice in the hepatocyte NLRP3 knockout group was not affected in terms of growth,development and reproduction after the NLRP3 gene knockout.There were no statistically significant differences in the body weight,liver-to-body ratio,liver tissue morphology,serum liver transaminase or inflammatory factors between the hepatocyte NLRP3 knockout group and the control group in the same litter(P>0.05).Conclusion The Cre-LoxP gene knockout technology can be used to successfully construct a hepatocyte-specific NLRP3 gene knockout mouse model,providing an important technical support for the next step of studying the function of the NLRP3 gene in the liver at the animal level.

Alzheimer's disease(AD), a neurodegenerative disorder associated with aging, is the most prevalent form of dementia.As the aging population continues to expand, AD presents significant health and caregiving challenges for families and society, making it a pressing international public health concern.In recent years, numerous countries have implemented dementia prevention and treatment strategies that emphasize community-based comprehensive approaches.Currently, the community-based AD prevention and treatment model in China is still in the exploratory phase, with community efforts lacking organization.In alignment with China's action plan for advancing dementia prevention and treatment, and to achieve the strategic objective of "healthy aging, " this consensus is based on the principle of three-level prevention and is tailored to the characteristics of AD disease progression.It aims to develop a comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy for AD that is suitable for communities in China, providing technical guidance and support to establish a scientific basis for formulating community AD prevention and treatment models.