BACKGROUND: The contraction behaviors of cardiomyocytes (CMs), especially contraction synchrony, are crucial factors reflecting their maturity and response to drugs. A wider field of view helps to observe more pronounced synchrony differences, but the accompanied greater computational load, requiring more computing power or longer computational time. METHODS: We proposed a method that directly correlates variations in optical field brightness with cardiac tissue contraction status (CVB method), based on principles from physics and photometry, for rapid video analysis in wide field of view to obtain contraction parameters, such as period and contraction propagation direction and speed. RESULTS: Through video analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CMs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) cultured on aligned and random nanofiber scaffolds, the CVB method was demonstrated to obtain contraction parameters and quantify the direction and speed of contraction within regions of interest (ROIs) in wide field of view. The CVB method required less computation time compared to one of the contour tracking methods, the LucasKanade (LK) optical flow method, and provided better stability and accuracy in the results. CONCLUSION This method has a smaller computational load, is less affected by motion blur and out-of-focus conditions, and provides a potential tool for accurate and rapid analysis of cardiac tissue contraction synchrony in wide field of view without the need for more powerful hardware.

BACKGROUND: The contraction behaviors of cardiomyocytes (CMs), especially contraction synchrony, are crucial factors reflecting their maturity and response to drugs. A wider field of view helps to observe more pronounced synchrony differences, but the accompanied greater computational load, requiring more computing power or longer computational time. METHODS: We proposed a method that directly correlates variations in optical field brightness with cardiac tissue contraction status (CVB method), based on principles from physics and photometry, for rapid video analysis in wide field of view to obtain contraction parameters, such as period and contraction propagation direction and speed. RESULTS: Through video analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CMs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) cultured on aligned and random nanofiber scaffolds, the CVB method was demonstrated to obtain contraction parameters and quantify the direction and speed of contraction within regions of interest (ROIs) in wide field of view. The CVB method required less computation time compared to one of the contour tracking methods, the LucasKanade (LK) optical flow method, and provided better stability and accuracy in the results. CONCLUSION This method has a smaller computational load, is less affected by motion blur and out-of-focus conditions, and provides a potential tool for accurate and rapid analysis of cardiac tissue contraction synchrony in wide field of view without the need for more powerful hardware.

BACKGROUND: The contraction behaviors of cardiomyocytes (CMs), especially contraction synchrony, are crucial factors reflecting their maturity and response to drugs. A wider field of view helps to observe more pronounced synchrony differences, but the accompanied greater computational load, requiring more computing power or longer computational time. METHODS: We proposed a method that directly correlates variations in optical field brightness with cardiac tissue contraction status (CVB method), based on principles from physics and photometry, for rapid video analysis in wide field of view to obtain contraction parameters, such as period and contraction propagation direction and speed. RESULTS: Through video analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CMs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) cultured on aligned and random nanofiber scaffolds, the CVB method was demonstrated to obtain contraction parameters and quantify the direction and speed of contraction within regions of interest (ROIs) in wide field of view. The CVB method required less computation time compared to one of the contour tracking methods, the LucasKanade (LK) optical flow method, and provided better stability and accuracy in the results. CONCLUSION This method has a smaller computational load, is less affected by motion blur and out-of-focus conditions, and provides a potential tool for accurate and rapid analysis of cardiac tissue contraction synchrony in wide field of view without the need for more powerful hardware.

BACKGROUND: The contraction behaviors of cardiomyocytes (CMs), especially contraction synchrony, are crucial factors reflecting their maturity and response to drugs. A wider field of view helps to observe more pronounced synchrony differences, but the accompanied greater computational load, requiring more computing power or longer computational time. METHODS: We proposed a method that directly correlates variations in optical field brightness with cardiac tissue contraction status (CVB method), based on principles from physics and photometry, for rapid video analysis in wide field of view to obtain contraction parameters, such as period and contraction propagation direction and speed. RESULTS: Through video analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CMs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) cultured on aligned and random nanofiber scaffolds, the CVB method was demonstrated to obtain contraction parameters and quantify the direction and speed of contraction within regions of interest (ROIs) in wide field of view. The CVB method required less computation time compared to one of the contour tracking methods, the LucasKanade (LK) optical flow method, and provided better stability and accuracy in the results. CONCLUSION This method has a smaller computational load, is less affected by motion blur and out-of-focus conditions, and provides a potential tool for accurate and rapid analysis of cardiac tissue contraction synchrony in wide field of view without the need for more powerful hardware.

Objective:To compare the diagnostic efficacy of the added 99Tc m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) SPECT/CT imaging (tomography imaging) after early or delayed planar imaging in different types of hyperparathyroidism, and to seek for the optimal timing of preoperative imaging. Methods:A total of 339 patients (148 males, 191 females, age (52±13) years) with primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism and pathological results from January 2016 to June 2024 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into primary early tomography imaging group ( n=63) and delayed tomography imaging group ( n=47), secondary early tomography imaging group ( n=89) and delayed tomography imaging group ( n=140). χ2 test was used to compare the diagnostic efficacies of early and delayed tomography imaging. Results:The difference of accuracy between primary delayed (98.40%(185/188)) and early tomography imaging (94.84%(239/252)) was statistically significant ( χ2=3.90, P=0.048). There were significant differences in sensitivity (77.29%(405/524) and 85.40%(275/322)), accuracy (75.89%(425/560) and 83.99%(299/356)) and negative predictive value (14.39%(20/139) and 33.80%(24/71)) between secondary delayed and early tomography imaging ( χ2 values: 8.33, 8.61, 10.70, all P<0.01). Conclusion:The optimal timing of preoperative 99Tc m-MIBI SPECT/CT imaging for primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism is after delayed planar imaging and after early planar imaging respectively.

BACKGROUND: The contraction behaviors of cardiomyocytes (CMs), especially contraction synchrony, are crucial factors reflecting their maturity and response to drugs. A wider field of view helps to observe more pronounced synchrony differences, but the accompanied greater computational load, requiring more computing power or longer computational time. METHODS: We proposed a method that directly correlates variations in optical field brightness with cardiac tissue contraction status (CVB method), based on principles from physics and photometry, for rapid video analysis in wide field of view to obtain contraction parameters, such as period and contraction propagation direction and speed. RESULTS: Through video analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CMs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) cultured on aligned and random nanofiber scaffolds, the CVB method was demonstrated to obtain contraction parameters and quantify the direction and speed of contraction within regions of interest (ROIs) in wide field of view. The CVB method required less computation time compared to one of the contour tracking methods, the LucasKanade (LK) optical flow method, and provided better stability and accuracy in the results. CONCLUSION This method has a smaller computational load, is less affected by motion blur and out-of-focus conditions, and provides a potential tool for accurate and rapid analysis of cardiac tissue contraction synchrony in wide field of view without the need for more powerful hardware.

Objective:To understand the clinical characteristics of hypophysitis due to nivolumab and provide reference for the safe use of nivolumab in clinic.Methods:Relevant databases at home and abroad (up to May 31, 2024) were searched and case reports of hypophysitis caused by nivolumab were collected. Relevant information of patients (gender, age, primary disease), single and combined use of nivolumab, occurrence of hypophysitis, causality evaluation, intervention measures and outcomes were extracted and analyzed descriptively and statistically.Results:A total of 56 case reports, 53 in English and 3 in Chinese, were enrolled in the analysis, involving 59 patients, with 40 males and 19 females. Their ages ranged from 26 to 84 years, with an average age of 61 years. The primary diseases were malignant melanoma in 20 cases, renal cell carcinoma in 19 cases, lung cancer in 11 cases, glossopharyngeal cancer in 4 cases, esophageal cancer in 2 cases, and gastric cancer, colon cancer and pleural mesothelioma in 1 case each. Among the 59 patients, 33 were treated with nivolumab monotherapy, 24 with nivolumab and ipilimumab, 1 with nivolumab and anlotinib and 1 with nivolumab and platinum. The average time of hypophysitis caused by nivolumab alone was 25.6 weeks after treatment, and that caused by the combination therapy was 9.9 weeks after treatment. The main clinical manifestations of hypophysitis caused by nivolumab were fatigue, anorexia, headache, and nausea. Among the 59 patients, 56 patients discontinued nivolumab and received glucocorticoid, 20 of whom resumed nivolumab treatment after improvement of clinical symptoms; 3 patients′ situation was not described clearly. The outcomes of the 59 patients were as follows. Four were recovered, 46 were relieved, 2 patients′ pituitary function was not recovered, 4 died, 1 developed secondary autoimmune vasculitis, 1 developed secondary autoimmune hepatitis, and it was unknown in one patient.Conclusions:The average occurrence time of hypophysitis caused by nivolumab monotherapy is longer than that caused by combination therapy. The main clinical manifestations are fatigue, anorexia, headache, etc. After timely discontinuation of medication and symptomatic treatments with glucocorticoid, most patients have a good prognosis, but it can lead to death in severe cases.

Objective:To understand the clinical characteristics of hypophysitis due to nivolumab and provide reference for the safe use of nivolumab in clinic.Methods:Relevant databases at home and abroad (up to May 31, 2024) were searched and case reports of hypophysitis caused by nivolumab were collected. Relevant information of patients (gender, age, primary disease), single and combined use of nivolumab, occurrence of hypophysitis, causality evaluation, intervention measures and outcomes were extracted and analyzed descriptively and statistically.Results:A total of 56 case reports, 53 in English and 3 in Chinese, were enrolled in the analysis, involving 59 patients, with 40 males and 19 females. Their ages ranged from 26 to 84 years, with an average age of 61 years. The primary diseases were malignant melanoma in 20 cases, renal cell carcinoma in 19 cases, lung cancer in 11 cases, glossopharyngeal cancer in 4 cases, esophageal cancer in 2 cases, and gastric cancer, colon cancer and pleural mesothelioma in 1 case each. Among the 59 patients, 33 were treated with nivolumab monotherapy, 24 with nivolumab and ipilimumab, 1 with nivolumab and anlotinib and 1 with nivolumab and platinum. The average time of hypophysitis caused by nivolumab alone was 25.6 weeks after treatment, and that caused by the combination therapy was 9.9 weeks after treatment. The main clinical manifestations of hypophysitis caused by nivolumab were fatigue, anorexia, headache, and nausea. Among the 59 patients, 56 patients discontinued nivolumab and received glucocorticoid, 20 of whom resumed nivolumab treatment after improvement of clinical symptoms; 3 patients′ situation was not described clearly. The outcomes of the 59 patients were as follows. Four were recovered, 46 were relieved, 2 patients′ pituitary function was not recovered, 4 died, 1 developed secondary autoimmune vasculitis, 1 developed secondary autoimmune hepatitis, and it was unknown in one patient.Conclusions:The average occurrence time of hypophysitis caused by nivolumab monotherapy is longer than that caused by combination therapy. The main clinical manifestations are fatigue, anorexia, headache, etc. After timely discontinuation of medication and symptomatic treatments with glucocorticoid, most patients have a good prognosis, but it can lead to death in severe cases.

Objective:To compare the diagnostic efficacy of the added 99Tc m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) SPECT/CT imaging (tomography imaging) after early or delayed planar imaging in different types of hyperparathyroidism, and to seek for the optimal timing of preoperative imaging. Methods:A total of 339 patients (148 males, 191 females, age (52±13) years) with primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism and pathological results from January 2016 to June 2024 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into primary early tomography imaging group ( n=63) and delayed tomography imaging group ( n=47), secondary early tomography imaging group ( n=89) and delayed tomography imaging group ( n=140). χ2 test was used to compare the diagnostic efficacies of early and delayed tomography imaging. Results:The difference of accuracy between primary delayed (98.40%(185/188)) and early tomography imaging (94.84%(239/252)) was statistically significant ( χ2=3.90, P=0.048). There were significant differences in sensitivity (77.29%(405/524) and 85.40%(275/322)), accuracy (75.89%(425/560) and 83.99%(299/356)) and negative predictive value (14.39%(20/139) and 33.80%(24/71)) between secondary delayed and early tomography imaging ( χ2 values: 8.33, 8.61, 10.70, all P<0.01). Conclusion:The optimal timing of preoperative 99Tc m-MIBI SPECT/CT imaging for primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism is after delayed planar imaging and after early planar imaging respectively.

Objective:To design and synthesize 89Zr-deferoxamine(DFO)-G4C2, a novel molecular probe targeting programmed cell death receptor 1(PD-1), and evaluate its in vivo biodistribution and microPET/CT imaging characteristics in tumor-bearing mice. Methods:DFO-G4C2 was prepared by coupling DFO with G4C2, a monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1. The affinity and binding specificity of this amalgamation were subsequently assessed through the implementation of flow cytometry and surface plasmon resonance techniques. The molecular probe 89Zr-DFO-G4C2 was achieved by labeling DFO-G4C2 with the radioisotope 89Zr, and the labeling efficiency and in vitro stability of 89Zr-DFO-G4C2 were determined. Mouse models laden with CT26 colorectal cancer cells expressing PD-1 were established, followed by in vivo biodistribution and microPET/CT imaging studies, to explore the potential clinical value of 89Zr-DFO-G4C2. Additionally, the validity of this molecular probe was verified in 4T1 breast cancer models, affirming its efficacy as an imaging tool across different tumor models. Independent-sample t test was used to analyze the data. Results:DFO-G4C2 exhibited an affinity constant KD of (0.55±0.02) μmol/L, indicating a strong binding affinity. The binding rate to mouse PD-1 protein was determined to be (61.82±8.49)%. The labeling rate of 89Zr-DFO-G4C2 reached a high level of (98.76±0.51)%. Furthermore, the labeling rates in lysate and human serum after 144 h were measured to be (93.07±2.16)% and (83.42±3.21)%, respectively. MicroPET/CT imaging of CT26 tumor-bearing mice injected with 89Zr-DFO-G4C2 showcased pronounced radioactivity uptake in the tumor tissue. At 72 h post-injection, the tumor uptake value reached (10.47±0.34) percentage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g). The tumor uptake observed in the blocked experimental group, wherein an excess of unlabeled antibody was administered, was significantly lower at (6.26±1.03) %ID/g in comparison to the non-blocked group ( t=6.67, P=0.003). The in vivo biodistribution results were consistent with the observed microPET/CT imaging outcomes. MicroPET/CT imaging observations in the 4T1 breast cancer bearing mouse model were analogous to those obtained from the CT26 model. Conclusion:ImmunoPET based on the 89Zr-DFO-G4C2 molecular probe can non-invasively and visually assess the PD-1 expression level of tumors in vivo, and it is expected to be a new molecular imaging technique for immunotherapy monitoring of PD-1 inhibitors.