OBJECTIVE To identify the quality markers （Q-Markers） of Hyssopus cuspidatus against airway remodeling in bronchial asthma （referred to as “asthma”）， an d to provide a reference for the quality control research of H. cuspidatus based on pharmacodynamic activity. METHODS Potential active components and action targets of H. cuspidatus were screened by network pharmacology method. Using human airway smooth muscle cells （HASMCs） as objects， airway remodeling cell model was induced by platelet-derived growth factor-BB （PDGF-BB）； validation test was then performed for anti-asthmatic effects of H. cuspidatus and the potential active components. HPLC method was employed to establish the fingerprints of 14 batches of H. cuspidatus samples， and chemometric analysis was also conducted. Combined with the results of pharmacodynamic experiments and fingerprint analysis， the Q-Markers of H. cuspidatus against airway remodeling in asthma were determined. RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS Network pharmacology analysis showed that the potential active components of H. cuspidatus against asthma might be flavonoids and phenolic acids such as luteolin， quercetin and rosmarinic acid， and the core anti-asthmatic targets were interleukin-6， mitogen-activated protein kinase， etc. In vitro experimental results confirmed that 25， 50， 100 μg/mL of H. cuspidatus ， as well as neochlorogenic acid （80 μmol/L）， acacetin （80 μmol/L）， salvianolic acid B （40 μmol/L） and quercetin-3- O - β -D-glucuronide （80 μmol/L）， significantly reduced the cell viability induced by PDGF-BB， inhibited cell proliferation， migration， and the phosphorylation level of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2， decreased the levels of interleukin-6， tumor necrosis factor-α and reactive oxygen species， and generally arrested cells in the G 0 /G 1 phase （ P ＜0.05）. Fingerprint analysis showed that there were 27 common peaks in the fingerprints of the 14 batches of H. cuspidatus samples， with 15 compounds （including luteolin） identified， and the similarities of fingerprints were all greater than 0.8. The 14 batches of samples could be divided into three categories： S1-S7 as one category， S8-S13 as one category， and S14 as one category. The variable importance in the projection values of rosmarinic acid， chlorogenic acid， caffeic acid， salvigenin， luteolin， ferulic acid， quercetin-3- O - β -D-glucuronide， and the components corresponding to peaks 5 and 8 were greater than 1， indicating they were potential differential markers affecting quality. Integrating network pharmacology， in vitro experimental validation， and chemometric analysis， rosmarinic acid， neochlorogenic acid， caffeic acid， salvigenin， luteolin， ferulic acid， quercetin-3- O - β -D-glucuronide， acacetin， salvianolic acid B and chlorogenic acid may be the Q-Markers of H. cuspidatus against asthma.

Objective: To explore the active components, key targets, and mechanism of action of turnip in alleviating pulmonary fibrosis(PF) based on network pharmacology and animal experiments. Methods: The active components and targets of Brassica rapa L. were screened using the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform database, and PF-related targets were obtained from disease databases such as online mendelian inheritance of man(OMIM) and DrugBank. The intersection targets were used to construct a protein-protein interaction(PPI) network to identify core targets, followed by gene oncology(GO)/Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. In the animal experiments, a bleomycin-induced PF mouse model was established. Pathological changes in lung tissue were evaluated using HE and Masson staining. qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K), and akstrain transforming 1(AKT1), and immunofluorescence staining was used to measure the protein expression of TNF-α, PI3K, and AKT1. Results: The 68 active components identified in Brassica rapa L. may regulate PI3K-Akt signaling pathway by acting on 89 potential targets such as TNF-α and AKT1. The results of animal experiments showed that polysaccharide of Brassica rapa L.(BRPs) could significantly reduce the degree of bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice; HE and Masson staining of lung tissue showed that compared with the model group, the damage of alveolar structure, the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the deposition of collagen fibers in the BRPs treatment group were significantly reduced. Further mechanism studies showed that BRPs could significantly down-regulate the mRNA and protein expression levels of TNF-α, PI3K and AKT1 in lung tissue of pulmonary fibrosis mice. Conclusion Brassica rapa L. can synergistically alleviate pulmonary fibrosis through “multi-component, multi-target and multi-channel” approach; BRPs is one of the main active components, and plays an anti-fibrosis role by inhibiting TNF-α/PI3K Akt signaling pathway.

Virtual reality technology is an emerging technology that integrates multiple disciplines. It has the advantages of immersion, interactivity and imagination, which provides convenience for intelligent nursing in the field of rehabilitation treatment. This paper summarizes the application research of virtual reality technology in patients with kinetophobia, focusing on classification, application mechanism, application status, limitations and future development of virtual reality technology in various diseases of kinetophobia, so as to provide reference and basis for the rehabilitation nursing of patients with kinetophobia based on virtual reality technology in the future.

Objective:To comprehensively analyze the clinical characteristics,classification of causes,treatment methods,and outcomes of pediatric convulsions in the emergency department,providing a scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric convulsions and optimizing emergency management for these cases.Methods:The clinical data of 18 217 children with convulsions in the emergency department of Capital Institute of Pediatrics' Children's Hospital from January 1,2016 to December 31,2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 18 217 children were admitted to the emergency department due to convulsions,accounting for 2.3% of all visits.Among them,58.7% cases were male and 41.3% cases were female,with an average age of (2.00±0.03) years.The main age was 1 to 3 years old (54.2%).Generalized convulsions were the primary type (82.3%),with focal seizures accounting for 17.7%.Most convulsions lasted less than 5 minutes (82.4%),and approximately 55.2% of the patients could self-resolve.Febrile convulsions were the primary cause (69.2%),followed by benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (11.7%) and epilepsy (10.5%).Regarding treatment,54.0% of the children recovered without medication.In the triage system of "three zones and four levels," the usage rate of anticonvulsants in the red zone was 93.1%,with 21.6% requiring combined treatment.After treatment,48.2% of the children returned home,92.2% showed improvement or recovery,and the mortality rate was extremely low at only 0.03%.Conclusion:Febrile convulsions are the main cause of pediatric convulsions in the emergency department,and an efficient triage system play an important role in improving treatment response.Different treatment zones and outcomes vary,providing important reference for optimizing emergency management.

Purpose: The risk stratification of pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has not been standardized. In this study, new risk factors were included to establish a new risk stratification system for ALCL, and its feasibility in clinical practice was explored. Materials and Methods: On the basis of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Berlin–Frankfurt–Munster 95 (NHL-BFM-95) protocol, patients with minimal disseminated disease (MDD), high-risk tumor site (multiple bone, skin, liver, and lung involvement), and small cell/lymphohistiocytic (SC/LH) pathological subtype were enrolled in risk stratification. Patients were treated with a modified NHL-BFM-95 protocol combined with an anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor or vinblastine (VBL). Results: A total of 136 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 8.8 years. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival of the entire cohort were 77.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69.0% to 83.9%) and 92.3% (95% CI, 86.1% to 95.8%), respectively. The 3-year EFS rates of low-risk group (R1), intermediate-risk group (R2), and high-risk group (R3) patients were 100%, 89.5% (95% CI, 76.5% to 95.5%), and 67.9% (95% CI, 55.4% to 77.6%), respectively. The prognosis of patients with MDD (+), stage IV cancer, SC/LH lymphoma, and high-risk sites was poor, and the 3-year EFS rates were 45.3% (95% CI, 68.6% to 19.0%), 65.7% (95% CI, 47.6% to 78.9%), 55.7% (95% CI, 26.2% to 77.5%), and 70.7% (95% CI, 48.6% to 84.6%), respectively. At the end of follow-up, one of the five patients who received maintenance therapy with VBL relapsed, and seven patients receiving anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor maintenance therapy did not experience relapse. Conclusion This study has confirmed the poor prognostic of MDD (+), high-risk site and SC/LH, but patients with SC/LH lymphoma and MDD (+) at diagnosis still need to receive better treatment (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03971305).

Objective: To investigate the immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from the roots of Brassica rapa. Methods: The crude polysaccharide from roots of B. rapa (BRP) was extracted and purified to further investigate the active fraction of BRT for inducing macrophage phagocytosis. Results: Effects on RAW264.7 cells demonstrated that BRP behaved better phagocytic capacity and had potent immunomodulatory activity, including increasing production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and upregulating mRNA levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and TNFα. Furthermore, modulation of macrophage by BRP was indicated to be mediated via the activation of Akt and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Conclusion: The beneficial effects of BRP could be used as an immunotherapeutic adjuvant in treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Objective To detect human parvovirus B19(B19V)DNA in source plasma pools and coagulation factor products and determine its prevalence and the level of contamination .Methods A pair of primers and a probe selected from the highly conserved sequences encoding the non-structural protein(NS1)of B19 were designed and synthesized.With the primer-probe combination ,source plasma pools and four types of coagulation factor products were determined for B 19V DNA by TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR.Results One-hundred and sixteen from 195 (59.49%) source plasma pools contained B19 DNA and concentrations up to 1.35 ×1010 copies/ml were measured.High frequencies of contamination were detected in factor Ⅷ (29 of 31; 93.55%), thrombin (10 of 10; 100%), fibrinogen (6 of 7; 85.71%) and prothrombin complex (8 of 9;88.89%).Conclusion These data show that B19V is a common contaminator in Chinese source plasma pools and coagulation factor products .Thus,B19V screening in Chinese source plasma seems desirable and significant for the safety of plasma derivatives in China .

Objective To establish and evaluate a universal real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(qPCR)method for identifying and quantifying three human parvovirus B 19 ( B19V) genotypes.Methods Firstly, following a bioinformatic analysis of a subset of B19V genomic sequences available in the NCBI nucleotide database ,representative of genotypes 1 to 3,a set of suitable universal primers and TaqMan probes was designed from the NS 1 gene of B19V.Aplasmid was used as a quantitative standard that contained the identical sequence of the B 19 target sequence .An internal control ( IC ) was included to prevent false negative results .Then,serial 1-log dilutions of quantitative standards were prepared and used in the qPCR assays for generation of a standard curve .Finally,the specificity,sensitivity and reproducibility of the assay were assessed.Results A linear relationship of the real-time PCR method for detecting B19V from 1 ×109copies/μl to 1 ×103 copies/μl was observed .The developed qPCR protocols allowed for the detection of genotypes 1 to 3 with a limit of detection ( LOD) of 10 copies/μl.Furthermore, the assay did not amplify other blood-borne viruses.The inter-and intra-assay variability analyses showed good reproducibility of the assay .Conclusion A universal real-time qPCR method for the detection of B19V DNA is established,which will facilitate the diagnosis of B19V infections and the screening of blood and plasma-derived products , thereby improving the viral safety of transfusion and plasma-derived products .

Objective To determine the neuroprotective effect of clonidine on primary cultured cortical neurons in rats exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation ( OGD) injury. Methods Cortical neurons cultured for 8 days were randomly assigned to the three groups: normal control group, model control group, and clonidine pretreatment group. OGD injury model was established by chemical hypoxia and glucose deprivation in incubation liquid for 4 h. Clonidine (1. 0, 3. 0, 10 μmol·L-1 ) was added 24 h before OGD injury. Neuronal injury was evaluated by MTT staining and the release of lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) . Results Under the microscope, primary cultured cortical neurons in normal control group presented great density, round size, smooth edge, and high diopter,The suvival rate of neurons and the percentage of LDH releasing were (100. 00±32. 12)% and (100. 00 ± 37. 51 )%, respectively. After exposure to OGD injury, cortical neurons showed karyopyknosis, incomplete cell membranes, low diopters and a significant reduction in optical density of MTT staining. In addition, the suvival rate of neurons and the percentage of LDH releasing were (53. 61±7. 62)% and (166. 07±9. 65)% separately compared with normal control group. In the group with pretreatment of different concentrations of clonidine (1. 0, 3. 0, 10μmol·L-1), morphological changes induced by OGD injury were significantly reversed and optical density of MTT staining was dose-dependently raised. The percentages of survival neurons much higher than that of model control group were [(67. 53±10. 54)%, (71. 50±9. 79)% and (87. 48±5. 29)%, separately] and the obvious reductions of LDH releasing were [(136. 45±25. 72)%, (130. 92±24. 94)%and (121. 63±32. 68)%, respectively]. Conclusion Clonidine can exert neuroprotection against OGD-induced injury in primary cultured cortical neurons in rats.

ObjectiveTo analyze the serum creatinine level among apparently healthy primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia and explore the distribution of serum creatinine by ethnic,regional,gender and age,and establish the reference interval of serum creatinine in different gender and different age groups of primary and secondary school students.MethodsLargesample clinical epidemiological investigation was applied by two-stage clustering sampling method.Random sample of 2630 primary and secondary school students from 9 to 18-year-old was selected from four district in Inner Mongolia including Hohhot,Wulanchabu,Xilin Gol and Bayan Drow from July 2009 to June 2010.After screening outlier individual,the total of 2614 subjects were enrolled,involving 1288 male and 1326 female subjects,1584 Han and1030 Mongolian.The venous blood was collected and serum was separated.The serum creatinine concentration was measured as soon as possible.Furthermore, creatinine levels of different regions,ethnic,gender and age group were compared by analysis of variance or t-test and that of different group were compared by SNK method.Percentile was used to describe the distribution of serum Cr level of different age groups.The reference interval of serum Cr for primary and secondary school students were established by gender and age (P2.5 -P97.5 ).The curve was smoothed using age-specific percentile ( LMS )curve smoothing method.ResultsThe differences of Cr levels were statistically significant between different regions,ethnic,gender and age groups.The reference intervals of creatinine for 9 - 11,12,13 - 14,15,and 16 - 18 year-old males were 35 - 66,37 - 73,39 - 78,47 - 87 and 49 - 91 μmol/L,respectively.The intervals for 9 - 10,11 - 12,13 - 15,and 16 - 18 year-old females were 32 - 60,34 - 63,38 -73 and 40 -74 μmol/L,respectively.Conclusion The reference intervals of serum creatinine for health primary and secondary school students in the Inner Mongolia is established,which is useful for clinicians,especially pediatricians to judge and assess renal function for 9 to 18 year-old patients.( Chin J Lab Med,2012,35:805-809 )