Objective: To investigate the distribution of pupil diameter and its association with myopia in school age children, providing ideas into the mechanisms of the role of pupil diameter in the onset and development of myopia. Methods: Adopting a combination of stratified cluster random sampling and convenience sampling method, 3 839 children from six schools in Shandong Province were included in September 2021. Pupil diameters distribution was analyzed by age, sex, and myopic status. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between pupil diameter and cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE), as well as axial length (AL) and other variables. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to match myopic and non myopic children at a 1∶1 ratio based on age and sex. A generalized linear model (GLM) was constructed with pupil diameter as the dependent variable to identify independent factors influencing pupil size and its association with myopia. Results: The mean pupil diameter of school age children was (5.77±0.80)mm. Pupil diameter exhibited a significant increasing trend with age ( F =49.34， P trend ＜ 0.01). Myopic children had a significantly larger mean pupil diameter [(6.10±0.73)mm] compared to non myopic children [(5.62±0.79)mm] with a statistically significant difference( t=18.10, P <0.01). Multivariable GLM analysis, adjusted for age, amplitude of accommodation, and uncorrected visual acuity, revealed a negative correlation between pupil diameter and cycloplegic SE (before PSM: β =-0.089, after PSM: β =-0.063, both P ＜0.01). Conclusions Myopic school age children exhibite larger pupil diameters than their non myopic counterparts. Pupil diameter may serve as a potential indicator for monitoring myopia development in school age children.

OBJECTIVE To establish a content determination method for multiple components in Sophora flavescens from different origins and to evaluate its quality by combining with chemometrics. METHODS Thirteen batches （No. K1-K13） of S. flavescens from different origins were selected as test samples. A high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS/MS） method was established to determine the contents of 12 components， including matrine， oxymatrine， betaine， cytisine， N-methylcytisine， sophoridine， genistein， sophoricoside， sophorone， formononetin， sophorolone Ⅰ and norkurarinone in S. flavescens. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Shim-pack GIST-HP C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of methanol （A） and water containing 0.1% formic acid （B）， using gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min， column temperature of 35 ℃， and an injection volume of 3 μL. Mass spectrometry was conducted using an electrospray ionization source with positive and negative ion scanning. Data were collected in segments using the multiple reaction monitoring mode. Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） and grey relational analysis （GRA）methods were employed to compare and comprehensively evaluate the 13 batches of S. flavescens from different origins. RESULTS The methodological validation for the content determination met the relevant regulatory requirements. The contents of the 12 components were 490.66-1 231.00， 11 088.10- 18 021.50， 7.91-25.38， 903.97-1 713.64， 336.08-1 485.54，1 065.33-2 075.50， 27.52-71.80， 109.36-517.83， 6 034.55-10 632.73， 21.26-145.35， 814.84-1 911.32， 1 040.87-3 446.37 μg/g）， respectively. TOPSIS results showed that the top 7 samples in Euclidean distance ranking were K6， K12， K11， K3， K5， K10， K13. The GRA results showed that the top 7 samples in the relative correlation ranking were K12， K11， K10， K6， K13， K5， K3. CONCLUSIONS The established HPLC-MS/MS method is rapid， accurate， highly sensitive， stable and reliable. Combined with chemometrics methods， it can be used for the quality control and evaluation of S. flavescens. The comprehensive quality of samples K3， K5， K6（ from Hebei）， K10（ from Sichuan）， K11-K13（ from Shanxi）， etc. is relatively superior.

Computational approaches, encompassing both physics-based and machine learning (ML) methodologies, have gained substantial traction in drug repurposing efforts targeting specific therapeutic entities. The human dopamine (DA) transporter (hDAT) is the primary therapeutic target of numerous psychiatric medications. However, traditional hDAT-targeting drugs, which interact with the primary binding site, encounter significant limitations, including addictive potential and stimulant effects. In this study, we propose an integrated workflow combining virtual screening based on weighted holistic atom localization and entity shape (WHALES) descriptors with in vitro experimental validation to repurpose novel hDAT-targeting drugs. Initially, WHALES descriptors facilitated a similarity search, employing four benztropine-like atypical inhibitors known to bind hDAT's allosteric site as templates. Consequently, from a compound library of 4,921 marketed and clinically tested drugs, we identified 27 candidate atypical inhibitors. Subsequently, ADMETlab was employed to predict the pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties of these candidates, while induced-fit docking (IFD) was performed to estimate their binding affinities. Six compounds were selected for in vitro assessments of neurotransmitter reuptake inhibitory activities. Among these, three exhibited significant inhibitory potency, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of 0.753 μM, 0.542 μM, and 1.210 μM, respectively. Finally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and end-point binding free energy analyses were conducted to elucidate and confirm the inhibitory mechanisms of the repurposed drugs against hDAT in its inward-open conformation. In conclusion, our study not only identifies promising active compounds as potential atypical inhibitors for novel therapeutic drug development targeting hDAT but also validates the effectiveness of our integrated computational and experimental workflow for drug repurposing.

Ethanol (EtOH) is a common trigger for gastric mucosal diseases, and mitigating oxidative stress is essential for attenuating gastric mucosal damage. Capsaicin (CAP) has been identified as a potential agent to counteract oxidative damage in the gastric mucosa; however, its precise mechanism remains unclear. This study demonstrates that CAP alleviates EtOH-induced gastric mucosal injuries through two primary pathways: by suppressing the chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4)/Src/p47phox axis, thereby reducing oxidative stress, and by inhibiting the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB) p65, resulting in diminished inflammatory responses. These findings elucidate the mechanistic pathways of CAP and provide a theoretical foundation for its potential therapeutic application in the treatment of gastric mucosal injuries.
Ethanol/toxicity* ; Animals ; Gastric Mucosa/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; Capsaicin/pharmacology* ; Male ; NADPH Oxidases/genetics* ; Mice ; Humans ; src-Family Kinases/genetics*

Objective To analyze the situation of blood lipid and blood routine parameters in patients with pneumoconiosis,and construct a column chart diagnostic model to explore their diagnostic value for pneumo-coniosis.Methods A total of 456 patients with pneumoconiosis admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected as the pneu-moconiosis group,while 462 healthy subjects exposed to dust during the same period were chosen as the con-trol group.Serum lipids and blood routine parameters related to pneumoconiosis were measured and compared between two groups.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyzes were conducted to examine ser-um lipids and blood routine parameters associated with pneumoconiosis.A risk prediction model was construc-ted using logistic regression in machine learning,and the diagnostic efficacy of the column chart diagnostic model was evaluated by calculating the C-index through receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and plotting the model calibration curve based on Hosmer Lemeshow goodness of fit.Decision curve analysis(DCA)was used to assess the clinical practicality of the column chart diagnostic model.Results The levels of serum high-density ester protein cholesterol(HDL-C),cholesterol(TC),red blood cell(RBC),hematocrit(HCT),hemoglobin concentration(HGB),lymphocyte number(LYM),and lymphocyte percentage(LYM％)in the pneumoconiosis group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The levels of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR),and systemic immune inflammation index(SII)were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that HDL-C,LYM％,PLR,and SII were independent influencing factors for pneumoconiosis(P＜0.05).A column chart diagnostic model for the occurrence of pneumoconiosis was constructed using HDL-C,TC,LYM％,PLR,and SII as diagnostic factors.The ROC curve C-index of the diagnostic model was 0.84(95％CI:0.81-0.86),with sensitivity for diagnosing pneumoconiosis of 75.29％,specificity of 77.51％,posi-tive predictive value of 83.25％,and negative predictive value of 67.88％.Internal validation was conducted on the constructed column chart diagnostic model,with a validation set ROC curve C-index of 0.84(95％CI:0.80-0.87),sensitivity of 80.91％,specificity of 72.62％,positive diagnostic value of 79.46％,and negative diagnostic value of 74.39％.The calibration positive curve slope of the diagnostic model was close to 1,and in the fit test P＞0.05.DCA analysis showed that the diagnostic model had clinical practical value for risk diag-nosis of pneumoconiosis.Conclusion HDL-C,TC,LYM％,PLR and SII are independent influencing factors for pneumoconiosis.A column chart diagnostic model for the occurrence of pneumoconiosis is successfully constructed based on machine learning principles,and it has been verified to have high diagnostic efficiency.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture of bilateral Yifeng(SJ17)points penetrating Lianquan(RN23)points combined with electromyographic biofeedback therapy(shortened as EMG biofeedback)in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia.Methods A total of 94 cases of patients admitted to the wards and outpatient clinics of Handan Mingren Hospital with a definitive diagnosis of post-stroke dysphagia from April 2022 to May 2023 were selected for the study.The patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method,with 47 cases in each group.Both groups of patients were given basic treatment,the control group was treated with EMG biofeedback,and the observation group was treated with electroacupuncture of bilateral Yifeng points penetrating Lianquan points on the basis of the treatment of the control group.The course of treatment covered four consecutive weeks.After one month of treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated,and the changes in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores and Kubota Water Swallowing Test scores,Standardized Swallowing Assessment(SSA)scores,Functional Oral Intake Scale(FOIS)scores,and Swallowing-Quality of Life(SWAL-QOL)scores before and after treatment were observed in the patients of the two groups.The changes of tongue pressure before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.The safety and the incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups were evaluated.Results(1)The total effective rate was 95.74%(45/47)in the observation group and 76.60%(36/47)in the control group.The efficacy of the observation group was superior to that of the control group,the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores and Kubota Water Swallowing Test scores of the patients in the two groups were improved significantly(P<0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group,the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05).(3)After treatment,SSA and FOIS scores of patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P<0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group,the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05).(4)After treatment,the peak tongue pressure,mean tongue pressure,duration of tongue pressure of the two groups were improved significantly(P<0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group,the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05).(5)After treatment,the quality of life scores of patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P<0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group,the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05).(6)No obvious adverse reactions occurred during the treatment of the two groups of patients,the difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups of patients being not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture of bilateral Yifeng points penetrating Lianquan points combined with EMG biofeedback in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia exerts certain efficacy,which can improve the swallowing function and tongue muscle strength,reduce TCM syndrome scores,and enhance patients'quality of life.

Objective Pre-packaged space scallion pancakes are prone to quality deterioration during storage due to starch retrogradation and lipid oxidation,which affects their food safety and sensory characteristics.Therefore,investigating their quality changes during storage and predicting shelf life are of great significance for ensuring the quality of space food.Methods study conducted accelerated shelf-life tests at(37±1)℃ and(47±1)℃ under simulated spacecraft food storage conditions.Comprehensive analyses were performed,including physicochemical properties(acid value,peroxide value,carbonyl value),microbiological indicators(total bacterial count,coliforms),color parameters(L*,a*,b*,c*,h°),and texture characteristics(hardness,adhesiveness,etc.).XRD and FTIR were employed to verify starch retrogradation and lipid oxidation.Results Physicochemical properties:The acid value gradually decreased and stabilized with prolonged storage.The peroxide value increased rapidly at 37℃and 47℃,with samples stored at 47℃approaching the safety limit(0.25 g/100 g)within 40 days,while the carbonyl value exhibited a decreasing trend.Microbiological indicators:All samples met the requirements of GJB 4992A-2012.No microbial contamination was detected initially,with only minor bacterial growth observed in later stages,and no coliforms were detected throughout the storage period.Color changes:During storage at 20℃,the a*value increased by 91.67%,while b* and c* values showed significant increases.Meanwhile,L* and h° values decreased by 7.42%and 8.75%,respectively.Texture deterioration:Overall texture characteristics declined,and XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed aggravated starch retrogradation.Shelf-life prediction:Correlation analysis identified peroxide value as the key factor.The established prediction model had an error margin of less than 10%,with predicted shelf lives of 236,121,and 57 days at 20℃,37℃,and 47℃,respectively.Conclusion This study reveals the quality change patterns of space scallion pancakes during storage.The established shelf-life prediction model provides theoretical and methodological support for quality monitoring of pre-packaged space foods.

Background The respiratory toxicity of inhaled polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) has been extensively studied since the humidifier disinfectant incident. However, the impacts of inhalation of PHMG on the immune system are not comprehensively studied yet. Objective To explore the effects of inhalation of PHMG disinfectant aerosol on major immune organs and immune cells in mice. Methods Thirty male C57BL/6J mice (6-8 weeks old) were randomly divided into three groups: control, low-dose (0.1 mg·m⁻³ PHMG), and high-dose (1.0 mg·m⁻³ PHMG), with ten mice in each group. The mice were administered by oral-nasal inhalation of PHMG aerosol for 4 h per day, 5 d per week for 4 weeks consecutively. After designed treatment, venous blood was collected from the inner canthus of the eyes of mice and peripheral hematological indicators were measured with a blood analyzer. Then the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the lung, thymus, spleen, and femur were isolated. Lung, thymus, and spleen were weighed and organ coefficients were calculated, and single cell suspensions of thymus, spleen, and bone marrow were prepared to analyze lymphocytes phenotypes and proportions by flow cytometry. Results The body weight of mice in the high-dose group was lower than that of mice in the control group (P<0.01) from the 7th day of inhalation, and decreased by 15.74% compared with that of mice in the control group at the end of inhalation (P<0.01). The lung coefficients of both the low-dose and high-dose groups were higher than that of the control group (P<0.01), the thymus coefficient of mice in the high-dose group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), but the spleen coefficient did not change significantly (P>0.05). Leukocyte count [(1.49±0.22)×10⁹·L⁻¹], lymphocyte count [(0.96±0.36)×10⁹·L⁻¹] and its proportion [(63.13±14.96)%] in the peripheral blood of mice in the high-dose group were lower than those in the control group [(2.69±0.25)×10⁹·L⁻¹, (2.33±0.28)×10⁹·L⁻¹, and (86.23±3.40)%, respectively] (P<0.01), whereas red blood cell count [(12.32±0.46)×10¹²·L⁻¹], hemoglobin count [(175.25±4.65) g·L⁻¹], and hematocrit [(53.55±0.70)%] in the peripheral blood of mice in the high-dose group were higher than those in the control group [(11.11±0.37)×10¹²·L⁻¹, (160.67±4.04) g·L⁻¹, and (45.10±9.75)%, respectively] (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the proportion of CD4+ CD8+ double-positive T cells decreased (P<0.05), the proportions of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells increased (P<0.05), and the amounts of CD8+, CD4+ CD8+, CD4+, and CD4- CD8- cells decreased (P<0.05) in the thymus of mice of the high-dose group, the proportion of CD4+ T cells in the spleen of the high-dose group increased (P<0.05), the proportions and amounts of T cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells in the bone marrow of the high-dose group increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Inhalation of PHMG may cause thymic atrophy, disrupt T-lymphocyte development, and lead to an imbalance in the number of immune cells in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen, suggesting that inhalation of PHMG induces immune dysfunction.

Science and technology evaluation plays an important role in improving the hospital's science and technology innovation capabilities and academic discipline construction.The global Cardiovascular Academic Performance Evaluation(CAPE)system focuses on the development of cardiovascular specialties in hospitals,emphasizing the evaluation of international academic performance of cardiovascular specialties,and delving into the sub-specialty of cardiovascular diseases.CAPE system contributes to pioneering preliminary explorations in literature searching strategies,data standardization,disciplinary definitions and other aspects.

Objective:To investigate the value of radiomics nomogram based on standardized pre-treatment chest enhanced CT in predicting the mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) for patients with lung adenocarcinoma.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on pre-treatment chest enhanced CT images and clinical data of 262 patients from the affiliated hospital of Jining Medical University with pathologically proven primary lung adenocarcinoma who received EGFR gene testing, including EGFR wild type ( n=122) and mutant type ( n=140). The patients were divided into training group ( n=183) and testing group ( n=79) according to a ratio of 7∶3 by stratified sampling method. Standardized pre-processed the images, delineated the ROI and extracted the radiomics features. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was used to reduce the dimension and select key features. The standardized radiomics model, clinical model and the combined model were established by Logistic Regression (LR) machine learning method. Calculated the Rad-score and drew the nomogram. ROC curve and Delong were used to evaluate and compare the predictive performance of different models. Results:23 standardized enhanced CT radiomics features and 4 clinical features were selected. The predictive performance of standardized radiomics model was better than that of non-standardized radiomics model [area under curve (AUC): 0.863 vs. 0.805, t=2.19, P<0.05]. The AUCs of the combined model and standardized radiomics model were higher than that of the clinical model (training group: 0.885, 0.863 vs. 0.774, t=3.57, 2.17, P<0.05; testing group: 0.873, 0.829 vs. 0.763, t=2.19, 2.02, P<0.05). The radiomics nomogram was built based on Rad-score, age, sex, smoking history and BMI. Conclusions:The combined model and standardized radiomics model could effectively predict the mutation status of EGFR gene in lung adenocarcinoma patients before treatment, providing valuable clinical insights.