OBJECTIVE To explore the potential mechanism of anti-HeLa cell of triterpenoids from Inonotus obliquus by network pharmacology, molecular docking and in vivo verification experiments. METHODS Based on literature research and database, the main active components of triterpenoids from Inonotus obliquus were screened, and the active components and HeLa cell intersection targets were found. PPI network was constructed, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were carried out, and molecular docking was verified. HeLa cell nude mice model was established, and Inonotus obliquus triterpenoids were administered by gavage. The indexes were detected and detected by Western blotting after euthanizing nude mice. RESULTS After screening, 274 associated targets of 15 qualified active components were obtained. Intersecting with 2 046 HeLa cell-related targets, 104 potential anti-HeLa cell targets of Inonotus obliquus triterpenoids were obtained. Through the "drug-component-target-disease" network analysis, PIK3CA, MAPK3, MDM2, AR and CCND1 might be potential targets for anti-HeLa cell of triterpenoids purified from Inonotus obliquus. The results of KEGG enrichment analysis showed that multiple signal pathways such as PI3K/Akt signal pathway, Ras signal pathway and MAPK signal pathway might be the potential anti-HeLa cell pathway of triterpenoids in Inonotus obliquus. The results of molecular docking showed that the core components and key targets had strong potential binding ability. The in vivo test results showed that Inonotus obliquus triterpenoids could inhibit tumor growth, regulate immune function, promote tumor apoptosis and inhibit PI3K and AKT phosphorylation in model mice. CONCLUSION Based on the methods of network pharmacology, molecular docking and in vivo verification, it is proved that the triterpenoids of Inonotus obliquus play the role of anti-HeLa cell through multi-components and multi-targets, which lays a foundation for further research and development of Inonotus obliquus and the discussion of its anti-tumor mechanism.

Methods:A total of 392 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were selected from the population of the epidemiological investigation project of allergic diseases in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. The project was led by Department of Allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, and assisted by Hohhot First Hospital from April to May 2023. The patients were randomly divided into a spleen aminopeptide group (296 cases) and control group (96 cases) at a ratio of 3∶1, and the enrollment period was from June 1 to 14, 2023. The treatment group was treated with spleen aminopeptide oral solution for 12 weeks starting from 4-6 weeks (±7 days) before the pollen dispersal period, while the control group was treated with a simulated agent of spleen aminopeptide oral solution. Both the treatment group and the control group were treated with oral antihistamines and/or nasal glucocorticoids as needed during the pollen dispersal period. Evaluate the therapeutic effect by comparing the symptom scores, drug scores and quality of life scores of the two groups, and detect the expression levels of cytokines in serum. Symptom scores, quality of life scores, drug scores and laboratory results were compared by independent sample t test/Kruskal-Wallis test and χ2 test/Fisher′s exact test. Results:Compared with the control group, spleen aminopeptide treatment for 12 weeks significantly improved symptoms of nasal congestion [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=6.308, P<0.05], nasal itching [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=4.966, P<0.05], sneezing [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=5.245, P<0.05], runny nose [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=5.41, P<0.05] and tearing [ M( Q1, Q3):1(0, 2) vs. 1(0, 3), H=4.664, P<0.05]. At 12 weeks of treatment, the scores of nasal symptoms and ocular symptoms in control group and experimental group were significantly increased compared with baseline ( P<0.05). In experimental group, nasal congestion [ M( Q1, Q3):1(0, 1) vs. 1(0, 2), H=4.042, P<0.05], eye itching/foreign body sensation/redness symptom scores [ M( Q1, Q3):1(0, 2) vs. 1(0, 2), H=5.302, P<0.05] and total scores [ M( Q1, Q3):4(-1, 9) vs. 5(0, 12.5), H=3.958, P<0.05] were significantly increased. The antihistamine drug score of the splenic peptide treatment group at 6 weeks were lower than that of the control group ( H=4.232, P<0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, the antihistamine drug score [ M( Q1, Q3):10(0, 24) vs. 19(2, 36.5), H=6.67, P<0.05] and the total drug score [ M( Q1, Q3):28.5(5, 77.5) vs. 46(6, 155.5), H=3.995, P<0.05] were significantly lower than those of the control group. The serum IL-17A levels of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group after 6 weeks (0.7±1.77 vs. 0.85±1.67 ,H=10.08, P<0.05) and 12 weeks (0.81±1.63 vs. 0.94±1.73, H=5.196, P<0.05) of splenic aminopeptide treatment. Conclusions:Early treatment with spleen aminopeptide oral solution can significantly improve nasal and ocular symptoms of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis, reduce the use of drugs during the onset period, and improve the quality of life. It may exert an immunomodulatory effect by reducing the expression level of IL-17A in the serum of patients.Objects:To conduct a study on the prevention and treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effects of spleen aminopeptide oral solution on seasonal allergic rhinitis, and explore its related mechanisms.

Methods:A total of 392 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were selected from the population of the epidemiological investigation project of allergic diseases in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. The project was led by Department of Allergy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, and assisted by Hohhot First Hospital from April to May 2023. The patients were randomly divided into a spleen aminopeptide group (296 cases) and control group (96 cases) at a ratio of 3∶1, and the enrollment period was from June 1 to 14, 2023. The treatment group was treated with spleen aminopeptide oral solution for 12 weeks starting from 4-6 weeks (±7 days) before the pollen dispersal period, while the control group was treated with a simulated agent of spleen aminopeptide oral solution. Both the treatment group and the control group were treated with oral antihistamines and/or nasal glucocorticoids as needed during the pollen dispersal period. Evaluate the therapeutic effect by comparing the symptom scores, drug scores and quality of life scores of the two groups, and detect the expression levels of cytokines in serum. Symptom scores, quality of life scores, drug scores and laboratory results were compared by independent sample t test/Kruskal-Wallis test and χ2 test/Fisher′s exact test. Results:Compared with the control group, spleen aminopeptide treatment for 12 weeks significantly improved symptoms of nasal congestion [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=6.308, P<0.05], nasal itching [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=4.966, P<0.05], sneezing [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=5.245, P<0.05], runny nose [ M( Q1, Q3):2(1, 2) vs. 2(1, 3), H=5.41, P<0.05] and tearing [ M( Q1, Q3):1(0, 2) vs. 1(0, 3), H=4.664, P<0.05]. At 12 weeks of treatment, the scores of nasal symptoms and ocular symptoms in control group and experimental group were significantly increased compared with baseline ( P<0.05). In experimental group, nasal congestion [ M( Q1, Q3):1(0, 1) vs. 1(0, 2), H=4.042, P<0.05], eye itching/foreign body sensation/redness symptom scores [ M( Q1, Q3):1(0, 2) vs. 1(0, 2), H=5.302, P<0.05] and total scores [ M( Q1, Q3):4(-1, 9) vs. 5(0, 12.5), H=3.958, P<0.05] were significantly increased. The antihistamine drug score of the splenic peptide treatment group at 6 weeks were lower than that of the control group ( H=4.232, P<0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, the antihistamine drug score [ M( Q1, Q3):10(0, 24) vs. 19(2, 36.5), H=6.67, P<0.05] and the total drug score [ M( Q1, Q3):28.5(5, 77.5) vs. 46(6, 155.5), H=3.995, P<0.05] were significantly lower than those of the control group. The serum IL-17A levels of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group after 6 weeks (0.7±1.77 vs. 0.85±1.67 ,H=10.08, P<0.05) and 12 weeks (0.81±1.63 vs. 0.94±1.73, H=5.196, P<0.05) of splenic aminopeptide treatment. Conclusions:Early treatment with spleen aminopeptide oral solution can significantly improve nasal and ocular symptoms of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis, reduce the use of drugs during the onset period, and improve the quality of life. It may exert an immunomodulatory effect by reducing the expression level of IL-17A in the serum of patients.Objects:To conduct a study on the prevention and treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effects of spleen aminopeptide oral solution on seasonal allergic rhinitis, and explore its related mechanisms.

Objective To observe the value of amide proton transfer(APT)imaging for assessing central nervous system damages in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and the correlations with MR spectroscopy(MRS)and lung function parameters.Methods Thirty-nine stable COPD patients(COPD group)and 34 healthy subjects(control group)were prospectively enrolled.Images of plain head MR,3D-APT and thalami MRS were acquired,and parameters of lung function were obtained.The basic data,outcomes of voxel-based morphometry(VBM)analysis,APT values in multiple brain regions and thalami MRS metabolite parameters were compared between groups,and the correlations of thalamus APT values with thalamus MRS metabolites parameters and lung function parameters were explored.Results Lung function parameters in COPD group were lower than those in control group,while cerebrospinal fluid volume(CSFV)and total brain volume(TIV)in COPD group were lager than those in control group(all P＜0.05).Compared with those in control group,APT values of bilateral thalami,right temporal lobe and right occipital lobe in COPD group were higher,and the peak value of N-acetyl aspartate(NAA)of bilateral thalami and NAA/creatin of right thalamus in COPD group were lower(all P＜0.05).Within COPD group,APT values of bilateral thalami were positively correlated(r=0.641),while APT values of left thalamus showed negative correlation(r=-0.435)with NAA values left thalamus and negative correlation(r=-0.432)with the forced expiratory volume in the first one second after bronchodilator administration(FEV1)(all P＜0.05).Conclusion APT values of central nervous system elevated and NAA values decreased in COPD patients.There were negative correlations between left thalamus APT and NAA values,also between APT values of left thalamus and FEV1.

Purpose The feasibility and application value of 3D amide proton transfer weighted(APTw)imaging is used to evaluate central nervous system injury in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients.Materials and Methods A total of 36 COPD patients who attended the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to August 2023 were selected along with 31 age-and gender-matched healthy volunteers.All subjects underwent pulmonary function tests,routine blood tests,Montreal cognitive assessment scale(MoCA)assessment and 3.0T MRI scan.The APT values of each brain region were measured independently and assessed for consistency by two observers,and the differences in APT values of each brain region were compared between the two groups to explore the correlation between the APT values of multiple brain regions and the pulmonary function,blood indices,and MoCA scores.Results The measurement consistency of APT values in multiple brain regions among observers was good(ICC>0.75).The APT values of brain regions in the COPD group were higher than those in the healthy control group,with statistically significant differences between the bilateral pallidum(t=2.490,2.168),the right thalamus(t=2.754),the nucleus accumbens(t=2.137),the temporal lobe gray matter(t=3.533)and the occipital lobe gray matter(t=2.345)compared with those in the healthy control group(all P<0.05);the APT values of the multiple brain regions were in a negative correlation(r=-0.390--0.084),with a stronger correlation between bilateral pallidum(r=-0.390,-0.370,both P<0.05);lung function indexes(forced vital capacity,forced expiratory volume in one second,forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity,forced expiratory volume in one second/prediction)in the COPD group showed a negative correlation trend with the APT values of the multibulbar areas(r=-0.339--0.010,all P>0.05),while white blood cell count,red blood cell count,hemoglobin concentration and platelet count showed a positive correlation trend with multi brain APT values(r=0.084-0.587).Conclusion As a novel MRI technology,APTw has potential application value in early detection of central nervous system damage in COPD patients and non-invasive monitoring of disease progression.

Objective: Although previous studies have validated the effect of childhood trauma on depressive level, few studies have utilized the diathesis-stress theory to investigate the specific roles of perceived stress and rumination in the pathway between childhood trauma and depression in Chinese college students. This study aims to demonstrate the mediation effect of perceived stress and the moderation effect of rumination in the pathway between childhood trauma and depressive level in Chinese college students. Methods: A total of 995 Chinese college students in Guangzhou were included in this study by recruitment advertisement from October to December 2021. And they were asked to finish four self-report questionnaires, including Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, Perceived Stress Scale, the 22-item Ruminative Response Scale, and Beck Depression Scale-II. Then the data were analyzed with Mplus 8.3. Results: Results revealed significant correlations among childhood trauma, perceived stress, rumination and depressive level. Further analyses revealed that perceived stress played a mediation role between childhood trauma and depressive level (estimate=0.09, standard error [SE]=0.02, t=5.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.06–0.12), and rumination played a moderation role between childhood trauma and perceived stress (estimate=-0.17, SE=0.06, t=-2.86, 95% CI=-0.28– -0.05]) as well as between childhood trauma and depressive level (estimate=0.10, SE=0.04, t=2.74, 95% CI=0.03–0.16). Conclusion These results revealed the mediation effect of perceived stress and the moderation effect of rumination in the pathway between childhood trauma and depressive level in Chinese college students, which helped us to understand how the childhood trauma influenced the depressive level and gave us multi-dimensional indications for reducing the effect of childhood trauma on depressive level.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess the quality of prosthetic prescriptions of removable partial dentures (RPDs) and to analyze the current situation of the communication and information delivery between clinicians and technicians. METHODS: All RPD prosthetic prescriptions received by a major dental laboratory in 4 weeks were involved in a quality audit, and the prescriptions were divided into three groups in accordance with the grades of clients. The filling of prosthetic prescriptions was recorded. The items in the prescriptions for audit included the general information of the patient, the general information of the clinician, the design diagram information, other detailed information, and the return date. The prescriptions were categorized into four levels on the basis of their quality by two quality inspectors who have been working for more than 10 years. RESULTS: A total of 916 prescriptions were collected and assessed. The names in the general information of the patient and the clinician were filled out best, both at the rate of 97.6% (n=894). The return date was filled out worst, only at the rate of 6.4% (n=59). Of those prescriptions, 86.8% (n=795) exhibited inadequate design diagram information. The results of the quality assessment demonstrated that 74.2% of prescriptions were assessed as noncompliant ones and failed to meet the acceptable clinical quality standard. CONCLUSIONS At present, the overall quality of RPD prosthetic prescriptions is poor. The responsibilities of clinicians and technicians are unclear, and the communication between them is not ideal.
Humans ; Denture Design ; Denture, Partial, Removable ; Prescriptions

OBJECTIVE To optimite the purification technology of total triterpenoid extracts from Inonotus obliquus ，and to investigate the anti -tumor activity of its purified products . METHODS Using inotodiol as control ，the method was established for the content determination of total triterpenoid in I. obliquus. The type of macroporous adsorption resin ，sample volume ，sample concentration，sample flow rate ，eluent volume ，eluent dosage and elution flow rate were selected by single factor experiments . The purification technology of the crude extract was determined and verified . The effects of total triterpenoid purified from I. obliquus on the proliferation ，migration and apoptosis of human cervical cancer HeLa cells were detected by cell proliferation test ， migration test ，flow cytometry and AO/EB kit . RESULTS The best purification technology of total triterpenoid crude extracts from I. obliquus was as follows ：AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin was used ；mass concentration of the sample solution was 2.0 mg/mL；sample volume was 140 mL，and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min；the impurity was removed with 50% ethanol 40 mL， then eluted with 95% ethanol 160 mL，at the elution flow rate of 3.0 mL/min. After purification ，mass concentration of total triterpenoid from I. obliquus increased from 34.36% to 73.39%. The total triterpenoid of I. obliquus could inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cells ，and the 50% inhibitory concentration was 184.20 μg/mL. Compared with control group ，the purified products could significantly inhibit the migratio n and promote the apoptosis of HeLa cells （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS The purification technology of total triterpenoids extracts from I. obliquus is successfully optimited . The purified product could inhibit the proliferation and migration of HeLa cells and induce their apoptosis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different concentrations of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hADMSCs) derived exosome-mimetic nanovesicles (NVs)and exosomes (EXOs) on the biological function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) .Methods:(1) Through hydrodynamic liposuction, adipose tissue was obtained from the thighs of 10 women (aged 18-65 years) in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from June 2019 to August 2020. The hADMSCs were isolated by enzymatic hydrolysis, cultured to passage 4 and induced into adipocytes and osteocytes. The surface protein markers were identified by flow cytometry. (2) hADMSCs-NVs and hADMSCs-EXOs were prepared and observed under an electron microscope. Their surface protein markers were analyzed with particle size analyzer, particle size was analyzed with nanoparticle tracker. Protein quantitative analysis and nanoparticle tracking were used to detect the total protein and particle number of NVs and EXOs produced by 1×10 6 hADMSCs. (3) The control group (DMEM basic medium), 40, 60, 80 μg/ml NVs groups and 20, 40, 60 μg/ml EXOs groups were set to compare the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs through CCK-8 proliferation test, cell scratch test and angiogenesis test respectively. Graphpad Prism 7.0 was used for statistical analysis, and the measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD. Repeated measurement analysis of variance was applied to the comparison between multiple groups, and Tukey test was applied to pairwise comparison. P<0.05 represented statistical significance. Results:(1) The fourth generation of hADMSCs were slender spindle-shaped cells under optical microscope. After 21 days of adipogenesis induction, the transparent lipid droplets inside the cells were stained red by oil red O staining. After 14 days of osteogenesis induction, a large proportion of brown black staining area was observed by alkaline phosphatase calcium cobalt staining. The surface protein markers CD90 and CD29 of hADMSCs were positive. (2) Under transmission electron microscope, the structures of hADMSCs-NVs and EXOs were similar, both were discoid vesicles. The expression levels of CD9, CD81 and IgG were similar between NVS and EXOs. The particle sizes of NVs and EXOs were about the same, which were (72.0 ± 21.51) nm and (81.27±22.37) nm. The total protein content of NVs produced by 1×10 6 hADMSCs was (140.7±5.1) μg, about 100 times that of EXOs, which was (1.3±0.3) μg. The number of NVs [(644.5 ± 17.1)×10 8/ml] particles was about 90 times that of EXOs [(7.1±0.1)×10 8/ml]. (3) In CCK-8 proliferation assay, at 12, 24 and 48 hours after culture, the growth trend of HUVECs in the groups were generally consistent, and the difference in absorbance value was statistically significant ( P<0.01); at 48 hours after culture, the absorbance values of 60 μg/ml NVs and 40 μg/ml EXOs were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups ( P>0.05). At 8 and 24 hours after cell scratch assay, the changes of scratch width in each group were different, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01); at 24 hours after scratch, the change of scratch width in 60 μg/ml NVs and 40 μg/ml EXOs groups were greater than that in the control group (all P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups ( P>0.05). In the angiogenesis assay, the number of branch points and the length of blood vessels in each group were different, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). The number of capillary branches formed by HUVECs in 60 μg/ml NVs and 40 μg/ml EXOs groups were higher than that in the control group (all P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups (all P>0.05). The capillary length of 60 μg/ml NVs and 40 μg/ml EXOs groups were longer than that of the control group ( all P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The shape and size of NVs were similar to EXOs, while the total protein content of NVs was about 100 times that of EXOs. The effects of hADMSCs-NVs and EXOs on the biological functions of HUVECs are similar and the optimum concentrations of NVs and EXOs are 60 μg/ml and 40 μg/ml, respectively.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different concentrations of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hADMSCs) derived exosome-mimetic nanovesicles (NVs)and exosomes (EXOs) on the biological function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) .Methods:(1) Through hydrodynamic liposuction, adipose tissue was obtained from the thighs of 10 women (aged 18-65 years) in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from June 2019 to August 2020. The hADMSCs were isolated by enzymatic hydrolysis, cultured to passage 4 and induced into adipocytes and osteocytes. The surface protein markers were identified by flow cytometry. (2) hADMSCs-NVs and hADMSCs-EXOs were prepared and observed under an electron microscope. Their surface protein markers were analyzed with particle size analyzer, particle size was analyzed with nanoparticle tracker. Protein quantitative analysis and nanoparticle tracking were used to detect the total protein and particle number of NVs and EXOs produced by 1×10 6 hADMSCs. (3) The control group (DMEM basic medium), 40, 60, 80 μg/ml NVs groups and 20, 40, 60 μg/ml EXOs groups were set to compare the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs through CCK-8 proliferation test, cell scratch test and angiogenesis test respectively. Graphpad Prism 7.0 was used for statistical analysis, and the measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD. Repeated measurement analysis of variance was applied to the comparison between multiple groups, and Tukey test was applied to pairwise comparison. P<0.05 represented statistical significance. Results:(1) The fourth generation of hADMSCs were slender spindle-shaped cells under optical microscope. After 21 days of adipogenesis induction, the transparent lipid droplets inside the cells were stained red by oil red O staining. After 14 days of osteogenesis induction, a large proportion of brown black staining area was observed by alkaline phosphatase calcium cobalt staining. The surface protein markers CD90 and CD29 of hADMSCs were positive. (2) Under transmission electron microscope, the structures of hADMSCs-NVs and EXOs were similar, both were discoid vesicles. The expression levels of CD9, CD81 and IgG were similar between NVS and EXOs. The particle sizes of NVs and EXOs were about the same, which were (72.0 ± 21.51) nm and (81.27±22.37) nm. The total protein content of NVs produced by 1×10 6 hADMSCs was (140.7±5.1) μg, about 100 times that of EXOs, which was (1.3±0.3) μg. The number of NVs [(644.5 ± 17.1)×10 8/ml] particles was about 90 times that of EXOs [(7.1±0.1)×10 8/ml]. (3) In CCK-8 proliferation assay, at 12, 24 and 48 hours after culture, the growth trend of HUVECs in the groups were generally consistent, and the difference in absorbance value was statistically significant ( P<0.01); at 48 hours after culture, the absorbance values of 60 μg/ml NVs and 40 μg/ml EXOs were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups ( P>0.05). At 8 and 24 hours after cell scratch assay, the changes of scratch width in each group were different, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01); at 24 hours after scratch, the change of scratch width in 60 μg/ml NVs and 40 μg/ml EXOs groups were greater than that in the control group (all P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups ( P>0.05). In the angiogenesis assay, the number of branch points and the length of blood vessels in each group were different, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). The number of capillary branches formed by HUVECs in 60 μg/ml NVs and 40 μg/ml EXOs groups were higher than that in the control group (all P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups (all P>0.05). The capillary length of 60 μg/ml NVs and 40 μg/ml EXOs groups were longer than that of the control group ( all P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The shape and size of NVs were similar to EXOs, while the total protein content of NVs was about 100 times that of EXOs. The effects of hADMSCs-NVs and EXOs on the biological functions of HUVECs are similar and the optimum concentrations of NVs and EXOs are 60 μg/ml and 40 μg/ml, respectively.